1、 1专题三 形容词和副词一、形容词和副词的基本用法A形容词：就是用来修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。如：1. This is a new pen. 这是支新钢笔。 (形容词 new 作名词 pen 定语)2. These oranges taste _. (全国卷) A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes _. (全国卷)A. open B. to be opened C. to o
2、pen D. openingB副词：就是修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句，说明 时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。如：Its raining heavily. (副词 heavily 修饰谓语动词)Its a rather interesting job. (副词 rather 修饰形容词 interesting)She speaks English very well. (副词 very 修饰副词 well)This is just what he said. (副词 just 修饰 what he said)注：here, there, in, out, away,
3、abroad 等少数副词也可以作表语；here, there, home, abroad, below 等表示地点或方位的词及 today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out 等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。如：Tom isnt here. (here 作表语)The people there were very kind to us. (副词 there 作定语，修饰 people)二、定语形容词与表语形容词A表语形容词：有的形容词一般只作表语，如表示健康状况的 well, unwell, ill, faint，表示情感反应的 glad, sorry, fon
4、d, worth, able，以 a 开头的 afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, ashamed 等。但有的可作后置定语或补语。B定语形容词：通常只作定语的形容词，如起强调作用的 only(唯一的), single(唯一的), certain(某一), real(真正的), true(真正的), very(正是), live(活的), exact(准确的), present(在场的)，由名词等转化而来的 wooden(木制的), woolen(羊毛制的 ), drunken(醉的), medical, daily, weekly, elect
5、ric, former(前任的), some, any, little, many, 及 one-eyed 之类的复合形容词等。如：This is a medical school. (不说 This school is medical. ) 三、形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后：A形容词短语作定语时要后置。如：_ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国卷)A. Brave enough stud
6、ents B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough braveB表语形容词作定语要后置。如：All the people _ at the party were his supporters. (北京卷)A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important如：Is there anything important in the paper? 四、多个形容词作定语的排序多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词 +) 描绘性形容词+表示大小(
7、长短、高低)、形状、2年龄(新旧) 的形容词+表颜色的形容词+表国籍或产地的形容词+表物质材料的形容词+表类别或用途的形容词+名词。如：1. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _ car. (辽宁卷)A. large German white B. large white German C. white large GermanD. German large white 2. _ students are required to take part in the boat race. (浙江卷)A. Ten strong young Chi
8、nese B. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese3. The _ house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years. (江苏卷)A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little注：限定词的排序：前位限定词 (指量限定词 all, both, half 等；倍数词 double, twi
9、ce 等；分数词 one-third, two-fifths 等) +中位限定词 (冠词；指示代词；形容词性物主代词；名词所有格)+ 后位限定词 (序数词及 last, next等；基数词及 few, several 等 )。如：1. The husband gave his wife _ every month in order to please her. (重庆卷)A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income2. How was your recent
10、 visit to Qingdao?It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _ days at the seaside. (全国卷)A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last五、副词在句中的位置规律 1) 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面 ，但 enough 却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。如：1. Mum, I think Im _ to get back to school. Not really, my
11、 dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two. (全国卷)A. so wellB. so good C. well enough D. good enough2. If I had _, Id visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places. (全国卷)A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough3. _, some
12、 famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (上海卷)A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange2) 频度副词 always, usually, often, never 等一般放在行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或 be 动词之后。如：She always gets up early. (副词 always 放在行为动词 gets 之前)She is seldom late for
13、school. (副词 seldom 放在 be 动词之后)3) 表示地点的副词常放在句末；表示确定时间的副词放在句首或句末；表示方式的副词词通常放在“动词(+宾语)”之后，也可放在其它位置；同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式地点时间。如：_ I went to the railway station to see my friend off. (全国卷)A. After eating quickly my dinner B. After my quickly eating dinnerC. After eating my dinner quickly D. After e
14、ating my quickly dinner六、ed 形容词和-ing 形容词的区别 -ed 形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人) 感到”；-ing 形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人” 或“令人的(事物)”。这样成对的形容词有： interested / interesting; excited / exciting; frightened / frightening; surprised / surprising; pleased / pleasing; moved / moving; disappointed / disappointing 等。来源:学科网 ZXXK1. Laws
15、 that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. (重庆卷)A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry2. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. 3A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interestedC. interested; be interesting D. interes
16、ting; interest注：即使-ed 形容词用以说明事物，那也是指与该事物相关的人；即使-ing 形容词用以说明人，也是指此人具有该性质或特征。如： He told me the news in an excited voice. The man is interesting. 另外，glad, happy, sorry, angry, thankful, proud 等的主语也只能是人；而 pleasant, easy, difficult, important等则通常以事物或 it 作主语，因为它们是说明事物的。如：Im very _ with my own cooking. It
17、looks nice and smells delicious. Mn, it does have a _ smell. (北京卷)A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasantB. 【考点诠释】考点 1 形谷词、副词的比较等级1形容词或副词的 asas 结构两者相比，当 A=B 时，用“as+adj/adv原级+as”来表示。如：Jack runs as fast as Tom双方相比，当 AB，或指 A 的程度较低时，用“not as/so+adj/adv原级+as” 表
18、示。如：He does not work as/so hard as his sister2形容词或副词的比较级+than 、当双方比较，AB 时，用“比较级 +than”结构。当 A 不及 B 的程度时，用“less+adj /adv原级+than ”的结构。如：Blood is thicker than water谚血浓于水。Health is better than wealth谚3表示双方相比，一方超过另一方，并强调超出的程度和数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如：even，much，very much，still ，any，a lot，a bit，a little，far，yet
19、，by far，a great deal，twice，three times， rather，slightly 等，而 very，quite，SO，fairly 等词不可修饰形容词或副词的比较级A car runs a great deal faster than a truck小汽车比卡车快得多。4“the+比较级， the+比较级”结构表示“越越”来源:Z it unlikely B. likely; it possible C. possible; it possible D. likely; it possibly 14. He didnt understand the _ quest
20、ion, so there was a _ expression on his face.A. puzzling; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling15. She can speak _ in front of Mack, but she cant eat _ in his restaurant.A. free, free B. free, freelyC. freely, free D. freely, freely16 . It was raining heavily. Little
21、 Mary felt cold, so she stood _ to her mother. A. close B. closelyC. closed D. closing17. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he _ passed the last exam. A. easily B. hardlyC. actually D. successfully【试题放送】（2014 安徽卷）30. David is _ animal fur, so he wont visit anyone w
22、ho has cats or dogs in the house.A. curious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D. food of（2014 安徽卷）33. Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was.A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice（2014 福建卷）25. The Forbidden City attracts a _ stream of visitors every day, especi
23、ally during national holidays.A. constant B. main C. powerful D. shallow（2014 福建卷 ）31. Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy _ priced bikes.A. competitively B. recently C. reasonably D. affordably（2014 湖北卷）27. People complain that decisions to
24、approve or deny a permit are often _ rather than based on fixe d criteria.A. appropriate B. conscious C. arbitrary D. controversial（2014 湖北卷）28. He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a _ contribution to help the community.A. commercial B. generous C
25、. comparable D. profitable （2013 湖北卷）29. Dont defend him any more. Its obvious that he _ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.A. accidentally B. carelessly C. deliberately D. clumsily（2013 江西卷）24. What a terrible experience ! _, youre safe now - thats the main thing.8A. Anyway. B.
26、Besides. C. Otherwise. D. Therefore.（2013 江西卷）26. There are a small number of people involved, possibly _ _twenty.A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as（2013 辽宁卷）27. Everything seemed to be going _ for the first two days after I moved to New York.A. vividly B. generally C. frequent
27、ly D. smoothly（2013 辽宁卷）33. This is b y far _ movie that I have ever seen.A. an inspiring B. a much inspiring C. the most D. the more inspiring【拓展】试比较以下两句：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. （理解同本题）来源:学科网This book couldnt be more interesting! 这本书太有意思了！（形容词和副词的比较级，用于否定句，表达最高级含义）（
28、2013 上海卷）28. Its a _ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French small B. French small charmingC. small French charming D. charming small French（2013 天津卷）3. I think watching TV every evening is a waste of- there are _ meaningful things to do. A. less B. more C. the
29、 least D. the most（2013 新 课标 II） 9. It may not be a great suggestion. But before _ is put forward, well make do with it.A. a good on e B. a better one C. the best one D. a best one（20 13 新课标 I 卷）25. Tony can hardly boil an egg, still _ cook dinner. A. less B. little C. much D. more （2013 浙江卷）2. Mary
30、 worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.A. pessimistic B. temporary C. previous D. cautious（2013 浙江卷）6. If we leave right away, _, well arrive on time.A. hopefully B. curiously C. occasionally D. gradually（2013 浙江卷）18. If what your friend comes up with sur
31、prises you, dont reject it immediately. _ , imagine that it is true.A. Thus B. Besides C. Rather D. Otherwise【2012 北京卷】28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _.A. some B. less C. much D. more【2012 全国 II】13. Next to biology , I like physics _.A. better B. best
32、C. the better D. very well10【 2012 天津卷】The secretary arranged a(n)_time and space for the applicants to have an interview.A. important B. spare C. public D. convenient【2012 全国新课程】29. This restaurant wasnt that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good as B. as half good asC. as good as half D. goo
33、d as half as【2012 福建卷】27. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be respected.A. especially B. equally C. naturally . D. normally【2012 福建卷】32. Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind? Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still _.A. available B. affordable
34、C. acceptable D. valuable【2012 浙江卷】18. _Mike was usually so careful, _this time he made a small mistake.9A. yet B. still C. even D. thus【2012 浙江卷】10.The research lacks_evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.A. solid B. fierce C. severe D. potential【2012 安徽卷】34.Queen Elizabeth is often
35、 to be richest woman in the world. _, her personal wealth seems rather s mall.A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether【2012 安徽卷】23. Interest is as _to learning as the ability to understand , even more so.A. vital B. available C. specific D. similar（2011 江苏卷,25 In that school, English is comp
36、ulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _.Aspecial Bregional Coptional Doriginal（2011 福建卷,30 Nowadays, there is a increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.A.sharp B.slight C.natural D.modest（2011 安徽卷,31 _, I managed to get through the gam
37、e and the pain was worth it in the end.A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently（2011 浙江卷,9 The professor could tell by the _look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh（2011 浙江卷,13 Ive been writing this report_ for the
38、 last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly（2011 全国卷 II,17Mr. Stevenson is great to work for I really couldnt ask for a _ boss.A. better B. good C. best D. still better来源:学科网 ZXXK（2011 上海春招,28 Youd be exposed to a lot _ pollution if you
39、 moved to a town with pure water and air.A. more B. most C. less D. least（2011 四川卷,12 How are your recent trip to Sichuan?Ive never had one before.A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant（2011 陕西卷,17 The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present
40、 one。 A.as three times big as B. three times as big asC. as big as three times D. as big three times as（2011 湖北卷,23 The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was_，though slow.A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady（2011 湖北卷,24 An unhap
41、py childhood may have some negative effects on a persons characters; however, 10they are not always_,A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial（2011 湖北卷,25 The state-run company is required to make its accounts as_ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.A. transparent B. rea
42、sonable C. secure D. formal（2011 江西卷 24The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B.much less interestingC. no more interesting D.any less interesting（2010 上海 It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was
43、journey.A. three hour B. a three-hours C. a three-h our D. three hours（2010 安徽 _, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smileA. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtfulC. Honest and confident . D. Lighthearted and optimistic（2010 湖南 Father goes to the gym with us alth
44、ough he dislikes going there.A. hardly B. seldom C. sometimes D. never（2010 江西 Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life _ and more _, have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.A easily; efficient B easier; efficient C easy; efficiently D easily; efficiently（201
45、0 山东 Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex（2010 天津 People have always been about exactly how life on earth began.A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful（2010 四川 The school was moved out
46、 of downtown as the number of students had grown too . A. small B. few C. 1arge D. many（2010 全国 Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and _ half learning drawing.A. another B. the other C. others D. other（2010 陕西 Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always
47、 sit before computer screens for long hours. A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure （2010 全国 The island is_attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both 11seasons.A.partly B.merely C.nearly D.equally（2010 全国 Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been_.A.popular B.more popul
