1、Unit 3 Computers 学案period 1 New words learning and warming up学习目标：1 语言目标：Read all the new words and phrases , paying attention to the pronunciation and stress 2 能力目标 1) Master the usage of the word “common” 2) talk about the development of computers3 课前自主学习：I 英汉互译：1 _adj.共同的 2 _ n.发展 3_n. 计算机4_n.机器人
2、 5 calculator n._ 6. laptop n. 7 abacus n._ 8 the development of computers_ 9 和有共同之处 _Suggested answers:mon 2. development 3. compuer 4. robot 5. 计算机 6.手提电脑 7. 算盘 8. 电脑的发展 9. havein common I 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词10 The twins have a lot in c_11 Schools should pay more attention to the healthy d_12 Our maths
3、 teacher asked all of us to buy c_Answers: mon 11 development 12 computers Stept 1:Learn the new words and expressions识记下列单词的发音和同源词：1.calculate v.计算-calculator n计算器 2. universe n.宇宙-universal adj.普遍的，通用的 3. simple .adj 简单的，朴素的, simply adv 简单地，仅仅，简直，simplify v.简化 4. operate v.操作，手术 operator n.操作员，接线员
4、，operation n. 操作，手术 5. logical adj. 合乎逻辑的，- logically adv. 合乎逻辑地 ，有条理地 6. technology n. 科技，技术，-technological adj. 科技的 7. intelligent adj. 智能的，聪明的 intelligence n. 9.personpersonalpersonally 10. total totally 11. apply v .应用-，申请-,application n. 用途，申请 12. explore exploration 13 electricity n .电. / elec
5、trical adj. 关于电的 / electric 带电的，用电的，/ electronic 电子的14 appeardisappear ,appearance 15.character-characteristic Step 2. warming upThis unit is concerned with a little more of the history and development of computers and their applications. Computers are very important in everyday life and we need to
6、know about them. understanding the history of computers will help us to see that there will be many changes ahed in the development of comprters. Now look at the pictures and lets talk about the development of computers.2.Free talk of computers Questions: Do you have a computer of your own ? And do
7、you often go surfing ?What do you think will happen if we dont have a computer?3. language points1. Discuss what they have in common.have a lot / much / little / something /nothing in common with有许多 /几乎没有/ 一些 /没有/ 共同之处What do the two pictures have in common? 这两个图片之间有什么共同之处?他们彼此毫无共同之处. They have noth
8、ing in commom with one mon people 老百姓，普通人 common sense 常识common knowledge 总所周知的事 common interest 共同的兴趣近义词辨析：common 多表示”普通的;常见的;共有的”指符合或具有全体所共有的特征.normal 多表示”标准的;正常的”强调在正常范围内 .ordinary 多表示” 普通的;平淡无器奇的”,强调无特别之处 .usual 多表示” 习惯性的;遵守常规的”general 多表示” 公众的 ;普遍的”1.It has become a _ flower. You can find it he
9、re and there.(common)2.It is _ to start a speech by introducing oneself.(usual )3.Although she was rich, she was always in _ dress.(ordinary)4.The _ temperature of human body is 37.(normal)5.The _ public believed that it was unfair to refuse a disabled young man to do the job.( general)1. I havent a
10、 thing _ common _ my father.( B)A. in, about B. in , with C. on, of D. with, in2. What do you think will be the next development?本句中的 do you think 为插入语，插在特殊疑问句的中间，前后不必用逗号隔开，除 think 外，作插入语的动词有 believe , imagine suppose suggest consider say suggest 等。注意： 1）疑问句在句中作主语时，将插入语放在疑问词后谓语动词前，其他不变，如将插入语撤走，原句式部变
11、。Eg. Who do you think ate the cake ?2) 疑问词在句中不作主语，将插入语放在疑问词后，think 其他成分要成为 的宾语从句，即要用陈述句语序。Eg. Why do you think she was late again ?拓展：常见得插入语还有：I think , I hope , I guess , I m afraid , I believe, you know, you see 等。这些插入语常用逗号分开。Eg. The diet , I think , will do good to your health.1. _ be sent to wor
12、k there?(A)A. Who do you suggest B. Who you suggest that shouldC. Do you suggest who shouldD. Do you suggest whom should2. - We havent heard from Jane for a long time.(C)- What do you suppose _ to her?A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened3. _ is going to marry Lily?(A)A. w
13、ho do you think B. Do you think so C. who you think D. Does you think whoHomework 1. Read the new words and expressions 2.Preview the reading partperiod 2: Pre-reading ;reading; comprehending;Reading :WHO AM I?Pre-reading1. What do they stand for?PCITwww.2. Do you know the following words related to
14、 computers?hard disc searchsoftware downloadmemory updatechips clickartificial intelligence storeprogramWhile-reading1.Skim the passage and find out:1) What does “I” refer to? “I” refers to _.2.) What is the passage mainly about? About _.2. Scan the text and finish the timeline.1642 1822 1936 1940s1
15、960s The first family of computers was connected to each other.1970snow Computers connect the people all over the world together.3. Scan the text and find some supporting details.Post reading1. Read the summary and fill in the blanks.paragraph 1 Over time I have been changed a lot. I began as a _ an
16、d two years later I was built as an _. In 1936, I was made to work as a_As time went by, I was made from huge to small, first as a _ and then as a _. Paragraph 2The changes only became possible as my memory improve .First my The development of computersmemory was stored in _, then on _ and later on
17、very small _. In the early 1960s, I was given a family connected by a _. I was able to share with others through the _Paragraph 3:Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.Ive become very important in _, _ and _. Ive also been put into _ and used to make _ as well as help with _.
18、I have even been put into _ and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. My goal is to provide humans with a life of high _.3 Write a short passage based on your oral presentation.Over time , I have been changed a lot._True or false1. Step 8 H The computer began as a calculating machine in 1742.(F)2. The
19、Analytical Machine was made by Charles Babbage in 1822.(T)3. Computers had new transistors and became smaller in the 1960s.(T)4. Alan Turing wrote a book to describe how computers could be made smaller.(F)5. In the past people thought the computer was simple-minded.(T)6. In the 1960s the first famil
20、y of computers was connected to each other.(T)7. Computers could share information and express their feelings.(F)8. Computers connect people all over the world together.(T)Step 6. Summary I was born as a _ calculatingmachine in 1642. When I was young, I was good at_ difficult sums. About 2 hundred y
21、ears had passed before I could think _ and produce_ answers. At that time, I was called an _ machine. In 1936, I was built as a _ machine . I had the ability to _any mathematical problem. From then on, I grew rapidly both in _ and memory. After I stored my memory on _instead of in _. I became _ in s
22、ize but _in intelligence. As time went by, I became even smaller, for I put my memory on a very small _, which made me becomePC and laptop. In the 1960s, I could be connected with other computers by a _. From then on, I was able to share my knowledge with others through the _ _ _. After that, I had
23、many new_. Now, I am glad to serve human beings as a _ _ and a pleasant _.Answers:Calculating simplifying logically quicker analytical universalSolve size transistors tubes smaller cleverer chip networkWorld Wide Web applications devoted friend helperHomework1. Get ready for the discussion on P.19 C
24、omprehending 32. Finish Exercise 1 in Learning about Language on page 20period 3 and 4: Important language pointsLanguage points :1. It took nearly 200 years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.It didnt take / was long beforeIt will take / be long beforeIt wont take / be l
25、ong before 1) 要过 5 年我们才会见面 .It will be five years before we meet again2.) 过了很久我们才到达村庄.It took long before we arrived at the village.2. My real father Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as感官动词(see/ watch/ hear 等)与使役动词(make/ let /have)后接 do,而在被动语态中必须有 to.They heard the man sin
26、g a song.3. From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.from .on: 从. 时起 from then on: 从那时起from now on from now on 从现在起辨析：from then on 多用于一般过去时Since then 多用于完成时态From then on ,they didnt see each other.Since then, they havent seen each other.4. As time went by ,I was made smaller. =Wit
27、h time going by 随着时间的流逝， go by (时间) 过去，逝去 从经过 遵循，以来判断As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse.Did you see a boy go by on a bicycle?Thats a good rule to go by.(1)As time_, she became more and more anxious about her sons safety .(D)A. passing B. going by C. passed D. goes by(2)With the time_, our
28、 anxiety grew .(B)A. goes by B. going by C.has gone by D.had gone by(3)Three months_ before we knew it (.C)A. passed by B. went C. went by D. past5. As a result, I totally changed my shapeHe got up late. As a result, he was late for the classas a result(=therefore ) 结果,因此As a result of(=because of)因
29、为 result in 导致，结果为result from 因为，源自 without result 毫无结果1. _ _ _ _ his hard work, he got a pay rise.( as a result of )2. ）He worked hard, _ he got a pay rise.( as a result)3. ）My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever; _, he could neither eat nor sleep.(A)A. as a result B. after all C. anyw
30、ay D. otherwise4）. She was unable to walk _ the fall from the bike. (D)A. because B. as C. as a result D. as a result of5.） The terrible accident _ his carelessness.(A)A. resulted from B. resulted in C. as a result of D. us a result6 Over time my memory has developed so much that , like an elephant,
31、 I never forget anything I have been told.1)sothat 引导结果状语从句，其结构是：so+ adjadv.+that-c1auseso+ adj+ a (n)+单数可数名词+that-clauseso+ manyfew+可数名词复数+that-clauseso+ muchlittle+不可数名词 +that-clause2)suchthat 也可引导结果状语从句，其结构是：such-+ a(n)+ adj+单数可数名词+that-clausesuch+ (adj.)+不可数名词 +that-clausesuch+ (adj.)+可数名词复数 +th
32、at-clauseso + 形容词 (副词)+ that.结构中so + 形容词 (副词)在句首时,句子用倒装结构He works So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.so hard that he seldom goes home.1. _ that Morie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.(B)A. So successful her business was B.So successful was her businessB. So her business was succe
33、ssful C.So was her successful business2. _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. (B)A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleB. How curious the couple were C. The couple was such curious7. anyhow 无论如何，总之，反正 = anyway管怎样，这事值得一试。 （句首）Any
34、how its worth trying. 也许会下雨，但我们无论如何都要去。 （句末）It may rain, but well go anyhow11. .provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb.This has provided police with an important clue(线索).= This has provided an important clue for police.supply sb with sth= supply sth to sboffer sb sth = offer sth to sb 提供8. simple-
35、minded: showing very little intelligenceadj. + n + ed = adj. 复合形容词absent-minded 心不在焉的 open-minded 虚心的，思想开朗的narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的 single-minded 一心一意的;诚实的strong-minded 意志坚强的 weak-minded 低能的，愚蠢的; 优柔寡断的Homework:1. Recite the good sentences2. Finish the EXX of page 83-86Period 5 : learning about Language (
36、discovering useful words and expressions)课前自主学习：I 英汉互译1._v. GrammarLearning aims :1.learn the usage of the passive voice of the present perfect tense 2. Maser the structures and forms of the passive voice of the present perfect tense3. Use the passive voice of the present perfect tense correctly.lea
37、rning steps:1. Revise the Future Passive Voice 一般将来时被动语态(Future Passive Voice )构成形式: (Future Passive Voice)Will/shall +be + V 过去分词 shall 用于第一人称:I /we will 用于任何人称否定句:在 will/shall 后+not一般疑问句 :把 will /shall 提前Be going to be +V 过去分Be to be +V 过去分词The students of class one will clean the playground.-play
38、ground will be cleaned by the students of class one. We are going to hold a meeting on Saturday afternoon.-A meeting is going to be held (by us) on Saturday afternoon.The twins are to repair the machine tomorrow. -The machine is to be repaired (by the twins) tomorrow.The host will give the winner a
39、computer as the prize.-The winner will be given a computer as the prize (by the host).-A computer will be given (by the host) to the winner as the prize.II 现在完成时的被动语态的用法1.表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果 .The door has been locked. 2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在 ,并可能持续下去,常与for 或 since 引导的时间状语连用,或用于 How long
40、.?句型中.The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.How long has the machine been used? 现在完成时的标志:recently /already/yet for+一段时间 /since+时间点Has/have been done现在完成时 被动语态现在完成时的被动语态He has been sent to study the new technology in the company.否定句: He has not been sent to study the new techn
41、ology in the company.一般疑问句: Has he been sent to study the new technology in the company?特殊疑问句: Where has he been sent to study the new technology?How many shopping centers have been built in this city?Correct mistakes:1.The child has been taken good care by Grandma all these years.( )2.A notice has
42、been put on the wall.( )但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物 动词，也可以有被动语态。但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。Great changes _ in the city , and a lot of factories _. (B)A. have been taken place ; have been set upB. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set upD. were taken place ,were
43、set up 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（词组）没有被动语态, 如:happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit , stand, break out, come true, belong to 等What has happened to your brother?What was happened to your brother?二、现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题1 注意现在完成时被动语态的两个助动词,即 have/has 和 been,两者缺一不可。2.注意与一般过去时的被动
44、语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的系.The bridge was built last year. 这桥是去年建成的。The bridge has been built. 这桥已经建好了。3.请注意一些特殊动词,如 borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join 等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则需改换动词或时态。如:误 How long has this book been bought?正 H
45、ow long ago was this book bought?但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有连续性, 因而可与 since 或for 引导的时间状语连用。如:No books have been bought since last week.自上周以来,没有人来买过书。III 巩固练习 1. How many times_ not to play with fire?(D)Im sorry. Ill never do that again.A. do you tell B. had you told C. are you told D. have you been told
46、2.The fire _ to the fifth floor. _ all the people _? (A)A. has got; Have; been saved B. has been got; Have; saved C. has got; Do; save D. has got; Have; saved3.Do you know the thief _ by the police? (D)A.has caught B. has been catchingC. was caught D. has been caught 4.This is one of the happiest days _ spent in my life.(A)A. that have ever been B. that have never beenC. which was e
