1、职位职称翻译法1) 职位有正职、副职之分。各种机构有自己独特的职位名称,不可混淆。英语有相应的约定俗成的译名。专门表示正职的词有:chairman 主席 president 总统premier 总理minister 部长governor 省长mayor 市长 secretary general 秘书长 presidentprincipal (of the university) 大学校长 chairman (of the federationassociation) 联合会协会主席president (of the society) 学会会长manager (of the company) 公
2、司经理一般表示正职的词有 director,chief,head,例如:directorchiefhead (of the department) 司长directorchiefhead (of the bureau) 局长 directorchiefhead (of the division) 处长directorchiefhead (of the section) 科长英语表示副职的词有 vice,deputy,assistant 等,跟 chairmanpresident 有关的副职用 vice 表示,例如:副主席 vice-chairman副总统 vice-president副总理 v
3、ice-premier副部长 vice-minister副省长 vice-governor副市长 vice-mayor(大学) 副校长 vice-president (of the university)(联合会协会)副主席 vice-chairman (of the federationassociation)(学会) 副会长 vice-president (of the society) 跟 director 有关的副职用 deputy 表示,例如;副局长 deputy director (of the bureau)副处长 deputy director (of the section)
4、跟 manager 有关的副职用 assistant 表示,例如;(公司) 副经理 assistant manager (of the company)2)常见职务:accounting supervisor 会计主管administration manager 行政经理administration staff 行政人员administrative assistant 行政助理administrative clerk 行政办事员bond analyst 证券分析员bond trader 证券交易员business controller 业务主任business manager 业务经理buye
5、r 采购员cashier 出纳员export sales manager 外销部经理export sales staff 外销部职员financial controller 财务主任financial reporter 财务报告人fund manager 财务经理general manager/ president 总经理general manager assistant 总经理助理general managers secretary 总经理秘书management consultant 管理顾问manager for public relations 公关部经理market analyst
6、市场分析员market development manager 市场开发部经理marketing manager 市场销售部经理marketing staff 市场销售员marketing assistant 销售助理marketing executive 销售主管marketing representative 销售代表marketing representative manager 市场调研部经理office assistant 办公室助理office clerk 职员operational manager 业务经理promotional manager 推售部经理real estate
7、staff 房地产职员regional manager 地区经理sales assistant 销售助理sales clerk 店员、售货员sales coordinator 销售协调人sales engineer 销售工程师sales executive 销售主管sales manager 销售部经理salesperson 销售员seller representative 销售代表sales supervisor 销售监管组织机构名称翻译法1) 政府官方机构包括中央政府部门与各级地方政府部门。国务院以下各级国家机构由委 (Commission),部 (ministry),司 (departm
8、ent),局 (bureau),处 (division),所 (institute),科 (section),中心 (centre),室 (office) 等组成。各机构部门职责分工不同,历史沿革不同,因而机构名称不尽相同,其英译也有差异。有些政府部门有约定俗成的简略语,如国家教委(国家教育委员会)、国家计委 (国家计划委员会)。翻译这些简略语需将其全称意译成英语,例如:全国人民代表大会 the National Peoples Congress常设委员会 the Standing Committee中国人民政治协商会议 the Chinese Peoples Political Consul
9、tative Conference国务院 the State Council 国家计委 the State Planning Commission国家教委 the State Educational Commission 外交部 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs;the Foreign Ministry财政部 the Ministry of Finance文化部 the Ministry of Culture 商业部 the Ministry of Commerce外事局 the Bureau of Foreign Affairs行政处 the Division
10、of Administration ; the Administrative Division秘书处 the Secretariat人事处 the Division of Personnel;the Personnel Division 2) 地方政府机构包括省、地、市、县等各级政府及其下属机构部门,有委 (commission),厅 (department),局 (bureau),公司 (company)等,其名称采用意译方法,例如: 省教委 the Provincial Educational Commission省民政厅 the Provincial Department of Civi
11、l,Administration 省监察局 the Provincial Supervisory Bureau省审计局 the Provincial Auditing Bureau省进出口公司 the Provincial Import and Export Company地农业局 the Prefectural Agricultural Bureau地税务局 the Prefectural Tax Bureau市体委 the CityMunicipal Physical Culture and Sports Commission市文委 the CityMunicipal Cultural C
12、ommission市公用局 the CityMunicipal Public Utility Bureau市商品检验局 the CityMunicipal Commodity Inspection Bureau市邮政总局 the CityMunicipal General Post Office市保险公司 the CityMunicipal Insurance Company县工业局 the County Industrial Bureau县林业局 the County Forestry Bureau3) 社会团体单位 (如工厂、商店、医院、公司、大学、中小学、出版社等),其名称一般采取意译方
13、法,例如:南京大学 Nanjing University 北京四中 Beijing No4 (number four) Middle School北京第一实验小学 Beijing NoI (number one) Experimental Primary Elementary School武汉钢铁公司 Wuhan Iron and Steel Company杭州万向节厂 Hangzhou Universal Joints Factory北京 301 医院 Beijing No301 (number three 0 one) Hospital北京动物园 Beijing Zoo4)专业组织和民间组
14、织名称,一般也采用意译方法,例如:市消费者协会 the Municipal Consumers Association5)国际主要经济贸易组织协会名称翻译 National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade, Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会I
15、nternational Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and D
16、evelopment, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of Ten 十国集团Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十国委员会Coordinating
17、 Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA加勒比共同市场(加勒比自由贸易同盟)Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagas
18、y Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPE
19、C 阿拉伯石油输出国组织Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade法国对外贸易中心International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际
20、货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行National city Bank of New York 花旗银行Ameri
21、can Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行Midland Bank Ltd. 米兰银行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行Bank of Tokyo Ltd. 东京银行Hong Kong and Shanghai Corpor
22、ation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署 United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金United Nations Industrial Development Organizatio
23、n, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦股票市场Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波罗的海商业和航运交易所