1、动 词 过 去 式 的 构 成表 示 一 般 过 去 式 的 动 词 通 常 用 动 词 的 过 去 式 形 式 来 表 示 ， 而 动 词 的 过去 式 是 在 动 词 原 形 的 基 础 上 变 化 的 。 动 词 的 过 去 式 可 分 为 规 则 动 词 和 不 规则 动 词 。 规 则 动 词 的 过 去 式 变 化 如 下 ： 一 般 情 况 下 ， 动 词 词 尾 加 -ed ， 如 ： worked played wanted acted 以 不 发 音 的 -e 结 尾 动 词 ， 动 词 词 尾 加 -d， 如 ： lived moved decided declined
2、hoped judged raised wiped 以 辅 音 字 母 + y 结 尾 的 动 词 ， 把 -y 变 为 -i 再 加 -ed， 如 ： studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied以 一 个 辅 音 字 母 结 尾 的 重 读 闭 音 节 动 词 ， 双 写 词 尾 辅 音 字 母 ， 再 加 -ed， 如 ： stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注 ： 不 规 则 动 词 的 过 去 式 变 化 规 律 性 不
3、 强 ， 须 多 加 记 忆 。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew is/am-was are-were see-saw bring-brought 用 法 ：（ 1） 表 示 过 去 某 一 时 刻 或 某 一 段 时 间 内 所 发 生 的 动 作 或 情 况 ， 通 常 一般 过 去 式 带 有 表 示 动 作 时 间 状 语 的 词 ， 词 组 或 从 句 ,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等 ,上 下 文
4、 清 楚 时 可 以 不 带 时间 状 语 。 I worked in that factory last year. 去 年 我 在 那 一 家 工 厂 工 作 。I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨 天 我 们 去 了 天 龙 山 。 （ 2）一 般 过 去 时 态 ： 表 示 过 去 某 一 时 间 所 发 生 的 动 作 或 存 在 的 状 态 。 谓 语动 词 要 用 一 般 过 去 式 。时 间 标 志 ： yesterday（ 昨 天 ） , last week（ 上 周 ） , last month（ 上 个 月 ） , l
5、ast year（ 去 年 ） , two months ago（ 两 个 月 前 ） , the day before yesterday（ 前 天 ） ， in 1990 (在 1990 年 ), in those days （ 在 那 些 日 子 里 ） 等 表 示 过 去 的 时 间 状 语 。 如 ： I was born in 1990. (我 出 生 在 1990 年 )。 When did you go to the park? （ 你 是 什 么 时 候 去 的 公 园 ） 。 I went to the park last week. （ 我 是 上 周 去 的 公 园 ）
6、 在 上 面 的 句 子 中 第 一 句 属 于 be 动 词 的 一 般 过 去 时 态 ； 第 二 句 和 第 三 句属 于 实 义 动 词 的 一 般 过 去 时 态 。 1 Be 动 词 的 一 般 过 去 时 态 在 没 有 实 义 动 词 的 句 子 中 使 用 be 动 词 ， am is 的 过 去 式 为 was; are 的 过 去 式 为 were. 构 成 ： 肯 定 句 ： 主 语 +was (were) +宾 语 如 ： I was late yesterday. （ 昨 天 我 迟 到 了 。 ） 否 定 句 ： 主 语 +was (were) +not+宾 语
7、如 ： We werent late yesterday. (我 们 昨 天 没 迟 到 ) 疑 问 句 ： Was (Were) +主 语 +宾 语 如 ： Were you ill yesterday? （ 你 昨 天 病 了 吗 ？ ） 肯 定 回 答 ： Yes, I was. (是 的 ， 我 病 了 。 ) 否 定 句 ： No, I wasnt. (不 ， 我 没 病 。 ) 特 殊 疑 问 句 ： 特 殊 疑 问 词 +was (were) +主 语 +宾 语 如 ： When were you born? 你 是 什 么 时 候 出 生 的 ？读 法 ：规 则 动 词 词 尾
8、 加 -ed 有 三 种 读 音 ： 1. 在 清 辅 音 后 读 作 t。 如 ： asked, helped, watched, stopped 2. 在 浊 辅 音 和 元 音 后 读 作 d。 如 ： enjoyed, studied, moved, called 3. 在 t / d 后 读 作 id。 如 ： wanted, needed 不 规 则 动 词 的 过 去 式 大 体 上 归 纳 有 以 下 六 条 记 忆 法 ： 1. 以 t 结 尾 的 词 ， 过 去 式 与 原 形 相 同 。 如 ： putput, letlet, cutcut, beatbeat 2. 以
9、d 结 尾 的 词 ， 把 d 变 成 t。 如 :buildbuilt, lendlent, sendsent, spendspent 3. 以 n 结 尾 的 词 ， 在 词 后 加 t。 如 ： meanmeant, burnburnt, learnlearnt 4. 以 ow / aw 结 尾 的 词 ， 把 ow / aw 变 成 ew。 如 ： blowblew, drawdrew, knowknew, growgrew 5. 含 有 双 写 字 母 的 词 ， 将 双 写 改 为 单 写 ， 在 词 尾 加 t。 如 ： keepkept, sleepslept, feelfel
10、t, smellsmelt 6. 含 有 元 音 字 母 o / i 的 词 ， 将 o / i 变 成 a。 如 ： singsang, givegave, sitsat, drinkdrank 不 规 则 变 化 动 词 表 ：原 形 过 去 式 过 去 分 词abide abode,abided abode,alight arise arose arisenawake awoke， awaked awokenbe was, were been bear bore borne, born beat beat beaten become became become befall befell
11、 befallen beget begot begotten, begot begin began begun behold beheld beheld bend bent bent bereave bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft beseech besought, beseeched besought, beseeched beset beset beset bespeak bespoke bespoken, bespoke bespread bespread bespread bestrew bestrewed bestrewed, bestrewn b
12、estride bestrode bestridden, bestrid, bestrode bet bet, betted bet, betted betake betook betaken bethink bethought bethought bid bade, bid bidden, bid bide bode, bided bided bind bound bound bite bit bitten, bit bleed bled bled blend blended, blent blended, blent bless blessed, blest blessed, blest
13、blow blew blown break broke broken breed bred bred bring brought brought broadcast broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted browbeat browbeat browbeaten build built built burn burnt, burned burnt, burned burst burst burst buy bought bought can could - cast cast cast catch caught caught chide ch
14、id, chided chid, chidden, chided choose chose chosen cleave cleaved, cleft, clove cleaved, cleft cleave clave cloven cling clung clung clothe clothed, clad clothed, clad come came come cost cost cost creep crept crept crow crowed, crew crowed cut cut cut dare dared, durst dared deal dealt dealt dig
15、dug dug dispread dispread dispread do did done draw drew drawn dream dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt drink drank drunk drive drove driven dwell dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feed fed fed feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found flee fled fled fling flung flu
16、ng fly flew flown fly fled fled fly flied flied forbear forbore forborne forbid forbade, forbad forbidden forecast forecast, forecasted forecast, forecasted fordo fordid fordone forego forewent foregone foreknow foreknew foreknown forerun foreran forerun foresee foresaw foreseen foreshow foreshowed
17、foreshown foretell foretold foretold forget forgot forgotten, forgot forgive forgave forgiven forsake forsook forsaken forswear forswore forsworn freeze froze frozen gainsay gainsaid gainsaid get got got, gotten gild gilded, gilt gilded gird girded, girt girded, girt give gave given go went gone gra
18、ve graved graven, graved grind ground ground grow grew grown hamstring hamstringed, hamstrung hamstringed, hamstrung hang hung hung hang hanged hanged have had had hear heard heard heave heaved, hove heaved, hove hew hewed hewed, hewn hide hid hidden, hid hit hit hit hold held held hurt hurt hurt in
19、lay inlaid inlaid keep kept kept kneel knelt, kneeled knelt, kneeled knit knitted, knit knitted, knit know knew known lade laded laded, laden lay laid laid lead led led lean leaned, leant leaned, leant leap leapt, leaped leapt, leaped learn learnt, learned learnt, learned leave left left lend lent l
20、ent let let let lie lay lain light lit lit light lighted lighted lose lost lost make made made may might - mean meant meant meet met met melt melted melted, melten misdeal misdealt misdealt misgive misgave misgiven mislay mislaid mislaid mislead misled misled mistake mistook mistaken misunderstand m
21、isunderstood misunderstood mow mowed mowed, mown must must - ought ought - outbid outbade, outbid outbidden, outbid outbreed outbred outbred outdo outdid outdone outeat outate outeaten outfight outfought outfought outgo outwent outgone outgrow outgrew outgrown outlay outlaid outlaid outride outrode
22、outridden outrun outran outrun outsell outsold outsold outshine outshone outshone outshoot outshot outshot outsit outsat outsat outspend outspent outspent outspread outspread outspread outthrow outthrew outthrown outthrust outthrust outthrust outwear outwore outworn overbear overbore overborne overb
23、id overbid overbidden, overbid overblow overblew overblown overbuild overbuilt overbuilt overbuy overbought overbought overcast overcast overcast overcome overcame overcome overdo overdid overdone overdraw overdrew overdrawn overdrive overdrove overdriven overeat overate overeaten overfeed overfed o
24、verfed overfly overflew overflown overgrow overgrew overgrown overhang overhung overhung overhear overheard overheard overlade overladed overladed, overladen overlay overlaid overlaid overleap overleapt, overleaped overleapt, overleaped overlie overlay overlain overpay overpaid overpaid override ove
25、rrode overridden overrun overran overrun oversee oversaw overseen oversell oversold oversold overset overset overset oversew oversewed oversewed, oversewn overshoot overshot overshot oversleep overslept overslept overspend overspent overspent overspread overspread overspread overtake overtook overta
26、ken overthrow overthrew overthrown overwind overwound overwound overwrite overwrote overwritten partake partook partaken pay paid paid precast precast precast prechoose prechose prechosen prove proved proved, proven put put put quit quitted, quit quitted, quit read read read reave reaved, reft reave
27、d, reft rebuild rebuilt rebuilt recast recast recast reeve rove, reeved rove, reeved relay relaid relaid rend rent rent repay repaid repaid reset reset reset retell retold retold rid rid, ridded rid, ridded ride rode ridden ring rang rung rise rose risen rive riven riven, rived run ran run saw sawed
28、 sawn, sawed say said said see saw seen seek sought sought sell sold sold send sent sent set set set sew sewed sewn, sewed shake shook shaken shall should - shave shaved shaved, shaven shear sheared shorn, sheared shed shed shed shine shone, shined shone, shined shoe shod, shoed shod, shoed shoot sh
29、ot shot show showed shown, showed shred shredded, shred shredded, shred shrink shrank, shrunk shrunk, shrunken shrive shrove, shrived shriven, shrived shut shut shut sing sang, sung sung sink sank, sunk sunk, sunken sit sat sat slay slew slain sleep slept slept slide slid slid, slidden sling slung s
30、lung slink slunk slunk slit slit slit smell smelt, smelled smelt, smelled smite smote smitten, smote sow sowed sown, sowed speak spoke spoken speed sped, speeded sped, speeded spell spelt, spelled spelt, spelled spend spent spent spill spilt, spilled spilt, spilled spin spun spun spit spat, spit spa
31、t, spit split split split spoil spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiled spread spread spread spring sprang, sprung sprung stand stood stood stave staved, stove staved, stove steal stole stolen stick stuck stuck sting stung stung stink stank, stunk stunk strew strewed strewn, strewed stride strode stridden,
32、strid strike struck struck, stricken string strung strung strive strove, strived striven, strived swear swore sworn sweat sweat, sweated sweat, sweated sweep swept swept swell swelled swollen, swelled swim swam swum swing swung swung take took taken teach taught taught tear tore torn tell told told
33、think tought thought thrive throve, thrived thriven, thrived throw threw thrown thrust thrust thrust tread trod trodden, trod unbend unbent unbent unbind unbound unbound unbuild unbuilt unbuilt underbid underbid underbidden, underbid underbuy underbought underbought undercut undercut undercut underd
34、o underdid underdone underfeed underfed underfed undergo underwent undergone underlay underlaid underlaid underlet underlet underlet underlie underlay underlain underpay underpaid underpaid underrun underran underrun undersell undersold undersold underset underset underset undershoot undershot under
35、shot understand understood understood undertake undertook undertaken underwrite underwrote underwritten undo undid undone undraw undrew undrawn unfreeze unfroze unfrozen ungird ungirded, ungirt ungirded, ungirt unhang unhung unhung unknit unknitted, unknit unknitted, unknit unlade unladed unladed, u
36、nladen unlay unlaid unlaid unlearn unlearnt, unlearned unlearnt, unlearned unmake unmade unmade unreeve unrove, unreeved unrove, unreeved unsay unsaid unsaid unset unset unset unsling unslung unslung unspeak unspoke unspoken unstick unstuck unstuck unstring unstrung unstrung unswear unswore unsworn
37、unteach untaught untaught unthink unthought unthought untread untrod untrodden, untrod unweave unwove unwoven unwind unwound unwound upbuild upbuilt upbuilt upcast upcast upcast uphold upheld upheld uppercut uppercut uppercut uprise uprose uprisen upset upset upset upsweep upswept upswept upswing up
38、swung upswung wake waked, woke waked, woken, woke waylay waylaid waylaid wear wore worn weave wove woven wed wedded, wed wedded, wed weep wept wept wet wetted, wet wetted, wet will would - win won won wind winded, wound winded, wound wit wist wist withdraw withdrew withdrawn withhold withheld withheld withstand withstood withstood work worked worked work wrought wrought wring wrung wrung write wrote written
