1、动词时态和语态教案徐红平2012-91动词时态和语态目标：1. 掌握英语的八种基本时态和几种常考时态2. 了解并熟练掌握高考的几种热点时态3. 区分并正确运用几种易混时态一、英语的常见时态：一般 进行 完成 完成进行现在 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时过去 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时将来 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 /过去将来 过去将来时 / / /练兵场 稳操胜券1. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 1820.A. takes B. took C. will be
2、taken D. has taken答案 A解析: 飞机、火车等按时刻表运行，表达时用一般现在时表将来。2. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She_before.A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying答案 C解析: hadnt flown 动作发生在 was nervous 之前。3. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months
3、 andthen went to America.A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working答案 A解析: 考查一般过去时的基本用法。句中并列连词 and 连接两个发生在过去的顺承的动作，时态应该一致。4. - Your job _ open for your return.2- Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept答案 A解析: keep the job/the position open 使工作、职位等处于空缺状态，
4、由句意“ 随时欢迎你回来工作” 可知用将来时。5. - _ you _ him around the museum yet?- Yes. We had a great time there.A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show答案 A解析: 此处表示说话者询问对方“有没有带领他参观博物馆”的结果，故用现在完成时。6. - I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.- Impossible. She _ TV with me in m
5、y home then.A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching答案 D解析: 考查动词时态。句意为：“我昨晚 8 点钟在公园看见简和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她当时正在我家和我一起看电视。” 此处时间状语为 then，指的是 at eight yesterday evening，指过去某一时间点正在进行的动作，故应用过去进行时态。7. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time.A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. woul
6、d sell答案 C解析: 由“were so.”可知此处用一般过去时态； flowers 应该是“被卖光”，故用被动形式。8. - Whats that noise?- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested答案 C解析: 根据一对一的问答可知，“机器正在被检测”，故选 C 项。9. In a room above the store，where a party _, some workers were b
7、usilysetting the table.3A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held答案 A解析: 考查动词的时态与语态。根据“some workers were busily setting the table”判断，聚会还没举行，应用将来时态，且整个句子用了过去时，故用过去将来时态。10. - I have got a headache.- No wonder. You _ in front of that computer too long.A. work B. are working C.
8、 have been working D. worked答案 C解析: 考查动词的时态。由“I have got a headache”可知，空处应用现在完成进行时表示动作“ 从过去开始持续至今且还会进行下去” ，体现过去开始的动作对现在的影响及结果。二、热点时态: 一般过去时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去进行时 1. I _ you not to move my dictionary-now I cannot find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked2. - The window is dirty.- I know. It _ f
9、or weeks.A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clear C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned3. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating4. - Has Sam finished his homework today?- I have no idea. He _ it this morning.A. did
10、 B. has done C. was doing D. had done5. - Have you decided already?- Yes, I_ at once.- Yes, I_ already.A. have decided B. decided C. will decide D. had decided三、易混时态辨析:1.一般现在时和现在进行时1). Listen to the two girls by the window. What language _ they _ (speak)?2). I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent ha
11、d time to play since the new year.4A. will play B. have played C. played D. play一般现在时指经常性，习惯性的动作；而现在进行时则表示此刻或近一段时间正在进行的动作。2. 一般过去时和过去进行时1). He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will f
12、inish 过去进行时表当时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。2). As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 长动作在进行时 ,被一个短动作打断 ,长动作用进行体 ,短动作用一般体。一般过去时表示一个已经完成的动作或过去习惯性的动作，过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作，具有持续和未完成的含义。3. 一般过去时与现在完成时1). I _ (live) there for six years
13、 when I was a kid.2). He _ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. was living3). When I was at college I _ three foreign languages but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgottenC. had spoken; had f
14、orgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten二者所表示动作均发生在过去。一般过去时仅指动作在过去发生了，对现在没有影响；现在完成时的动作虽发生在过去，但影响到现在仍然存在。四、 挑战高考 信心满满1. Ladies and gentlemen， please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off答案 B解析: 考查动词的时态。动词 go，come，leave 及词组 take off 等用现在进行时表示将要发生的
15、动作。52. John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he _ for the wedding.A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned答案 D解析: plan 表示的动作发生在 spend 这一过去动作之前，故应该用过去完成时。句意为：我的朋友约翰上周结婚了，婚礼花去了 3 000 美元，超过了原计划。3. - Did you see a man in black pass by just now?- No,
16、 sir. I _ a newspaper.A. read B. was reading C. would read D. am reading答案 B解析: 由 just now 判断应用过去时态，又由语境“穿黑衣服的人路过时，我正在看报，所以没看见他” 知空处要用过去进行时。4. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there several years ago.A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been答案 C解析: 句中 several years ago 是一般过去时的标
17、志。5. - Have you got any job offers?- No. I _.A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting答案 D解析: 句意为：“有人给你提供工作了吗？”“ 没有，我正在等着。”用现在进行时态表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。6. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _ safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive答案 B句意: 当你到家的时
18、候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。解答：根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B 选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“ 已经 ”。同时也可以使用排除法， arrive 既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用 will + do 表示将来，因此 A 和 D 同时排除，C 为过6去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此 C 也排除，选择 B.7. - Tommy is planning to buy a car.- I know. By next month, he _ enough
19、 for a used one.A. saves B .saved C. will save D. will have saved答案 D解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“Tommy 将计划买车。 我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month 是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来 next month 之前完成“积攒足够钱” 的动作，对将来的时间 next month 产生影响，能买一辆旧车。故选 D。8. - That must have been a long trip.- Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get there.A.
20、takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking答案 C解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“那一定是长途旅行。是的，我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中 must have done 是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情况，排除 A 和 B，D 项 was taking 进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此选 C。9. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _ there.A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D
21、. has lain答案 A解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“当 Alice 苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to 苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选 A。10. Planning so far ahead _ no sense-so many things will have changed by next year.A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made答案 C解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。” 前句表示现在的情况 make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果7will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making 和 has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选 C。教学反思：
