1、1动词变化形式不规则动词的过去式、过去分词和部分动词的现在分词/动名词形式在学习语法提高写作能力中意义重大，在学习过程中必须充分重视，总结规律，勤于记忆。一、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式：1 AAA 型：cut-cut-cut; read-read-read2 ABB 型： teach-taught-taught; bring-brought-brought; bleed-bled-bled3 ABC 型： eat-ate-eaten; break-broke-broken; write-wrote-written4 ABA 型：run-ran-run; come-came-come5 A
2、AB 型：beat-beat-beaten二、部分动词的现在分词/动名词形式：1以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加 ing: cut-cutting; shop-shopping; sit-sitting, nod-nodding; 请注意：open-opening; limit-limiting; credit-crediting2 以 er/ir 结尾的动词，若 er/ir 所在音节重读则双写 r, 否则不双写，此规则亦适用于规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化。prefer-preferring-preferred; refer-referring-referred;
3、 infer-inferred-inferring; stir-stirred-stirring3以 ie 结尾的几个动词，把 ie 变为 y 再加 ing: lie-lying; tie-tying; die-dying; vie-vying; 请注意：dye-dyeing4 以 ic 结尾的动词因读音问题需加-king: panic-panicking; traffic-trafficking; picnic-picnicking注意：此类动词变过去式和过去分词时加-ked. 三、注意事项：1. 有些双音节词变成过去式、过去分词和现在分词时，英国人习惯双写最后一个辅音字母，而美国人则不双写
4、。如：travel-travelling-travelled (英) travel-traveling-traveled（美）; kidnap-kidnapping-kidnapped, kidnap-kidnaping-kidnaped 这样的词还有：dial, equal, quarrel, cancel, model, label, fuel, refuel 等。2. 以-ee 结尾的动词，直接加-ing: agree-agreeing; see-seeing3. 少数动词的过去式和过去分词均有两种形式，可以通用，如：quit-quitted, quit; bet-betted, bet
5、; rid-ridded, rid; knit-knitted, knit; wet (弄湿)-wetted, wet; bid(吩咐，招标)-bid, bade24. 少数动词的过去式和过去分词有英美两种拼法英国拼法以-t 结尾，美国拼法则以-ed 结尾。如：burn-burnt-burnt(英); burn-burned-burned(美); lean-leant-leant; lean-leaned-leaned; dream-dreamt-dreamt; dream-dreamed-dreamed; learn-learnt-learnt; learn-learned-learned;
6、 leap-leapt-leapt; leap-leaped-leaped; spell-spelt-spelt; spell-spelled-spelled; spill-spilt-spilt; spill-spilled-spilled; smell-smelt-smelt; smell-smelled-smelled四、练习1写出下列不规则动词的过去式、过去分词和现在分词。1AAA 型原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 bet _ _ _bid _ _ _broadcast _ _ _burst _ _ _cast _ _ _cost _ _ _cut _ _ _hit _ _ _hur
7、t _ _ _let _ _ _put _ _ _原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 quit _ _ _read _ _ _rid _ _ _shut _ _ _spread _ _ _upset _ _ _knit _ _ _set _ _ _spit _ _ _split _ _ _sweat _ _ _2. ABB 型awake _ _ _bend _ _ _bind _ _ _bleed _ _ _bless _ _ _bring _ _ _build _ _ _burn _ _ _3buy _ _ _catch _ _ _cling _ _ _clothe _ _ _creep _
8、_ _crow _ _ _deal _ _ _dig _ _ _dream _ _ _feed _ _ _feel _ _ _fight _ _ _find _ _ _flee _ _ _forecast _ _ _get _ _ _hang _ _ _hang _ _ _have _ _ _hear _ _ _hide _ _ _hold _ _ _inlay _ _ _keep _ _ _kneel _ _ _lay _ _ _lead _ _ _lean _ _ _leave _ _ _lend _ _ _lie _ _ _light _ _ _light _ _ _lose _ _ _
9、make _ _ _mean _ _ _meet _ _ _melt _ _ _mislead _ _ _misunderstand _ _ _pay _ _ _rebuild _ _ _rend _ _ _repay _ _ _retell _ _ _say _ _ _seek _ _ _sell _ _ _send _ _ _shoot _ _ _4sink _ _ _sit _ _ _sleep _ _ _slide _ _ _sling _ _ _smell _ _ _speed _ _ _spell _ _ _spend _ _ _spill _ _ _spin _ _ _spoil
10、 _ _ _stand _ _ _stick _ _ _sting _ _ _string _ _ _weep _ _ _win _ _ _wind _ _ _3ABC 型arise _ _ _awake _ _ _bear _ _ _begin _ _ _bid _ _ _bite _ _ _blow _ _ _break _ _ _choose _ _ _do _ _ _draw _ _ _drink _ _ _drive _ _ _eat _ _ _fall _ _ _fly _ _ _forbid _ _ _foresee _ _ _forget _ _ _forgive _ _ _f
11、reeze _ _ _get _ _ _give _ _ _go _ _ _grow _ _ _hide _ _ _know _ _ _lie _ _ _5mistake _ _ _prove _ _ _ride _ _ _ring _ _ _rise _ _ _see _ _ _sew _ _ _shake _ _ _shave _ _ _show _ _ _shrink _ _ _sing _ _ _sow _ _ _speak _ _ _spring _ _ _strike _ _ _steal _ _ _swear _ _ _withdraw _ _ _write _ _ _striv
12、e _ _ _swell _ _ _take _ _ _tear _ _ _swim _ _ _throw _ _ _undergo _ _ _undertake _ _ _undo _ _ _wake _ _ _wear _ _ _weave _ _ _4ABA 型become _ _ _run _ _ _come _ _ _overcome _ _ _5AAB 型beat _ _ _2写出下列规则动词的过去式、过去分词和现在分词。1. adapt_ _ _2. cup_ _ _3. drag_ _ _4. equip_ _ _65. fit_ _ _6. jam_ _ _7. permit
13、_ _ _8. map_ _ _9. open_ _ _10. plan_ _ _11. occur_ _ _12. refer_ _ _13. suffer_ _ _14. prohibit_ _ _15. regret_ _ _16. rot_ _ _17. skip_ _ _18. stop _ _ _19. trap_ _ _20. adopt_ _ _21. chat_ _ _22. welcome_ _ _23. dip_ _ _24. fix_ _ _25. credit_ _ _26. kid_ _ _27. limit_ _ _28. nod_ _ _29. plot_ _ _30. prefer_ _ _31. pin_ _ _32. stir_ _ _33. offer_ _ _34. rob_ _ _35. sob_ _ _36. step _ _ _37. spot_ _ _38. wrap_ _ _
