1、形容词和副词高考单项空中的 10 大考点一、考查形容词和副词的基本用法形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。如：(1)Tom sounds very much _in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (2006 安徽)A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly解析：句中 sounds 意为“ 听起来”，是系动词，后接表语，要用形容词，排除 C 和 D；又因表示“对感兴趣” ，用 interested。答案是 A。(2)We
2、dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell_. (1995 上海)A. well; well B. bad; badly C. well; badly D. badly; bad解析：句意是：“我们不在乎猎狗闻 起来难闻，但是我们确实不希望它的嗅觉力差。”前者 smell 是系动词，后接形容词，后者 smell 是行为动词，用副词来修饰；此外 well 作形容词是表示人身体好、气色好，用在此句中不行，只能作副词用。答案是 B (3)These oranges taste _. (1991 全
3、国)A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well解析：因 taste(尝起来) 是系动词，后要接形容词作表语，故选 A。(4)What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!During the winter I like my house _.(2005 上海春)A. warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortableC. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable解析：在宾语后补语要用形容词。答案是 B。(5)She
4、doesnt speak _her friend, but her written work is excellent. (1993 全国)A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as解析：由语境可知，前一分句的意思是：“她不如她朋友说得好。” 修饰动词 speak，用副词 well。答案是 A。(6)He drives much _than he did three years ago. (1981 全国)A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully解析：
5、由 than 可知要用比较级，排除 A 和 B；修饰动词 drives 要用副词作状语，排除 C。答案是D。(7)_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004 上海春)A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange解析：由语境可知，选项是修饰整个句子的状语，应用副词，排除选项 C 和 D；又因 enough 修饰副词要放在所修饰的副词后，排除 B。答案是 A。二、考
6、查形容词作定语的后置规律形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置：形容词短语作定语时；表语形容词作定语时；修饰复合不定代词时。如：(8)_to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (2000 全国)A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave studentsC. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave解析：由 enough 要放在所修饰的形容词 brave 之后，排除选项 B
7、 和 D；brave enough 与后面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语，要放在所修饰的名词 students 之后，排除 A。答案是 C。(9) All the people _at the party were his supporters. (2002 北京)A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important解析：因为要在名词后作定语，选项中只有 present(出席的，在场的)这个表语形容词作定语才可以放在所修饰的名词后，故选 A。三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+ 程度副词+) 描绘+大小( 长短
8、、高低)+形状+年龄( 新旧)+ 颜色+ 国籍或产地+ 物质材料+类别或用途+名词。如：(10) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car. (2004 辽宁)A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white解析：large 是“大小”，German 是“产地”，white 是“颜色” ；其排列顺序应当是“大小+颜色+ 产地”。故选 B。(11)_ students are required to take par
9、t in the boat race. (2004 浙江)A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese解析：根据“限定词+形容词+名词”，数词属于限定词，选出 A 和 B 来；再根据“描绘(strong)+大小(young)+国籍(Chinese)” ，所以选 A。(12)The _house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years. (2004 江苏 )A. litt
10、le white wooden B. little wooden whiteC. white wooden little D. wooden white little解析：因为 little 是限定词，应放在形容词前面，排除 C 和 D；表示颜色的应放在表示物质材料的形容词的前面，所以只有 A 对。答案：A(13)This _girl is Lindas cousin. (2005 北京)A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish解析：pr
11、etty 是描绘性形容词，little 是表示大小的形容词，Spanish 是表示国籍的形容词，所以，它们的排序是 pretty little Spanish。答案是 A。注：限定词的排序：前位限定词 (指量限定词 all, both, half 等；倍数词 double, twice 等；分数词one-third, two-fifths 等) +中位限定词 (冠词，指示代词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格)+后位限定词 (序数词及 last, next 等；基数词及 few, several 等)。如：(14) The husband gave his wife _every month in
12、 order to please her. (2004 重庆)A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income解析：all 和 half 都是前位限定词，his 是中位限定词，所以 his 要位于 all 和 half 之后，故选 A。(15) How was your recent visit to Qingdao?It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _days at the seaside
13、. (1995 全国)A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last解析：sunny 与 day 的关系最密切，要紧靠 day，或者根据 last 和 few 是限定词，要放在描绘性形容词 sunny 的前面，排除选项 C 和 D；凭语感或由学过的 in the last few years 可知，last 要放在 few 前，排除选项 A。答案是 B。四、考查副词在句中的位置规律副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但 enough 却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。如：(16)A
14、lthough she did not know Boston well, she made her way _ to the Home Cirele Building. (2006 湖南)A. easy enough B. enough easy C. easily enough D. enough easily解析：因 make ones way to 是固定词组，意为“前往”，修饰动词 made 要用副词，排除选项 A 和 B；副词 enough 修饰形容词或副词，要放在后面，排除 D。答案是 C。(17) If I had _, Id visit Europe, stopping at
15、 the small interesting places. (1998 全国)A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough解析：形容词 long 要放所修饰的名词 holiday 前；副词 enough 要放在所修饰的 long 之后，故选 A。此外，频度副词 always, usually, often, never 等一般放在行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或 be 动词之后。表示方式的副词通常放在“动词(+宾语)”之后；同时有表示时
16、间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式地点时间。如：(18) _I went to the railway station to see my friend off. (1991 全国)A. After eating quickly my dinner B. After my quickly eating dinnerC. After eating my dinner quickly D. After eating my quickly dinner解析：quickly 是表方式的副词，通常位于 “动词(+ 宾语)”之后，故选 C。(19)Theyre not very good, but
17、 we like_. (2000 上海)A. anyway to play basketball B. to play basketball with them any wayC. to play with them basketball anyway D. with them to play basketball解析：like 后应直接接宾语 to play basketball，状语放在宾语后。答案是 B。(20) Will you give this message to Mr Baker, please?Sorry, I cant. He _. (1992 全国)A. doesnt a
18、ny more work here B. doesnt any longer here workC. doesnt work any more here D. doesnt work here any longer解析：doesnt 后应紧跟动词原形 work，排除选项 A 和 B；地点状语要放在时间状语前面，排除选项C。答案是 D。五、考查ed 形容词和-ing 形容词的区别-ed 形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到” ；-ing 形容词通常说明事物，意为“( 某事物) 令人”或“令人的( 事物)” 。如：(21) Laws that punish parents for their l
19、ittle childrens actions against the laws get parents _. (2004 重庆)A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry解析：表示人(parents)“ 感到忧虑的 ”用-ed 形容词作宾补，故选 A。(22)It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (2003 上海)A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interestedC. interested; be
20、interesting D. interesting; interest解析：前者是作表语，表示“(令人)有趣的” ，用 interesting，后者是在 will 后作谓语，用动词原形，表示“使(人)有趣” 是 interest。答案是 D。(23)Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (2003 京春)A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring解析：前空是“感到累”用 tired，后空是“令人厌倦的” 用 tiring。答案是
21、A。(24) Im very _with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.Mm, it does have a_ smell. (2002 春)A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant解析：表示“感到高兴”用 pleased；表示“令人愉快的” 用 pleasant。答案是 D。六、考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加 ly 构成的副词的区别。如：(25) It was
22、 raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _to her mother. (2002 北京)A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing解析：因紧靠母亲站着，是指实际距离近，用与形容词同形的副词 close，故选 A。选项 C 的 closely一般指抽象意义，如 listen closely(仔细听) 。七、考查形容词和副词的比较等级1. as+形容词/副词原级+as(26)A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and wind
23、s _ strong as 113 miles per hour. (2006 上海)A. too B. very C. so D. as解析：asas 固定搭配。答案是 D。 (27)John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. (2005 安徽)A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eightC. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as解析：as tall as five
24、 foot eight = as tall as five feet eight inches 高达五英尺八英寸。答案是 B。(28)John plays football_, if not better than, David. (1994 全国)A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as解析：句意是：“John 踢足球不比 David 更好，也会和他一样好。” 从结构上看，去掉插入语 if not better than，就更清楚地知道用 as well as，肯定句中不用 soas。答案是 B。2. not as/so+原级+as(
25、29) He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _a native speaker. (2004 上海)A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than解析：修饰动词 speaks 要用副词，排除 A 和 B；又因 than 前必须是比较级，排除 D；只有选项 C正确。(30)Do you have a big library?“No, we dontat least, not _yours. (1982 全国)A. bigger as
26、 B. as big as C. as big than D. as bigger than解析：由语境可知，是要表达“至少没有你们的图书馆那么大”，表示“不如”是“not as+原级+as”。答案是 B。3. as +形容词+(a/an+)名词+as(31) Our neighbour has _ ours. (2003 北京)A. as a big house as B. as big a house asC. the same big house as D. a house the same big as解析：由句式结构判断，选 B。(32)It is generally believe
27、d that teaching is _it is a science. (2001 全国)A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as解析：由固定搭配“as+ 形容词+(a/an+) 名词+as” 可排除选项 A，B 和 C。答案是 D。4. 比较级，A or B?(33)Which do you think tastes_, the chicken or the fish? (1986 全国)A. well B. good C. better D. best解析：两者之间比较，要用
28、比较级。答案是 C。5. 比较级+than (34)Did you take enough money with you?No, I needed _ I thought I would. (2006 全国 II)A. not so much as B. as much as C. much more than D. much less than解析：由 no 可知，“我需要的比我原来想会花掉的多得多。” 答案是 C。(35)Mr. Smith owns _collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met. (2005 山东)A. lar
29、ger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large解析：由 than 可知要用比较级，排除选项 D；又因 collection(收藏品)是可数名词，此处为单数又不是特指，要用不定冠词 a。答案是 B。(36)The number of people present at the concert was _than expected. There were many ticket left. (2004 福建)A. much smaller B. much more C. much larger D. many more解析：因为主语是“去参加音乐会的人的数量 ”，
30、而数量是讲大小，而不是多少的，排除 B 和 D；又由后文还“有很多票剩下，可见参加音乐会的人比原来预计的要少，所以选 A。答案是 A。(37)I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is _ than John. (2004 上海春)A. more efficiently a worker B. a more efficient workerC. more an efficient worker D. a worker more efficient解析：形容词(efficient)作定语应当是在名词(work)前冠
31、词(a)后， efficient 的比较级当然是在其前面加more。答案是 B。(38)Although Linda tried hard in the exam, she did _ than her brother. (2000 上海春)A. more badly B. much better C. much badly D. much worse解析：由 than 可知用比较级，排除选项 C；badly 的比较级是 worse，而不是在前面加 more，排除选项 A；由 although(虽然但是) 可知，她比她兄弟考得差，排除选项 B。答案是 D。(39)This year they
32、have produced _grain _they did last year. (1989 全国)A. as less; as B. as few; as C. less; than D. fewer; than解析：因 asas 之间要用原级，排除 A；又因 grain 是不可数名词，而 few 是要放在复数可数名词前的，排除 B 和 D。答案是 C。6. 隐含式比较级有时省略或不点明被比较的对象，而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象。(40)I wish youd do _ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
33、 (2006 江苏)A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more解析：由 more work 和后面一句可知前面是 less talking，排除 C 和 D；这是肯定句，修饰比较级不用 any，用 a bit 与 some 相对应。答案是 A。 (41)I dont think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen_ . (2006 江西)A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst解析：由前文“我认为这部电影不是最没趣的 ”
34、可知，“我看过( 比这部) 更差的电影”，省略了 than this one。答案是 B。 (42)That doesnt sound very frightening. Paul, Ive seen _. What did you like most about the film? (2004 湖南)A. better B. worse C. best D. worst解析：由前句“这听起来并不十分令人恐惧 ”可知，说话人曾见过比这个更令人恐惧的事，所以用比较级 worse。答案是 B。(43)John did badly in the sports meet. I did even_. (
35、1983 全国)A. worst B. more bad C. also badly D. worse解析：后面省略了 than he did，意为“ 我比他更差”。答案是 D。(44)Is your headache getting _?No, its worse. (2005 全国卷 III)A. better B. bad C. less D. well解析：由答语 No, its worse.可知问句中用 better，省略了 than before。答案是 A。(45)It takes a long time to go there by train; its _by road. (
36、1993 全国)A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker解析：由语境可知，句末省略了 than by train，用比较级。答案是 D。(46)The pianos in the other shop will be _, but_ (1990 全国)A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good解析：单音节词 cheap 的比较级不是在前面加 more 而是在后面加 er，排
37、除选项 B 和 D；又因asas 之间要用原级，排除 A。注意前空后省略了 than those in this shop，后空后省略了 as those in this shop。答案是 C。(47)If you dont like the red coat, take the blue one.Ok, but do you have _size in blue? This ones a bit tight for me. (1993 全国)A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger解析：由语境可知是问有没有比这件蓝色的更大尺过的蓝色衣服，用比
38、较级，排除选项 A 和 C；不是特指的不用 the，排除选项 D。答案是 B。(48)It there were no examinations, we should have _at school. (1994 全国)A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time解析：表示“过得愉快”，have a happy time 是固定习语，排除选项 A 和 C；more 不能修饰比较级，排除选项 B。答案是 D。(49)Boris has brains. In fact,
39、 I doubt whether anyone in the class has _IQ. (2002 全国)A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest解析：由语境可知句末省略了 than Boris，用比较级，排除选项 A 和 D；比他的智商更高的一个，不是特指不用 the，排除选项 C。答案是 B。(50)Professor White has written some short stories, but he is_ known for his plays. (1998 全国)A. the best B. more C. bet
40、ter D. the most解析：由语境可知他的戏剧比他的短篇小说更出名，用比较级，排除 A 和 D；又由 be well known 可知，用 better。答案是 C。(51)Many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs _ for the poor. (2001 京春 )A. more B. much C. many D. most解析：由语境可知，是需要比现在“更多的 canned food”，用比较级 more。答案是 A。(52)Mary kept weighing herself t
41、o see how much _ she was getting. (2004 全国)A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest解析：因为 Mary 经常称自己的重量是看看她这次又比上次重出了多少，所以用比较级。how much后不能再用 the。答案是 A。7. 否定式谓语+ 比较级：有最高级含义(53)Your story is perfect; Ive never heard _ before. (2006 全国 II)A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a g
42、ood one解析：相当于省略了 than your story。句意是“你的故事非常完美；我以前从没听说过比这更好的故事。”答案是 C。(54)How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _.(1996 全国)A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice解析：由语境可知后在省略了 than her voice，即“我从没听过比她的嗓音更优美的嗓音了。”用比较级，排除选项 B；不是特指的某个嗓音不用 the，排除选项 A 和 C。答案是 D。(55)
43、Did you enjoy yourself at the party?Yes. Ive never been to _one before. (2006 四川)A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting解析：由 yes 可知，“我从未参加过(比这个晚会) 更令人兴奋的一场晚会了。”指晚会是“ 令人兴奋的”，排除选项 A 和 B；由语境可知是隐含式比较级：以往经历过的任何一次与这一次晚会相比，排除 D。答案是 C。(56) Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91
44、 seconds, and I have not seen _ this year. (2005 浙江)A. the best B. better C. the most D. more解析：由语境判断后面省略了 than he did，故选 B。意为“我今年还没看到比他跑得更好成绩的人”。(57) Are you satisfied with her answer? Not at all. It couldnt have been _. (1997 上海)A. worse B. so bad C. better D. the worst解析：由 Not at all.和 couldnt 可知
45、，用“ 否定式谓语+比较级”来表示最差或最糟，“ 不可能有比这更糟的答案了”，故选 A。8. least +原级 (最不)(58) The salesman showed her several bags and she chose _one as she didnt want to spend too much time on it. (1991 上海)A. the less expensive B. less expensiveC. the least expensive D. least expensive解析：在 several bags 中选出一个最便宜的，要用最高级；又因作定语的最
46、高级形容词前必须用the，故选 C。(59)David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels_ desire to go to bed. (2005 江苏)A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least解析：因为 feel the least desire to go to bed 意为“完全不/一点也不想去睡觉”与前文的“ 他现在还非常兴奋 ”的语意一致。答案是 D。9. 最高级+of/ in(60) Greenland, _island in
47、the world, covers two million square kilometers. (2000 上海)A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D. the largest解析：选 D，the largest island in the world 是 Greenland 的同位语。若将选项 B 的 that 改为 which也对。(61)He made the _mistakes in the dictation exercise. (1985 全国)A. less B. least C. fewer D. fewest解析：修饰可数名词用 few 不用 little，排除 A 和 B；由 the 可知要用最高级，排除 C。答案是 D。(62)Four of Robert s children were at the party, including _Luke. (2003 京春)A. the oldest B. an oldest one C. the old D.
