1、Module 1 Travel in time and spaceM1U1 Past and present一、重难点：现在完成时（主要关注动词的词型变化）一般现在使过去时现在完成时二、知识点解读1、 used to do 过去常常做某事例：You used to share food with me. 你过去常和我分享食物。be used to doing sth = be used for doing sth 习惯做某事例： I am used to living in the town. 我已经习惯住在小镇上了。2、 turn into 使成为例：Turn part of the tow
2、n centre into a new park. 将市中心的一部分变成新的公园。变为例：Turn lakes into fields. 围湖造田3、 put into把垃圾放进例：put the waste into the river. 将垃圾倒入河中。使进入例：put into practice 实行4、 marry过去式 yi+edmarried 名词 marriageget married = be married 结婚例：How long have you been married ? 你结婚多长时间了。Marry sb 与某人结婚例：Marry me 我们结婚吧Take in m
3、arriage例：Would you like to take in marriage with me. 嫁给我可以吗？5、 move away 离开 搬走例：I moved two blocks away. 我搬到两个街区以外的地方。Most of my old friends have moved away. 我们的大多数老朋友已经搬走。6、 in some ways “在某种程度上；在某些方面”例：Well, in some ways it is. 恩，在某种程度上是这样的。In some ways I agree with you. 在某种程度上我同意你的观点。7、 lonely 形容
4、词：寂寞的，偏僻的例：feel lonely 感到寂寞She has a soft place in her heart for all lonely people. 她同情所有孤独的人。alone 副词：独自的例：She has lived alone in this house for almost five years now. 他已经独自在这所房子里住了差不多五年了。8、 from time to time 不是，有时例：Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. 现在我市场感到孤独。We have not seen each other fo
5、r a long time, but we send emails from time to time. 我们已经好久没见过彼此了，但是我们时常用电子邮件联系。9、 keep in touch = stay in touch 保持联系例：So how do you keep in touch with each other ？那你们是如何保持联系的呢？Please stay in touch with me while you are In Beijing. 你在北京请和我保持联系。三、语法解释现在完成时（present perfect tense）我们用现在完成过时表示从过去持续到现在的动作
6、或状态；或已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作。例：He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. 自从来到南京，他就一直住在这里。 （从过去持续到现在）I have lost my mobile phone. 我的手机丢了。 （已完成但对现在有一定影响）现在完成时常和 already, ever, just, never, recently, yet 等副词以及 since, for 引导的时间状语连用。Already 常用于肯定句，意思“已经” Yet 常用于否定句和疑问句，意思“还”例：He has already taken first prize t
7、wice. 他已经得过两次一等奖了。He has not returned the book to me yet. 他还没有把那本书还给我。现在完成时的动词构成：have/has + 动词的过去分词过去分词的变化：（大多数的过去分词变化的形式同动词的过去式，可参照动词的过去式变化规则。 ）不规则动词的过去分词变化方法：（1）原形、过去式、过去分词相同（A-A-A 型）：cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/broadcast/burst/read/set/shut/spread/thrust/upset（2）原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同（A-A-B 型）：beat/beat/b
8、eaten（3）原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同（A-B-A 型）：come/came/come become/became/becomerun/ran/run overcome/overcame/overcome（4）原形不同，过去式，过去分词相同(A-B-B)：1.在动词原形后加一个辅动词 d 或 t 构成过去式或过去分词。2.把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或 过去分词。3.其他feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/sleptleave/left/left smell/smelt/smeltkeep/kept/kept creep/crept/crep
9、tkneel/knelt/knelt sweep/swept/sweptspell/spelt/spelt weep/wept/weptcatch/caught/caught fight/fought/fought teach/taught/taught think/thought/thoughtstand/stood/stood lay/laid/laidunderstand/understood/understood pay/paid/paidbleed/bled/bled say/said/saidfeed/fed/fed stick/stuck/stucklead/led/led st
10、rike/struck/struckmeet/met/met tell/told/toldlearn/learnt/learnt sell/sold/soldlearn/learned/learned win/won/wonburn/burnt/burnt wind/wound/woundburn/burned/burned have（has）/had/haddeal/dealt/dealt hear/heard/heardmean/meant/meant lean/leant/leantdream/dreamt/dreamt lean/ leaned/leanedbend/bent/bent
11、 shine/shone/shonebuild/built/built shoot/shot/shotlend/lent/lent show/showed/shown，spend/spent/spent show/showed/showedflee/fled/fled sit/sat/satspeed/sped/sped lose/lost/lostspeed/speeded/speeded dig/dug/dugspit/spit/spit hold/held/heldspit/spat/spat get/got/got（AmE gotten）bring/brought/brought fi
12、nd/found/foundlight/lit/lit make/made/madelight/lighted/lighted buy/bought/bought（5）现在式，过去式，过去分词都不同（A-B-C 型）：1.在动词原形后加-n 或-en 构成过去分词。2.过去式家-n 或-en 构成过去分词。3.变单词在重读音节中的的元音字母“i”分别为“a” （过去式）“u”（过去分词）。drive/drove/driven blow/blew/blownrise/rose/risen fly/flew/flownwake woke/woken grow/grew/growndo/did/do
13、ne know/knew/knowngo/went/gone throw/threw/thrownsee/saw/seen prove/proved/proveneat/ate/eaten break/broke/brokenfall/fell/fallen choose/chose/chosengive/gave/given freeze/froze/frozenshake/shook/shaken speak/spoke/spokentake/took/taken steal/stole/stolenmistake/mistook/mistaken weave/wove/wovenforb
14、id/forbad/forbidden begin/began/begunforget/forgot/forgotten drink/drank/drunkride/rode/ridden ring/rang/runghide/hid/hidden sing/sang/sungwrite/wrote/written sink/sank/sunkwear/wore/worn swim/swam/swum（6）相同动词因其过去式、过去分词有两形式而产生不同词义：speed 过去式、过去分词有两种：sped/sped 快行 speeded/speeded 加速light 过去式，过去分词有两种：li
15、t/lit 点着（表语） lighted/lighted 供电，点燃的（定语）shine 过去式、过去分词有两种：shone/shone/照耀 shined/shined 擦亮hang 过去式、过去分词有两种：hung/hung 悬挂 hanged/hanged 绞死（7）drunken，stricken，sunken 已转为形容词常作定语a sot 酒鬼 in amanner 摇摇晃晃地（8）lie 躺卧 lay/lain/lying（现在分词）lie 撒谎 lied/lied/lyinglay 放，下蛋 laid/laid/laying（9）come，become，overcome 属不规
16、则变化，但 welcome 属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed ，welcomed（10）fly，blow 不是规则变化，但 flow（流）是规则变化，过去式、过去分词为flowed， flowed.（11） find 发现 found foundfound 创建 founded foundedwind 绕 wound woundwound 伤害 wounded woundedsee 看见 saw seensaw 锯 sawed sawedbear 作“ 出生”， 过去分词有两种：born ，borne，borne 用于 have 之后及带有 by 的被动句中；born 用于
17、be born in/on/at 中。作“出生”，以外意义，其形式为 bear/bore/borne 忍受。M1U2 Travelling一、重难点现在完成时（have/has gone and have/has been 的用法比较）二、知识点解读1、 be going to do 正打算做某事例：I am going to South Hill for my holiday. 我正准备去南山度假。2、 fun 名词：乐趣，玩笑，有趣的人或事例：We have fun on Space Mountain. 我们在太空山玩的很开心。形容词：供娱乐的例：It could be fun to wa
18、tch them. 看他们会是很有乐趣的。It was a fun evening. 那是个令人愉快的夜晚。3、 run after 追赶例：I ran after them and couldnt stop taking photos. 我跟着他们跑忍不住一直拍照。Look, the dog is running after the rabbit. 看这条狗正在追那只兔子。4、 can not stop doing sth 忍不住做某事例：I couldnt stop taking photos. 我忍不住一直在拍照。We could not stop laughing when we wa
19、tched Tom and Jerry. 我们再看猫和老鼠时忍不住一直大笑。5、a couple of 表示不确定的几个例：a couple of minutes 几分钟表示“两个”例：I saw a couple of men get out. 我看见又两个男人出去了。5、 in any season 在任何季节例：She can visit museums in any season. 她可以在任何季节参观博物馆。6、 plan 打算plan to do = have/has plans to do 打算做某事例：Do you have any plans for the May Day
20、holiday? 你五一有什么打算那?Do you plan to do something at May Day holiday? 你五一有什么打算那？7、 business名词：生意，商业，交易，事物，职责，企业例：to run a business 经营一家企业on business 出差business is business 公事公办none of your business 不管你的事8、 flight 飞行，班机，逃走例：We are going to take a direct flight to Chengdu. 我们乘坐直达航班去程度。9、 leave for 离开leav
21、e for 是出发至某处 例: He left for Beijing yesterday. leave sth for sb 是把什么留给什么人 例：She left these flowers for you. leave sb for sb 是离开什么人去和什么人在一起 例：He left his wife for a young lady. leave sth to do sth 是指为做某事离开某处 例：He left her house to catch the last bus. leave sb doing sth 是让某人单独做某事 例：Dont leave your chi
22、ldren playing with fire.10、three and a half hours 三个半小时还可以表达成 three hours and a halfone and a half hours 一个半小时 还可以表达成 one hour and a half三、语法解释1、 have/has been 和 have/has gone 的用法我们用 have/has been 表示某人曾经去过某地，并且已经回来。例：He has been to the Great Wall twice. 他曾经去过长城两次。We have never been to South Hill. 我们
23、还从来没有去过南山。我们用 have/has gone 表示某人已经去了某地，但还没有回来。例：He has gone to London. He will be back in two weeks. 他已经去了伦敦了。他将在两周之后回来。Is tom at home ? 汤姆在家吗？No, he isnt. He has gone to the cinema.不在。他去看电影了。2、 for 和 since 连用的动词现在完成时常和 for 或 since 引导的表示一段时间的时间状语连用。例：He has been away from China for two years. 他已经离开中
24、国两年了。He has lived in Nanjing since 2010. 自 2010 年以来，他一直住在南京。注意：在带有一段时间状语的现状完成时的肯定句中，我们要有延续性动词，而不能用短暂性动词。短暂性动词 延续性动词 现在完成时构成catch a cold have a cold have had a coldbuy have have hadopen be open have been openclose be closed have been closedfall in be ill have been illfall asleep be asleep have been a
25、sleepM1U3 Online tours一、重难点一般过去时和现在完成时的区别补充关于电脑的词汇二、知识点解读(一)、重点短语1、look like 看起来像（问外貌）例：What does your sister look like ? 你姐姐长什么样子？回答：She is tall. She has long black hair. She is very beautiful.be like 像（问性格，有时候既问性格也问外貌）例：Whats your sister like? 你的姐姐怎么样？/你姐姐是怎样的一个人？回答：She is kind.她很善良。 She is a beau
26、tiful kind girl with long hair and two big eyes.她是一个长发大眼漂亮又善良的女孩。2、chat with sb 和某人聊天例：I want to chat with my friends. 我想和我的朋友聊天。3、play games 打游戏注意球类和乐器类之间冠词 the 的用法例：play table tennis 打乒乓球 play the piano 谈钢琴3、 at the top of 在的顶端at the bottom of 在的底部（互为反义词）例：Have you noticed the “tour” icon at the t
27、op of the page? 你有没有注意到“旅游”图标在页面的顶部。4、 further on 进一步，再一步，向前 例：Further on is Times Square. 向前一步是时代广场。5、 thousands of 成千上万的，数以千计的例：thousands of people 成千上万的人two thousand of people 两千人6、 come from 来自于，出生于例：I come from Jiangsu SuQian. 我来自己江苏省宿迁市。The song “Memory” comes from the musical Cats. 这首 Memory
28、来自歌剧猫中。7、 the early twentieth century 二十世纪早期the late twentieth century 二十世纪晚期8、 made up 补足 例：We need $50 to make up the sum required. 我们需要五十元以补足所需要的数目。 编造 例：The whole story is made up. 整个故事完全是虚构出来的。 组成 例：The medical team was made up of twelve doctors. 医疗队由十二名医生组成。be made up of 由组成例：Our class is made
29、 up of 30 students. 我们的班级由 30 人组成。9、 famous be famous for 因而著名例：Beijing is famous for many places of interest. 北京以许多名胜古迹而出名。be famous as 作为是出名的例：He is famous as a writer.作为一个作家他是有名气的（二） 、重点句型1、What do you usually use your computer for?-I usually use it to search for information.句型：Whatfor? = why? 为什
30、么， ， ，？例：What did you do that for? = Why did you do that? 你为什么做那件事那？2、With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, its a good place to relax after a hard days work.公园内有几片湖水，几座小山以及一大片绿草坪，是人们辛苦工作一天后放松的好去处。句型：With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn 为介词短语，起副词作用。With 的意思是有“带有，伴有”的意思。例：With
31、a smile on his face, he came into the classroom. 他面带微笑走进了教室。3、Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour?请你展示一下如何开始这个在线旅游好吗？句型：Would you mind doing ? 可用于客气的情人做某事。例：Would you mind explaining the sentence again？ 你请在解释一下这句话行吗？4、Thanks for your help. 感谢你的帮助句型：对感谢的回答You are welcome. 不用谢。 It
32、was my pleasure. 不用谢。 .Dont mention it. 不用谢。 Not at all. 不用谢。 You are welcome. 不用谢。 Thats all right,，youre welcome. 算不了什么，不用谢 Forget it 不用谢，我不要任何报酬，不用记在心上。5、there be 句型（一） 、构成：There be .句型表示的是 “某处有(存在) 某人或某物”，其结构为 There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+ 地点状语。例如：There are fifty-two students in our class.Ther
33、e is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.（二） 、各种句式：否定句：There be 句型否定句式的构成和含有 be 动词的其它句型一样，在 be 后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即： no + n.（名词）= not aanany + n.（名词） 。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not aan + n.（可数名词单数） ；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数） ；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any +
34、 n.（不可数名词） 。例如：There is an orange in her bag.There isnt an orange in her bag.There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.There arent any oranges in her bag.There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.There isnt any juice in the bottle.There is no juice in th
35、e bottle.一般疑问句：There be 结构的一般疑问句变化只需把 be 动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：There is some money in her handbag. Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some 改为 any, something 改为anything.)There is something new in todays newspaper.There isnt anything new in todays newspaper.Is there anything new in todays new
36、spaper?特殊疑问句： There be 句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Whos + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “Whats + 介词短语?”。其中 there 在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用 be 的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定 )。如： There is a bird in the tree. Whats in the tree? There are some bikes over there. Whats over there?There is a little girl in the ro
37、om. Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如： There is a computer in my office. Where is the computer? -Its in my office. There are four children in the classroom. Where are the four children?They re in the classroom. 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 +
38、 are there + 介词短语？”表示：There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?There is only one book in my bag. How many books are there in your bag?There is a cat in the box. How many cats are there in the box?如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：There is some money
39、in my purse. How much money is there in your purse?反意疑问句：There be 或 There 加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用there? 例如：There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isnt there?There used to be no school here, used there did there? （三） 、注意事项：1. There be 句型中 be 动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be 动词用“is”“was”。例如
40、：There is a basketball in the box. There is a little milk in the glass. 如果句子的主语是复数名词，be 动词就用“are” “were” 。例如：There are many birds in the tree. There were many people in the street yesterday. 如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be 动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：There is an orange and some bananas in the basket
41、. There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. 2. There 与 be 中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时 be going to will、现在完成时 havehas + pp. 、used to 结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：There must be a pen in the box.There happened to be some money in my pocket. There is going
42、 to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church across from the bank.3. There be 句型和 havehas 的区别：There be 句型表示 “存在有”, havehas 表示 “拥有” “ 所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.我有三本书. I have three books.4. There be + 主语 + doing +介
43、词短语. 例如：There is a truck collecting rubbish outside.There is a wallet lying on the ground二、语法解释一般现在时和现在完成时的区别。（一） 、概念不同： 一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力及自然现象。而现在进行时表示说话时（瞬间）正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。如： She often does her homework in the evening. 她经常在晚上做作业。 She is doing her homework now. 现在她正在做作业。
44、 （二） 、在构成方式上的不同： 一般现在时中谓语动词的构成有以下三种情况： be 动词的一般现在时形式：am，is ，are. 动词 have 的一般现在时形式：have，has. 其他行为动词的一般现在时形式有动词原形或第三人称单数形式。 而现在进行时中谓语动词的构成是：am/is/are+动词的-ing 形式（现在分词） 。 （三） 、时间状语不同： 一般现在时的时间状语主要有：always，usually ，often，sometimes，never，every day/week/month/year，on Sundays，in the morning/afternoon/evenin
45、g 等； 现在进行时的时间状语主要有：now ，these days，this week，at the moment 等，有时句首有“Look ！ ”、 “Listen！” 或 “Its+时刻” 等词、句存在。如： We play football in the afternoon.我们在下午踢足球。 （一般现在时） My mother is reading a newspaper now. 我妈妈正在看报纸。 （现在进行时） M1U4A good read一、重难点1、 疑问词+动词不定式的用法2、 Must/have to 的用法二、知识点解读1、 useto do sth 利用什么做某事
46、例：I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. 我不得不使用它们来获得拿到在冰箱上的盒子。2、 be interested in 对感兴趣后面接名词 be interested in sth 例：I am interested in history books. 我对历史课本比较感兴趣。后面接动词 ing 形式例：I am interested in playing computer games. 我对打电脑游戏比较感兴趣。3、 in ones spare time 在某人的空闲时间例：I like reading novels in
47、my spare time. 我喜欢在我的空闲时间读小说。4、 be tired out 筋疲力尽例：After the hard work, I was tired out. 在辛苦的工作之后我感到筋疲力尽。5、 fall down掉下，落下，跌倒： 例：The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg.老妇跌倒在大街上，摔坏了腿。拜倒，跪倒： 例：They fell down before him.他们拜倒在他面前。倒塌： 例：The old house soon fell down.这座老房很快就倒塌了。毫无结果，(在方面)失败
48、( 常与 on，in 连用)；被表明为不正确、不足或不妥；证明是不令人满意的(或不切合实际)： 例：Your plan fell down when it proved too costly.你的计划是不切合实际的，因为它被证实耗资太大。6、 wake up 起床例：I usually wake up as the sun was rising. 我一般在太阳升起的时候起床。7、 move up使升级；提升，升职： 例：Shes learnt so fast that we can now move her up to a more advanced class.她学习得很快，我们可以把她提升到一个更高的班上去。例：Mr Smith was moved up from an editor to editor in chief.史密斯先生从编辑提升为总编辑。(股票等) 升值；上升；向上浮动： 例：Th
