1、页 1 第2018 届甘肃省民乐县第一中学高三压轴卷（二）英语试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A（2016 安徽卷）You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most impo
2、rtant woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区 )by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 19
3、31,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907-1964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on hu
4、mans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor(1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join th
5、e U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913-2005)On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off t
6、he Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.1.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work. B. Her lack of proper training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her co
7、mmunity background.2. What is the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?页 2 第A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.3. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A.
8、They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.B （2016 北京卷） Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “Its the ocean
9、that makes Rockaway so special,” she says.On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridge closed.When they returned to Rockaway t
10、he next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalies friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.In the following few days
11、, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high
12、-rise buildings.“My mom tells me that I cant control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.”Natalies choice was to help.She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick
13、, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patricks collection was replaced.In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to b
14、ring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes h
15、ave been rebuilt. “I cant imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”4. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found_.A. some friends had lost their lives B. her neighborhood was destroyedC. her school had mo
16、ved to Brooklyn D. the elderly were free from suffering5. According to paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most?A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild B. The people trapped in high-rise buildingC. The volunteers donating money to survivorsD. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people6. How di
17、d Natalie help the survivors?A. She gave her toys to the kids B. She took care of younger childrenC. She called on the White House to help D. She built an information sharing platform7. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Little people can make a big difference B. A friend in need is a friend i
18、ndeed页 3 第C. East or West, home is best D.Technology is powerC 2016 四川卷A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good nights sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod offif it is milked from a cow at night.Researchers have discovered that
19、 “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.Those given night milk, which cont
20、ained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food. Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of cows mil
21、k harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to
22、 relax.Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.8. According to the text, the mice fed with daytime
23、 milk_.A. started sleep more easily B. were more anxiousC. were less active D. woke up later9. Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?A.Its been tested on mice for ten times. B.It can make people more energetic.C.It exists in milk in great amount. D. Its used in sleeping d
24、rugs.10.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Night Milk and Sleep B. Fat, Sugar and HealthC. An Experiment on Mice D. Milk Drinking and Health11. How does the author support the theme of the text?A. By giving examples. B. By stating arguments.C. By explaining statistical data. D. By providin
25、g research results.页 4 第D 2016 天津卷Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because i
26、t has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first
27、.Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the days work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved
28、that the rule works.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take ove
29、r.When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (大英百科全书), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.One day, mentally e
30、xhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks th
31、at followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.12
32、. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .A. delay tasks B. work hard C. seek help D. accept failure13. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?A. Before starting a difficult task. B. When all the solutions fail.C. If the job is rather boring. D. After findin
33、g a way out.14. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .A. ignore mental problems B. get some nice sleep页 5 第C. gain complete relief D. find the right solution15. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Success Is Built upon Failure B. How to Handle Performance FatigueC. G
34、etting over Fatigue: A Way to SuccessD. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 来源: Z,X,X,K根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项（2016 四川卷）Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 16 In general, they can expect to live six or seven
35、years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 17 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a pos
36、itive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.18 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is
37、a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.19 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a mans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age m
38、ore quickly. 20 AHowever, women, on average, live longer.B .The biological factor plays an important part.C. Women are also helped by their female genes.D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F. Therefore, women are
39、 more healthy than men and can live a better life.G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A 、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Race Against Death2016 北京卷页 6 第It wa
40、s a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 21 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 22 if it struck t
41、he town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 23 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 24 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the 25 r
42、oads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet.26 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 27 . Nomes town officials came up with a(n) 28 . They would have the medicine sent by 29 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇)driversknown as “mushers”would 30 it
43、 to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 31 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannons face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31， a musher named Seppala had to 32 a frozen bo
44、dy of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 33 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 34 ,and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.A
45、huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of sonw blocked his 35 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 36 the trail again. The only hope was Balto,Kaasens lead dog, B
46、alto put his nose to the ground,37 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 38 .He had foung the trailAt 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 39 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr.We
47、lch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recoverd. Nome had been 40 .21.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured22.A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless23.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However24.A.airport B.station C. harbor D.border25.A.narrow B. sno
48、wy C.busy D.dirty26.A.From B.On C.By D.After27.A.tired B.upset C. pale D.sick28.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic29.A.air B.rail C. sea D.road页 7 第30.A.carry B.return C. mail D.give31.A.Though B.Since C. When D.If32.A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross33.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish34.A.esca
49、pe B.bleed C. swim D.die35.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination36.A.find B.fix C. pass D.change37.A.pretending B.trying C. asking D.learning38.A.run B.leave C. bite D.play39.A.gathered B.stayed C. camped D.arrived40.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）2016 全国卷三阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food
