1、七、状语从句定义：状语从句指句子用作状语，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据英语中状语的分类，我们将状语从句分为九种：时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较状语从句。第一节：状语从句的分类1. 时间主状语从句。常 用 关 系 词 ： when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特 殊 关 系 词 ： the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day， the instant, immediately
2、, directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely whena. I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.b. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.c. The children ran away from the orchard, the moment they saw the guard.d. No sooner had I arrived home, then it began to ra
3、in.e. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2 地 点 状 语 从 句常 用 关 系 词 ： where特 殊 关 系 词 ： wherever, anywhere, everywherea. Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.b. Wherever you go, you should work hard.3 原 因 状 语 从 句常 用 关 系 词 ： because, since, as, for特 殊 关 系 词
4、 ： seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.a. My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.b. Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference.c. The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.d. Considering that he i
5、s no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4 目 的 状 语 从 句常 用 关 系 词 ： so that, in order that特 殊 关 系 词 ： lest, in case, for fear that， in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thata. The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign the
6、m.b. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5 结 果 状 语 从 句常 用 关 系 词 ： so that, such that,特 殊 关 系 词 ： such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,a. He got up so early that he caught the first bus.b. Its such a good ch
7、ance that we must not miss it.c. To such an degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.6 条 件 状 语 从 句常 用 关 系 词 ： if, unless,特 殊 关 系 词 ： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition thata. Well start our project if the president agrees.b. You
8、will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.c. Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7 让 步 状 语 从 句a. 常 用 关 系 词 ： though, although, even if/even though特 殊 关 系 词 ： as(用 在 让 步 状 语 从 句 中 必 须 要 倒 装 )， while ( 一般 用 在 句 首 )， no matter ， in spite of the fact that, whi
9、le, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever, whether.a. Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.b. The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.c. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.d. He wont listen whatever you may say.8
10、比 较 状 语 从 句常 用 关 系 词 ： as(同 级 比 较 ), than(不 同 程 度 的 比 较 )特 殊 关 系 词 ： the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as C is to D; no more than; not A so much as Ba. She is as bad-tempered as her mother.b. The house is three times as big as ours.c. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
11、d. Food is to men what oil is to machine.9 方 式 状 语 从 句常 用 关 系 词 ： as, as if, how特 殊 关 系 词 ： the way (也 可 以 认 为 是 in the way that-同 位 语 从 句 )a. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.b. She behaved as if she were the boss.c. Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.第二讲：状语从句选择关系词的
12、公式高中阶段的状语从句比较简单。从高中水平来讲：缺少状语部分的句子，无论是主句还是从句，它们都是完整的句子（完整句子的概念在第一章有详细讲解） 。因此，状语从句的选词公式为：1. 判断主从句是否完整，如果完整即为状语从句。2. 根据句意个关系词的意思和功能选择合适的关系词。第三讲：实战演练1. After the war, a new school building was put up _there had once been a theatre. (全国卷 1996)A. that B. when C. which D. where 2. _, mother will wait for f
13、ather to have dinner together. (全国卷 1997)A. However late is he B. However late he is C. However is he late D. However he is late3. Why do you want a new job _youve got such a good one already? (全国卷 1998)A. that B. where C. which D. when4. Im going to the post office. _youre there, can you get me som
14、e stamps? (全国卷 1999)A. As B. While C. Because D. If 5. _youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. (全国卷 1999)A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as6. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again.(全国卷 1999)A. when B. where C. there D. which7. Well have t
15、o find the job, _. (全国卷 1999)A. long it takes however B. it takes however long C. long however it takes D. however long it takes8. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _I could answer the phone. (全国卷 2000)A. as B. since C. until D. before 9. The WTO cannot live up to his
16、 name _it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. (全国卷 2000) A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 10. John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out_ he phones. (2000 春季招生)A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that11. It is generally believed that teaching is
17、 _ it is a science. (全国卷 2001)A. an art much as B. much as an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as12. The men will have to wait all day _the doctor works faster. (2001 春季招生)A. if B. unless C. where D. that13. -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? -Yes, I gave it to her _
18、I saw her. (2001 春季招生)A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once14. _ can you expect to get a pay rise. (2001 春季招生)A. With a hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard15. John shut everybody out of his kitchen _he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
19、(全国卷 2002)A. which B. when C. so that D. as if 16. He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. (2002 上海)A. as B. until C. while D. when 17. We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. (2003 上海)A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious
20、 rush D. such an anxious rush18. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. (2003 上海)A. when B. unless C. after D. until 19. Dad, Ive finished my assignment Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me. (2003 上海)A. whenever B. whethe
21、r C. whatever D. no matter20. Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first thing next morning.（2003 安徽）A. so that B. because C. before D. or else21. Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students.（2003 安徽）A. unle
22、ss B. since C. although D. when22. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. (2003 北京)A. until B. when C. before D. as 23. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2003 北京)A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While24. Was his father very strict with
23、him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him_ he became one of the top students in his grade. (2003 春季招生)A. after B. unless C. until D. when25. Dont be afraid of asking for help _ it is needed. (全国卷 2003)A. unless B. since C. although D. when26. You can eat food free in my restaurant _ y
24、ou like. (重庆 2004)A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however27. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. (全国卷 2004-1）A. because B. so that C. even if D. as28. _you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre. (全国卷 2004-2)A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless29. S
25、everal weeks had gone by _I realized the painting was missing. (全国卷 2004-4)A. as B. before C. since D. when30. _ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. (2004 浙江)A. While B. Since C. As D. If 31We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm star
26、ted. (北京 2004 春季招生)A. when B. while C. until D. before32. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (北京 04 春季招生)A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 33. It was evening_ we reached the little town of Winchester. (天津 2004)A that B until C since D before34. I
27、 accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. (江苏 2004)A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless35. Scientists say it may be five or six years it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. (福建 2004)Asince Bafter Cbefore Dwhen 36. You should try to get a good nights sleep much
28、work you have to do. (湖北 2004)Ahowever Bno matter Calthough Dwhatever 37. We were told that we should follow the main road we reached the central railway station. (辽宁 2004) Awhenever Buntil Cwhile Dwherever 38. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _ she was bitten on the leg by
29、a lion. （上海 2004）A. when B. while C. since D. once 39. Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. （上海 2004）A. because B. through C. unless D. if 句子成分综合练习七:1 Science moves forward， they say，not so much through the insights of
30、great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.2 Over the years，tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.3. Galileos greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the
31、first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth.4. Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa（反之）often depends on the issue of which is
32、seen as the driving force.5. The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.1.他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。2.工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多年来在很大程度上被历史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。3.伽利略的最光辉业绩在于他在1609年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。4. 政府究竟是以减少对技术经费的投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动力量。5. 科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以精确而严谨解释的表达方式。
