1、11、名词A） 、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：1）在后面加 s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas2）x, sh, ch, s 后加 es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三）1）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 es 如：baby-babies, duty-duties, story-stories2）以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 s 如：day-
2、days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, way-ways 4）以 o 结尾加 s. 如：radios, zoos 如是辅音加 o 的加 es. 如: tomatoes 西红柿, potatoes 马铃薯特殊（外来词、缩写词和专有名词）：photos, pianos，kilos 5）以 f 或 fe 结尾的变 f 为 v 再加 es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）如：fish, sheep,
3、 deer, Chinese, Japanese七）只有复数，没有单数如：people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数（集合名词）如：police 警察局/ 警察, class 班/同学, family 家/家庭成员9）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, passers-by; 但如果是由 man 或 woman 所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woma
4、n teacher-women teachers10）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish 鱼 fishes 鱼的种类; paper 纸 papers 报纸 /卷子/ 论文; work 工作 works 作品/工厂; glass 玻璃 glasses 玻璃杯/眼镜; orange 桔子水 oranges 橙子 ; light 光线 lights 灯; people 人 peoples 民族; time 时间 times 时代/ 次数; chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡 十一） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet,
5、 mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen2B） 、名词的所有格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：一）单数在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers2）复数以 s 结尾的直接在 s 后加，如果不是以 s 结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers Day 教师节, Childrens Day 六一节 , Womens Day 三八节3）由 and 并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben
6、s room 迈克和本的房间（共住一间）Mikes and Bens rooms 迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）4）双重所有格：名词加所属的人/物“名词+ of + 名词所有格” 如：a picture of my fathers, a book of Toms 2、动词A） 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加 s，如下：一）一般在词后加 s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二）在 x, sh, ch, s 后加 es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes三）
7、1）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries2）以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四）以 o 结尾加 es。如： does, goes五）特殊的有：are-is, have-hasB） 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：1）一般在后加 ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing,
8、hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing2）以不发音 e 的结尾的去掉 e 再加 ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having3）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加 ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begi
9、n-beginning3四）以 ie 结尾的变 ie 为 y 再加 ing。如：tie-tying 系 die-dying 死 lie-lying 位于3、形容词的级在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：1） 一般在词后加 er 或 est(如果是以 e 结尾则直接加 r 或 st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter shortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest2） 以重读闭音节结尾且 1 个元音字母1 个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如 few-
10、fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加 er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest3） 以辅音字母 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 加 er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)good/well - better best； many/much - more most； bad/ill worse worst；little- less least； old
11、- older/elder oldest/eldest；far- farther/further farthest/furthest5、数词 (不规则：一、二、三、五、八、九、十二；其它后接 th；y 结尾变为i, 加 eth) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth4、特殊疑问句 问年龄 How old is Lucy? -She is twelve
12、. 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? -I like action movies and comedies. 问身体状况 How is your uncle? -He is well/fine.4 问方式 How do/can you spell it? -L-double O-K.How do you go to work? -By bike/ On foot. 问原因 Why do you want to join the club? 问时间 Whats the time? (=What time is it?) -Its ten. What tim
13、e do you usually get up, Rick? -At five oclock.When do you want to go? -Lets go at 7:00. 问地方 Wheres my backpack? -Its under the table. 问颜色 What color are they? -They are light blue.Whats your favourite color? -Its black. 问人物 Whos that? -Its my sister.Who is the boy in blue? -My brother.Who isnt at s
14、chool? -Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 问东西 Whats this/that (in English)? -Its a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? -I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11 问姓名 Whats your aunts name? -Her name is Helen./Shes Helen.Whats your family name? -My family nam
15、es Smith.12 问哪一个 Which do you like? -I like one in the box.13 问价格 How much are these pants? -Theyre 15 dollars.14 问电话号码 Whats your phone number? -Its 576-8349.15 问谓语( 动作) Whats he doing? -Hes watching TV.516 问职业( 身份) What do you do? -Im a teacher.Whats your father? -Hes a doctor.名词单数变复数练习：一、请写出下列名词的
16、复数形式 City zoo country tooth mouse boy room _ car _ tree _ horse_ bus_ fox _ branch _ baby _ family _ country._ radio _photo_ piano_ knife _leaf_ life_ thief_man_ woman_ child_ foot_ woman teacher _diary day_ foot_ book_ dress_sheep _ box_ sandwich _ paper_ 二、单项选择 1. The _ in our yard are very beauti
17、ful. A. cloth B. water C. flowers 2. Tom is one of the Chinese _ in our school. A. boy B. boys C. boies 3. A cat has four _ , doesnt it? A. foots B. feet C. feets 4. There are three _ and five _ in the room. A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Janpaneses 5. Can you see nine _ in
18、 the picture? A. fish B. book C. horse 6. The _ has two_. A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch 7. The _ are flying back to their country. A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans 8. The girl brushes her _ every day before he goes to bed. A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths 三、填入所给名词的正确形式 1. I have two_ (kn
19、ife) 62. There are many _ here. (box) 3. There are many _ on the road. (bus) 4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy) 5. The _ are playing football now. (child) 名词所有格练习：1. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacher 2. Its June 1st, its _ Day. A. Childrens B. C
20、hildrens C. Childrens D. Childrenss 3. This year, _ is on May 9th. A. My mothers birthday B. My mothers birthday C. My mothers birthday D. My motherss birthday 4. Where is Mr. Zhang? He is in the _ . A. teachers reading room B. teachers reading room C. teacher reading room D. teachers reading room 5
21、. These are _ . A. newspaper of today B. todays newspaper C. todays newspapers D. today newspapers6. This is _ . A. Mike and Jims bike B. Mikes and Jim bike C. Mikes and Jims bike D. Mike and Jim bike 7. _ has travelled to Beijing. A. A friend of her B. A friend of hers C. A her friend D. Hers one f
22、riend 8. This year, the most popular _ hat is that kind. A. womans B. womens C. womens D. womans 79. Billy and I are good friends, I have _ . - Look at this one, how sweet he is smiling! A. some pictures of Billy B. some pictures of Billys C. some Billys pictures D. some pictures of Billy 现在分词变化练习：一
23、、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_swim _make_go_like_write_ski_ read_have_ sing _dance_ put_see_ buy _love_ live_ take_come _get_ stop_sit _ begin_shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What _ you _
24、( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance ) in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have) supper now10._Helen_(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doin
25、g housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作否定回答)8_3.Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_序数词变化练习：一、根据句子意思填空1. Childrens Day（儿童节） is on the _ of June（六月）. 2. There are _ months（月）in a year(年). 3. Teachers Day(教师节 ) is on the _ of September（九月）
26、.4. Three plus(加) six is _. 二、选择填空。 ( )1. My cousins birthday in on the of October. A. three B. first C. the second ( )2. What date is it today? Its of April. A. twelfth B. the 12th C. 12th( )3. There are days in a week. A. the seven B. seventh C. the seventh D. seven ( )4.Sunday is the day of a wee
27、k. A. one B. first C. Second ( )5. Twenty-eight minus(减)six is . A. the twenty- second B. twenty-two C. twenty- second( )6. Four plus(加) is twelve. A. seven B. eight C. nine 三、根据题意，填入合适的数词。 1、Sunday is the ( ) day of a week. 2、September is the ( ) moth of a year. 3、October the ( ) is National of a y
28、ear. 4、 There are _ days in February. 直击中考序数词训练 ( )1. （2006重庆）The _ question is much more different than this one. 9A. sixth B. six C. sixteen D. sixty ( )2. （2006孝感）This is the _ time in _ days that he has made the same mistake.A. second, third B. two, three C. two, third D. second, three 3. （2006湖
29、北黄冈） - How old is your son? - _. We had a special party for his _ birthday last Sunday. A. Nine; nine B. Nine; ninth C. Ninth; ninth D. Ninth; nine ( )4. （2007佛山） _ Guangdong Sports Games was held in Foshan last November. A. The twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelfth ( )5. (05 福州)Thursday is the _ day of
30、the week. (five)( )6. (05 重庆)He believed his lucky number was ten, so he decided to live on the _ floor.A. lowest B. ten C. tenth ( )8. (05 贵州黔西南州) I have made _ dumplings. Now Im making the _ one. A. twenty; twentieth-first B. twenty; twenty-first C. twentieth; twenty-first D. twenty; twenty-one形容词
31、比较级最高级变化练习：一、 用适当形式填空：1. Bob is _( young )thanFred but_(tall)thanFred. 2. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 3. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 4 A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.105. An orange ia
32、 a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.6. Playing computer games is_ _ _ of all the activities.(interesting).7. The Nile(尼罗河) is _ _river in the world. (long)8. Good health is _ _ _thing life. (important)9. Taking a taxi is _ _ way to get to the airport. (easy)10. She
33、is_ than all the other students. (young)11. Where is the _bus-stop? (near) 12. Tom drives much _ _than John. (careful)13. The white flower is _(beautiful). The yellow flower is _ _ (beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _ _ of the three.二、 选择题1. She is _ than _ .A. busier / us B. bu
34、sier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we2. China is _ country in the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest3. -Which is _ season in Beijing?-I think its autumn.A.good B.better C.best D.the best4- Which is_ , the sun, the moon or the earth?- Of cour
35、se, the moon is.A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest5.The air in Beijing is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest6. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest7 Which is _ , a bicycle or a computer?A. expensive B.more expensive C.the most expensive8. The Yellow River is one of _rivers in China A long B longer C the longest9. She is the second _student in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest11
