1、冠词的用法总结 一、不定冠词（a/an）的用法： a 用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。 1、 表示数量“ 一” 的意思，与 one 相近，但不如 one 语气强。译成汉语是必有“一”。 Rome was not built in a day. She got a one-way ticket at last. 2、 表示一类人或事物之一，译成汉语是常有“一”。Mr Zhang is an expert on DNA. The novel is written by a boy. 3、 用来概括整体，表示一类人或事物，译成汉语时一般不带“一” ，与 any 接近。A r
2、ose is the symbol of love. A dolphin is friendly to man. 4.用在表示时间或度量衡单位的名词前，相当于per, every, each。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Please take the medicine three times a day. 5、 用在 of 之后，表属性，意思是“同样，一样” ，相当于the same。 Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚 The people and the army are of a family.
3、 军民一家 6、 用在序数词前，淡化“第几.” 的含义，强调在原来已有的基础上，表示“又，再”。“a/an+序数词” 近似于 anther 的用法。 We tried a second time. After a while, a third taxi came. 7、 不定冠词的特殊用法： A、 物质名词或抽象名词前一般不加冠词，但若表示一个，一份，一种，一阵等含义时，可用不定冠词。 What a heavy rain it is. B、 用于专有名词前，表示“某一”，相当于a certain。 I remembered she came on a Sunday in September.
4、A Mr Tyson is asking to see you. C、 用于人名、地名、产品名、机构名词等之前，表示“一个” 。Li Hua is a Lei Feng in our class. After twenty years, I see a new Beijing. D、 Sun, moon, earth, sky 和 world 等独一无二的名词前要加 the,但它们前面如果有修饰语时可以用 a/an. A full moon hangs outside of the window. E、 季节、月份、星期几、三餐等名词前一般不用冠词，但前面有修饰语时可以用 a/an。 用于形容
5、词最高级前，使最高级表示“很,非常.”, 而不是“最.”。Last year we had a warm winter. It was really a wonderful supper. F、 不定冠词除上述用法之外，还出现在某些固定的短语或句式中，这就要求平时要多观察，多积累。 a few 几个 a type of 一类 as a matter of fact 事实上 at a high speed高速的 on a diet 在节食 once upon a time 从前 in a low/loud voice 低/ 高声地 have a good time 玩得愉快 have a try
6、 试一试定冠词的用法： 1. 特指某人或某物，尤其是上文已提到的和谈话双方都知道的人或物。Shut the door, will you? 关上门好吗？ I bought a tie yesterday. The tie is made of silk. 2. 表类别 The dog is truthful to man. Who invented the telephone? 3. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前，如sun, moon, earth, sky, universe, world, atmosphere 等。White clouds are floating in the sky.
7、The sun gives us all we need to live. 4. 用在表示方位和时间的名词前 From/in/to the east/south in the morning/afternoon/evening in the middle/centre in/at the beginning/end on/to the right/left in the daytime 5. 用在形容词和副词最高级以及序数词前 The earliest coins in the world were used in China. Which is the second longest rive
8、r in the world?(两者中比较时，可以用 the + 比较级)6. 用在某些形容词和过去分词之前表示一类人 The poor 穷人 the rich 有钱人 the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员 7. 在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The zhangs are having supper now. 8. 在乐器前常用 the Play the violin be interested in the piano 对钢琴感兴趣 play Erhu (汉语拼音前不用 the) 9. 用于逢十的数词的复数前表年代 In the 1970s in ones ninet
9、ies 10. 用于表示具体计量的结构 by the 意思是“ 按计算，以计算”Eggs are sold by the dozen here. They sell cloth by the metre.他们卖布论米。 11. 用在 only, last time, same 和 very 前，特指某一名词。That was the last time I saw her. Youve made the same mistake. 12. 用于“hit/catch sb in/on/by the +身体某部位”表示打在 /抓住某人身体的某部位A stone hit Tom on the nos
10、e/back/head. in the face/arm/leg/eye. 13用在某些专有名词前：用于江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛之前； 用于含有普通名词构成的专有名词 the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Yellow River 黄河 the English Channel 英吉利海峡 the West Lake 西湖 the Tang Dynasty 唐朝 the Peoples Republic of China 中国人民共和国 13. 用在某些短语中零冠词的用法 1、 表示一类事物或一类人的名词复数前不用冠词Boys like knives and guns whil
11、e girls like flowers. Doctors and patients should respect each other. 2、 称呼语和家庭成员前不用冠词 Where has mother gone? Come here, little boy. 3、 物质名词前一般不加冠词 Water boils at 100C. Dont drink the water in the bottle. I prefer tea to coffee. A coffee, please. 4.抽象名词前一般不加冠词Failure is the mother of success. You ha
12、ve no sense of humour. 但注意下面这些名词一般不会被 a 修饰： Advice work progress fun news information weather furniture 5.表示独一无二的职位名词前可不用冠词 Mr Zhang, president of the company, is a man of strong will. Cook was captain of the ship. 这类名词还有 chairman, head, chief, director, king, queen 等 6.三餐前一般不加冠词 Well have fish for
13、supper Dont go to school without breakfast. I like a light breakfast. The supper you cooked today was different from the other day. 7.球类，棋类运动前不加 the Play basketball/football/chess/volleyball 8.某种疾病前不加冠词 The old man died of cancer/flu/heart disease. 但 fever/cold/cough/headache/toothache/stomachache 等
14、词前可以加 a。 9.turn 表示“ 成为” 时，后面作表语的名词前不加冠词。Later the poor boy turned writer. Later the poor boy became a writer. 10.as/though 引导状语从句用于倒装句时，若是名词单数放在句首，不用冠词。Hero as he is (=Though/As he is a hero), he is still poor. 11.前有物主代词，指示代词以及some, any, no, each, every, kind of, sort of, type of 等时，后面的名词前不用冠词。any w
15、ay 任何办法 some suffering 一些痛苦 no doubt 无疑地this title this type of car 这种汽车 12. by 表示交通，通讯等方式时，后面所接的名词前不用冠词。by bike by bus/car by train by plane/air Mary went to school on a bus this morning.(名词前有冠词，物主代词或指示代词时，不用 by,用 on 或 in 等介词) 13. bed, church, class, college, hospital, market, prison, town, univers
16、ity 等个体名词表达抽象含义时，前面不用冠词。 go to school 去上学 go to the school 到那所学校去 at school 在校园/在学习 at the school 在那所学校里 14. 某些专有名词前无冠词 A 人名，洲名，城市名，某些国家名词前无冠词（多是不含普通名词的专有名词） China Kate Asia London B.表示学科和语言的名词前无冠词physics chemistry geography Our teacher said the French language was the most beautiful language in the
17、 world. C.季节、月份和星期几前一般不用冠词 in summer/ winter in June on Monday D.节假日前一般无冠词（特别是含 Day的节日） Childrens Day Womens Day 注意：中国的传统节日前要用 the the Spring Festival 春节 the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节 15. 一人身兼多种身份时，只在第一个名词前加冠词 the writer and poet 作家兼诗人（一个人） the writer and the poet 作家和诗人（两个人） 16. 用于独立主格结构中 I climbed i
18、n, sword in hand. I climbed in, with a sword in my hand. 17. 用于固定搭配中： A 当连词或介词把两个相同，相对或关系密切的词连接起来构成短语时，不用冠词。 arm in arm back to back day and night day after day B.fromto/till 结构中多数不用冠词 From time to time 时常的 from morning till night 从早到晚 C.其它不用冠词的短语： ask for advice ask for help at first at breakfast at night do good/harm to in fact in honor of 为纪念 /庆祝 in return for 作为报答 in trouble 在困境中
