1、Ing 分词The person translating these songs can speak seven languages.The boy standing over there is a classmate of mine .宾语补足语We heard her singing in her room .You can see them performing every night this week at the theatre.状语She sat at the desk reading a newspaperBeing ill, she went homeEd 分词完成被动定语P
2、olluted air and water are harmful to people s health.We were given printed question papersThis is one of the houses built last year.宾语补足语He is going to have his hair cut .I must get my bike repaired.状语She walked out of the house followed by her little daughter.Once seen, it can never be forgotten.If
3、 bitten by a snake ,you should send for help and walk .现在分词的用法 非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语。 一、现在分词的两个基本特点。 1. 在时间上表示动作正在进行。例如： a developing country. 一个发展中的国家，boiling water 沸水， rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳。 （试比较： a developed country 一个发达国家， boiled water 白开水， risen sun 升起的太阳） 2. 在语态上表示主动。例如： the rul
4、ing class 统治阶级， the exploiting class 剥削阶级。（试比较： the ruled class 被统治阶级， the exploited class 被剥削阶级） 二、掌握现在分词的基本功能。 1. 现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征，此时可换成相应的定语从句。例如： There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. (NMET 1989) A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
5、分析： B 。表示主动的动作，句意是：雷声跟着闪电。此处的following which followed 。 He saw a _ bird and raised his bow. A. fly B. flying C. flew D. to be flying 分析： B 。表示正在进行的动作，句意是：正在飞的鸟。此处的a flying bird a bird which was flying 。 I was satisfied with the _ speech. A. excite B. exciting C. excited D. be excited 分析： B 。表示被修饰词 s
6、peech 的性质和特征，此处的the exciting speech the speech that/which was exciting 。 2. 现在分词作状语时，可作时间、条件、结果、原因和伴随状语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。例如： The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _that he had enjoyed his stay here. (NMET 1994) A. having added B. to add C. a
7、dding D. added 分析： C 。句意：来访的大臣表示了对谈判的满意，同时又补充说道他呆在这里很愉快。adding 作伴随状语，表示主动的动作。所以应用现在分词作伴随状语。 European football is played in more than 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET 1998) A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 分析： A 。句意：欧式足球在 80 多个国家开展，其结果是它使欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。 making 是现
8、在分词作结果状语。 _ from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. Saw D. To be seeing 分析： A 。 Seeing 是逻辑主语就是主句的主语 we ，表示正在进行的主动动作。 3. 现在分词作补足语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。例如： Soon they could see the steam _ from the wet clothes. A. rise B. rising C. risen D. be rising 分析：
9、B 。句意：很快他们看见蒸气从湿衣服上升起。 rising 现在分词作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的动作。 The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. (NMET 1994) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 分析： A 。句意：失踪的男孩们最后被看到时是他们正在河边玩耍。现在分词作主语补足语。 4. 现在分词的独立主格结构作状语。例如： With his lips still _, he couldnt say a word. A. trembling B. tremble C.
10、to tremble D. to be trembling 分析： B 。句意：他说不出话，因为他的嘴唇在颤动。现在分词的独立主格结构作原因状语，表示正在进行的动作。 “ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks. “妈妈！”他突然哭着喊，泪水从他的脸上流下来。 （这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构 tears rolling down his cheeks 作状语。 ） Weather permitting, well go to the Great wall. 如果天气允许的话，我们就去长城。 （这里需要用现在分词的独立
11、主格结构 Weather permitting 作状语。 ） Ed 分词分词的定义:动词的-ed 分词即过去分词，是由动词的过去分词构成，一般只有一种形式。定语Polluted air and water are harmful to people s health.We were given printed question papersThis is one of the houses built last year.宾语补足语He is going to have his hair cut .I must get my bike repaired.状语She walked out of
12、the house followed by her little daughter.Once seen, it can never be forgotten.If bitten by a snake ,you should send for help and walk .1) 过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如：1）Im very interested in the intersting story, so will read it again.2)We cant drink boiling water , but we can drink boiled water.3)P
13、olluted air and water are harmful to peoples health.2) 过去分词做定语1)I found a lot of moved students, who were deeply moved by the moving film.2)China is still a developing country while Japan is already a developed country. 3)The astonished expression on his face suggested that he know nothing about the
14、 matter.过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如：Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗？The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。如：The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.The meeting, attended by one thousand students
15、, was a success. 3) 过去分词做状语：Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。4) 过去分词作补足语：过去分词可以在 see, hear, notice, watch, find, get
16、, have, feel, make, leave, keep 等词后与一名词或代词构成复合宾语，用作宾语补语。如：When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined? 你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.区别过去分词和ing 分词作表语的区别：过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing 分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，如： Hearing the news, w
17、e felt very surprised. The news is very surprising. 这个消息很令人惊讶。They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears.5. 过去分词和ing 分词作定语的区别：过去分词作定语和-ing 分词作定语有一定的区别。试比较下面几组短语：boiled water 开水 boiling water 正沸腾的水 developed countries 发展的国家 developing countries 发展中国家 fallen leaves 落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子6用分词短语作状语时，还应注意在句子主语和分词短语之间不能使用并列连词。如： 误Not knowing what to do，so she asked her friends for advice 正Not knowing what to do，she asked her friends for advice
