1、中考句型转换专练 2句型转换是要求学生根据所给的句型，按要求或提示完成考题，考查的是学生对句子结构的构成、变化等方面的知识以及对此类知识的运用能力。该题型首先给出一个完整的句子，再给出一个含有几个空白处的句子，根据不同的要求填入适当的词完成句型转换。句型转换涉及到语法知识的各个方面，在做这种题时，应注意时态、语态、人称、数的变化，特殊疑问词的用法，及助动词的用法等。句型转换考题虽然包括各种句式，但通常以两种形式进行考查：同义型句型转换和条件型句型转换。从题型上看，句型转换可分为两大类：一是按要求改写句子。即按照指定要求将原句改写成其他形式的句子，如肯定句改为否定句，陈述句改为一般疑问句、特殊疑
2、问句、反意疑问句、感叹句，对划线部分提问等。另一类是同义句、近义句的转换，即要求用不同的句型，不同的语言手段表达相同的思想。句型转换设题广，部分试题难度较大，这就要求同学们有扎实的语言基本功和熟练的解题技巧。对于按要求改写句子的试题：首先应注意“要求”的内容；二是要注意选词的准确；三是要注意各种句型的特殊点；四是要注意大小写和拼写的正确。一、【按要求改写句子】按要求改写句子的具体分类如下：一、肯定句改为否定句1.改变谓语结构在助动词 be, have, do 等以及情态动词 can, may, should 等后加 not。如果句子的谓语中不是以上这些词，而是行为动词，则相应地将动词的原形，第
3、三人称单数或过去式变为否定形式。如：Hehas seenthe film before.Heseen the film before.Hewill writethe book in two months.He write the book in two months.He doeshis homework in the evening .He do his homework in the evening.2.用含否定意义的词（如 never, nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few 等）。（1）always / evernever, and or
4、。如：He wasalways late for school last term.He was never late for school last term.（2）toonoteither, alreadynotyet 。如：He goes to school by bike, too.He does ntgo to school by bike,either.（3）allnone, bothneither, both andneither nor，此时，谓语动词仍用肯定形式，但当 neither 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；“neithernor”连接两个主语时，谓语动词应和靠近它的主语
5、保持一致。如：He knowsall ofthe workers here.He knows none ofthe workers here.Both ofthe twins are fromEngland.Neither of the twins is from England.3.当 think, believe, suppose 等动词后面跟宾语从句时，通常用否定主句的谓语动词来达到否定从句谓语动词的目的。如：I thinkthey can come tonight.I don t think they can come tonight.二、陈述句改为疑问句1.一般疑问句。a、助动词 d
6、odoesdid)+主语+谓语 2（v 原形） ?b、情态动词+主语+ 谓语（v 原形） ?c、助动词(havehas)+ 主语+ 谓语（过去分词） ?Sam oftendoeshis homework in the evening.Does Sam do his homework in the evening?2.特殊疑问句。疑问词+助动词情态动词+主语+谓语（v 原形） ?I got there the daybefore yesterday.When did you get there?3.反意疑问句。Mary doesnt work hard.Mary doesntwork hard,
7、does she?注意：Lets 和 Let us 祈使句的附加问句分别为 shall we 和 will you。如：Let”s go out for a walk, shall we?三、陈述句改为感叹句1、How+形容词副词+主语+ 谓语+！2、What +( aan)+形容词+名词 +主语+谓语+！The film is very interesting.How interesting the film is!It”s a beautiful flower.What a beautiful flowerit is!一般情况下，what 引导的感叹句和 how 引导的感叹句可相互转换。如
8、：How nicethe watch is!What a nice watch it is!四、对划线部分提问就划线部分提问，是用一个合适的疑问词去替代句中的某一成分，使之成为一个特殊问句。其方法主要是：先依据语意选择相应的疑问词和疑问句语序，句末改用问号。这时我们要注意以下几点：（1）选择恰当的疑问词。（2）对主语或主语的定语提问时，用陈述句语序。对定语提问时，所修饰的名词应放在疑问词后。（3）对其它成分提问，用“疑问词一般疑问句” 语序。如：My grandpahas been inShanxi for ten years.Who has been in Shanxi for ten ye
9、ars?Lilysdog has lost.Whose dog has lost?Emma boughtonedictionary yesterday.How manydictionaries did Emma buy yesterday?解析同义型、条件型句型转换二、【同义型句型转换】同义型句型转换即是用另一种方式来表述与原句相同的句意，也称作同义句转换，主要考查学生对句型及词汇的掌握情况。如：1. The maths problem istoodifficult for himtowork out.（改为复合句）The maths problem is _ difficult _ he c
10、ant work it out.2. The surfersbothwon first prize in the city surfing competition.（改为否定句）_ _ the surfers won first prize in the city surfing competition.3. I think the fastest way to travel is by plane.（改为特殊疑问句）_ do you think the fastest way to travel _?4. Miss Li showedusa picture of the feathered
11、dinosaur.（改为被动语态）We_ _ a picture of the feathered dinosaurby Miss Li.答案与简析：1. tooto（太而不能）sothat not（如此以致不），所以，应该填 so, that。2.从转换后的句式中没有明确的否定词 not 可知不能用助动词加 not 的形式来完成。再根据 both 的反义词是 neither，主语又是 the surfers，因此应填 Neither of。3.本题实际上是对“by plane ”提问，改换后的句子只是缺少了 “is by plane”，因此，该将“by plane”改为“ what”，后一个
12、空用“is ”。4.由 showed 确定要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 were shown / showed。句型转换【真题引导 1】I prefer walking there to going by bus.I prefer to walk there _ by bus.【答案与解析】该题考查 prefer.to.与 prefer.rather than.这两个句型的转换。前者后接动词时用 V.+ing 形式，而后者则接不定式，并且 rather than 后的不定式符号要省略。答案： rather than go。【真题引导 2】It took Mary two weeks to p
13、repare for the exam.Mary _ two weeks _ for the exam.【答案与解析】该题考查的是表示“花费时间做某事 ”的两个句型的转换， take 常用的句型是：it takes +时间 + to do.；而 spend 却是：sb +spend +时间+（in）doing. 。答案：spent， in preparing。【真题引导 3】I always get up before six oclock in my school days.I _ get up _ six oclock in my school days.【答案与解析】根据原句的意思，只有
14、在第二句的两个空白处分别填入 never 与 after，这样才能表达出与第一句相同的含义。这里要注意 always 的否定副词是 never。答案：never， after。【真题引导 4】The children are too tired to walk farther.They are_ tired _they _ walk farther.【答案与解析】含有 too.to 的简单句常和 so.that 引导的复合句互相转换。但是 too.to 的本身是否定意义，so.that 从句要改为否定。答案：so, that, cant。【真题引导 5】The girl left her ho
15、me a few days ago, she has not come back yet.The girl has_ from her home for a few days.【答案与解析】第一句意思为“女孩几天前离开家，她现在还未回来” 。根据句意可知应用现在完成时。for a few days 表示一段时间，在完成时中只能与延续性动词搭配，而 leave 是非延续性动词。答案：been away。【同义型句型转换巩固训练】1.They say thatMr. Liu can speak German.（改为同义句 ）_that Mr. Liu can speak German.2. Can
16、 you show me the way tothe post office?（改为同义句）Can you tell meget to the post office?3.People plantmany young treeson both sides of the street each year.（改为被动语态）Many young treesare _ on _ sides of the street each year.4.Myparentslefthomethree days ago.Myparents _ from homefor three days.（改为同义句 ）5. Th
17、ey knew something about itonly afteryou told them.（改为同义句）They knew_ about it _ you told them.6. If you play basketball here, you may break the windows.（用 or 改为同义句）_play basketball here, _you may break the windows.7. This is the most enjoyable journeythatI have ever heard of.（改为同义句）I have _heard of_
18、an enjoyable journey before.8. Hot dogs are notso delicious assandwiches. （改为同义句）Hot dogs are_ delicious _sandwiches.9. Her father boughtthe carthree months ago.（改为同义句）Her father _the carfor three months.10.Its good for your health to take exerciseoften.（改为同义句）_ exerciseoften can make you _.11. All
19、the bookscost me 365 yuan.（改为同义句）I _ 365 yuan _ all the books.12.The doctorput downthe telephone, left his home at once andhurried toJims home.After the doctor _ the phone call, he left his home at once and went to Jims homeas _ as _.13.At the end ofthe meeting his bagwas lost.（改为同义句）He_ his bag whe
20、n the meeting _.14. IlikeBackstreet Boys. Buthe likes F4 better.（改为同义句）He_ F4 _ Backstreet Boys.15. Tomspent two hours inmendingthe bike.It_ two hours_ the bike.16. He hardlydoes wrong inhis homework.（用 makesmistakes 改为同义句）Hehardly _ any _ in his homework.17.I will tell you my telephone numberafter
21、you tell me yours.（改为同义句）Please tell me your telephone number, _ I _ tell you, _.18. The Indian old ladyno longerlived there.（改为同义句 ）The Indian old lady_ live there _.19.Janegot to schoolearlier than any otherstudents.（改为同义句）Jane got to school _ all the students.20. My sisterprefers readingtogoing s
22、hopping.（改为同义句）My sister likes_thangoing shopping.21、Could you tell me how I can get to the restroom ?(改为简单句)Could you tell me to the restroom ?22、Theycant come back tomorrow , Ithink . ( 改为宾语从句)I_23、My little sister so young that she cant go to school .（改为同义句）My little sister is_young_go to school
23、.24、She likes reading,Ilikereading , too .（改为同义句）She likes reading, _ _I.25、Ipaidtenyuanfor thepen .（改为同义句）a、I_tenyuan_thepen .b、Thepen _ _ tenyuan. ）26、Why not go to the park tomorrow ?（改为同义句）_ _go to the park tomorrow ?27、Ihaventdecidedwhereto go yet .（改为同义句）Ihavent_ _ whereto go yet .28、Hersister
24、 will fly to England as soon aspossible .（改为同义句）Hersister will fly to England as soon as _ 29、heywon t go shopping thisafternoon . Hewontgo shopping .（改为同义句）heywont go shopping thisafternoon ,_ 30、hehas studied Englishforfour years .（改为同义句）hehas studied English _ _ 31、How can we get to the airport ?
25、 Can you tell me？（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）Can you tell meget to the airport？32、You should shake hands when you meet someone for the first time .You _ _ _ shake hands when you meet someone for the first time .33、I didnt find anything in the bag .（改为同义句）I_found_ _ in the bag .34、Ittookusten minutes to finish the
26、 work .（改为同义句）We _ten minutes_the work .35、The baby weighs12pounds .36、Hebegan to teachEnglishin1998 .（改为同义句）He _ _ English 1998 .37、Ourmonitorhas been aleague (团) member for two years .（用动词 join 改为同义句）_theleague two years ago。38、“I have been to Hainan once .” Lucysaid .(改为间接引语)39、He had to feed the
27、 animals .(改为否定句)He _ feed the animals .40、heyused to play soccerafter school . (改为否定句)hey_ _ play soccerafter school .41、Helikesreading .Sh elikesreading , too .(用 not only but also 改写句子)Not only he _ _ he_reading .42、This building isnot as beautiful asthat one .（用 less than 改为同义句）This building is_
28、that one .Keys:1. Its said 2. how, to 3. planted, both 4. have been away 5. nothing, before 6. Dont ,or 7. never, such 8. less, than 9. has had 10. Taking, healthy 11.spent,on12 . received ,soon aspossible13. couldnt find, was over 14. prefers,to15. took Tom, to mend 16. makes, mistakes 17.or, will
29、not, either18.didnt，any more.19.earliest of 20. reading better二、【条件型句型转换】条件型句型转换即是要求根据句子后给出的具体要求变换句型。具体考查内容为：1.单数句、复数句之间的转换；2.肯定句、否定句、疑问句之间的转换；3.简单句、并列句、复合句之间的转换；4.陈述句、感叹句、祈使句之间的转换；5.主动语态、被动语态之间的转换。【真题引导 1】改为单数句There are someold sheep on the farm.There is _ old _ on the farm.【答案与解析】sheep 的单、复数形式一样，o
30、ld 是元音开头的词，故冠词不能用 a。单数句与复数句转换时，名词、代词要一一对应互换。注意名词变复数的规律，同时注意主谓的一致性。答案：an, sheep。【真题引导 2】改为一般疑问句Hesetthe alarm clock for seven._ he _ the alarm clock for seven?【答案与解析】一般疑问句及否定句的构成：（1）当谓语动词是 be 动词、助动词或情态动词时，将其直接移到句首便可构成一般疑问句，或在其后直接加 not 构成否定句；（2）当谓语动词是行为动词时，则加助动词 do 来完成一般疑问句，第三人称单数用 does,一般过去时用did，加助动词
31、后应注意其后谓语动词要用原形，这一点要切记。答案：Did, set。【真题引导 3】改为否定句Both of the players are very popular inEngland._of the players _very popular inEngland.【答案与解析】Both “两者都 ”为全肯定。其反义词 neither“两者都不”为全否定。either“ 两者之一”是部分否定。另外 either 和 neither 作主语，谓语动词应用单数。答案： Neither, is。【真题引导 4】改为反意疑问句Sue speaks little French.Sue speaksli
32、ttle French, _?【答案与解析】反意疑问句应遵循的原则是：前半部分肯定，后半部分否定；前半部分否定，则后半部分肯定。前半部分中有 no, little, few, never, hardly, seldom 等否定词时，后半部分则用肯定。答案：does she。【真题引导 5】对画线部分提问The bank near the shopis very big._【答案与解析】就画线部分提问实际上是将句子改为特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句中的疑问词是根据画线部分来确定的。特殊疑问句的构成：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。该题中 near the shop 在句中作 the bank 的定语，故疑问词应
33、用 which。答案：Which bank is very big?【真题引导 6】改为感叹句Its raining very heavily._it is raining!【答案与解析】本句感叹的是副词 heavily，所以要用 how，原句中的 very 应去掉，还应注意句子开头的首字母要大写。答案：How heavily。【真题引导 7】改为被动语态They have painted their new house.Their new house _ by them.【答案与解析】原句是现在完成时态，被动结构要用 have been done。在主动变被动时，特别要注意被动语态句中主语的
34、人称、数的变化，这句被动句的主语是第三人称单数，要用has。答案： has been painted。【巩固练习】.单、复数相互转换1. The woman is a nurse.（改为复数句）They are all_.2. There are some old cars behind the house.（改为单数句）There_ old _ behind the house.3. He has a new book.（改为复数句）_new _.4. Are these your English-Chinese dictionaries?（改为单数句）_ your English-Chin
35、ese _?5.Is there a sheep in your uncles farm?（改为复数句）_ there _ in your uncles farm?.肯定句与疑问句相互转换1. Mr.Hu taught her math last year.（改为一般疑问句）_ Mr. Hu _hermath last year?2.The foreign visitor comes from Russia.（用 Australia 完成选择疑问句）_ the foreign visitor come fromRussia_?3. Tom has lunch at school every d
36、ay. (改为一般疑问句)_ Tom _ lunch at school every day?4. That dictionary cost him twenty yuan. (改为一般疑问句)_ that dictionary _ him twenty yuan?5. Dont you think her radio is too loud? (作肯定回答)_, I _.完成反意疑问句1. Youvenever been out ofChinabefore, _?2. Youcamehere together, _?3. There remore than ten pandas on the
37、 hill,_?4. Peter could hardlysee the words on the blackboard, _?5.Dontlook out of the window, _?6. Idont thinkyou can answer this question,_?7.Letsask our teacher for help, _?8. Everythinggoeswell, _?9. Sheisntthe best one in the class, _?10. Youlikelistening to soft music, _?.肯定句与否定句相互转换1. He has a
38、lready finished his homework.（改为否定句）He _ finished his homework _.2.Both of his parents were pleased with the result.（改为完全否定句）_ pleased with the result.3.Dontlet him go boating today!(改为肯定句)_ go boating today.4.Youd bettertake it to your office.(改为否定句)Youd better_ it to your office.5.The childrenwere
39、ntplaying on the playground.(改为肯定句)The children_ on the playground.6. All ofus want him to rest.（改为完全否定句）_ of us _ him to rest.7. Marydoesher homework on Sundays. (改为否定句)Mary_ her homework on Sundays.8. Meime ihas tolook after her little brother at weekends. (改为否定句)Meimei_ to look after her little b
40、rother at weekends.9. Ithink you are right.（改为否定句）I _ think you _ right.10. Sheisntgoing to wash anything on Sunday.（改为肯定句）She _ going to wash _ on Sunday.简单句、并列句、复合句相互转换1.The water wasso dirty thatwe couldnt drink it.（改为简单句）The water was _ dirty for us _ drink.2.Does the shop close at six every day
41、?Do you know?（两句合并为一句）Do you know _ the shop _ at six every day?3.The question isnt easy enough for them to answer.（改为复合句）The question is _ that they _ .4. I really dont knowwhich book I shouldchoose.（改为简单句：疑问词+to+ v）I really dont know_.5.I dont know whenwe shall meet again. (改为简单句)I dont know when
42、_ again.6.The manis very strongand he can carry the heavy bag. (改为简单句：strong enough )The man is _ to carry the heavy bag.7.“Does the girl need any help?“ he asked me.（改为复合句：宾语从句）He asked me _ the girl _ some help.8.I dont know what to donext.（改为复合句: 宾语从句）I dont know what _ next.9.George hastwo cabba
43、ges. Mary hasonly one.（用比较级改写句子）George has _ cabbages _ Mary.10.We wont have any lessons tomorrowbecause well have the sports meeting.（改为简单句: because of + 短语）We wont have any lessons tomorrowthe sports meeting.11、Beforegoing to bed, helikes to listento softmusic .(改为 before 引导的时间状语从句)12、Hegot uplate
44、 .He missedthe bus . (改为因果关系的状语从句：so、because)a、He got uplate , _hemissedthe bus.b、Hemissedthe bus, _he got uplate .13、You study hard . You succeed in learningEnglish .(改为 if 引导的条件状语从句)14、Hegot up at 10:00 .His parents had gone to work.(用 by thetime 合并为复合句)15、Shefinishedherhomeworklastnight . She fou
45、nditwasalready23 :30 .(改为 when 引导的时间状语从句)16、“ Ibelievewewillachieveourdreamin the future ,” saidAnn .（改为宾语从句）17、Hesaid, “ I can playsoccerwithmyclassmatesafterschool .”（改为宾语从句）18、Heisonly5yearsold.He canspeak3foreign languages. (用 but、although 合并为复合句)a、Heisonly5yearsold. ， he canspeak3foreign languages.b、He canspeak3foreign languages，_heisonly5yearsold .19、“Can you come to my party ?”askedJack .(改为宾语从句 )20、“When did you go for the vacationlast month ?”asked Tom ._-.陈述句与感叹句相互转换A.改为感叹句1. The film i
