1、广告与媒体问题Consumers are faced with increasing numbers of advertisements from competing companies. To what extent do you think are consumers influenced by advertisements? What measures can be taken to protect them? 各种各样的广告充斥电视屏幕、报纸、公交车和几乎所有城市街道。这对于消费者而言既有利也有弊。消费者不可避免会受到影响，但程度是因人而异的。 Television screens,
2、newspapers, buses, and almost all city streets are flooded by all kinds of advertisements. This has both advantages and disadvantages to consumers who are unavoidably influenced, though the degrees vary from person to person. 因为很多相互竞争的公司所打的广告，消费者得以迅速了解某些新产品。如果一样产品恰好是一些消费者所需要的，他们也许会受到吸引而去购来一试。假如该产品经证
3、实确实好，人们便会开始响朋友推荐，其销售也会快速上升。所以，我们看到这对于消费者和生产商来讲是个双赢的局面。而且，我们还看到：消费者不会马上就受到影响、难以自拔。他们对广告产品树立信心是要花点时间的。 Because of the advertisements placed by many competing companies, consumers are able to learn about certain new products rapidly. If a product happens to be what some consumers need, they might be at
4、tracted to make a purchase and have trial use. If it turns out to be really good, people would set about recommending it to friends and the sales of this product will go up very quickly. So, we see this is a win-win situation both to consumers and manufacturers and we also see that consumers are not
5、 just influenced profoundly all at once. It takes time for them to establish faith in the advertised products. 多数情况下，广告产品都不错，值得一买。但也有某样产品的效果和功能被大加夸张了的情况，这肯定会愚弄一些人，让他们立马受到吸引去购买。鉴于一样产品只能凭质量和长期建立起来的声望赢得市场，我们有充足的理由相信：那些虚假的或者是言过其实的产品将最终失去市场份额并走向灭亡。因此，我们看到市场是有选择性的，而消费者从长远角度讲也是理性的。 In most cases, the adver
6、tised products are good and worth buying. But there are also cases where the effects or functions of a certain product are much exaggerated and it will definitely fool some people when they are attracted all at once and go to buy it. Since a product can only win the market through its quality and it
7、s long established fame, theres every reason to believe that those fake or much exaggerated products will eventually lose their market shares and die out. Thus, we see that the market is selective and consumers are sensible in the long term. 发达国家有严格的广告审查和监督体系。如果一家公司打出的一则广告未能产生广告词所宣称的效果就会被定性为欺诈，由此便会违
8、法，导致极为严重的后果。多数情况下，生产厂家会被重罚，从而难以继续生存下去。 In developed countries, there are strict censorship and supervising systems regarding advertising. If the advertisement put up by a company fails to honor the advertised effects, it would be termed as fraud, thus violating the law which could lead to really ser
9、ious result. In most cases, the manufacturing company would be fined so heavily that it would be difficult for it to survive any longer. 从前面的论证我们看到：广告的对消费者的影响有积极的一面，也有消极的一面，影响力也因人而异。为了保护消费者，政府可以采用发达国家的做法，执行真正严格的广告审查和监督法。 From the foregoing discussion, we can see that advertisements influence consume
10、rs both favorably and unfavorably and the degrees of this influence differ from person to person. To protect consumers, governments can follow the practice of developed countries by enforcing really strict censorship and supervising laws in regard to advertising as a whole. 文化 历史与交友问题What famous pla
11、ce would you like to visit? Use details and reasons to support your response. 各人往往会因为自己的出生地不同、家庭条件的不同、相关经历的不同，甚至教育程度的不同而在选择旅游地方面呈现出极大的不同。出生纽约的人可能不会再对纽约感兴趣，因为一切的一切都太熟悉了；来自经济状况较差家庭的孩子可能无力选择遥远的地方游历；在东京工作了多年的人士肯定希望能够到日本东京以外的地方看一看；历史遗迹众多的地方大概不会吸引多少小学毕业的人士。，现实往往就是如此。就我个人各方面的情况而言，我现在能够想到的自己最想去的地方就是中国的西安，主要
12、原因就是我还从来没有到过那里。 Different people might choose to visit different places due to their different places of birth, family conditions, relevant experiences, and even different levels of education. People who were born in New York are less likely to be interested in New York any more for the simple reaso
13、n that everything is just too familiar already. Children from less well-off families might find it difficult to afford a visit to a faraway place. Those who have been working in Tokyo for years are surely looking forward to touring around places out of town. Places with numerous sites of historical
14、interest may not be so appealing to people with only a primary school education. Things are just like this in our real life. With all aspects considered, the most desirable place that I can think of going to at present is Xian in China for the simple reason that I have never been yet. 我希望去我没有去过的地方。西
15、安作为中国的历史文化名城拥有几千年的历史。从中国成为一个统一的国家秦朝开始，这个地方一直是后续各个朝代的首都，因此，这里汇聚了众多的历史文化遗迹。参观这些遗迹可以让我亲身感受到中国的过去是什么样子的，过去的人们是怎样生活的。很早就听说过西安的秦始皇兵马俑，也看过相关的照片：规模宏大，绝无仅有！可惜从来没有亲眼看看，这不能不说是一种极大的遗憾，所以，我不想为自己的一生留下这种遗憾。 Firstly, I would like to visit places where I have never been to. Xian, as a famous city with profound histo
16、rical and cultural significance in China, enjoys a history that can be dated back to several thousand years ago. From the first dynasty when China became a unified country, namely the Qin Dynasty, this place was the capital of successive dynasties, thus it has many a site of historical and cultural
17、heritage. As the saying goes: If you want to acquire a sense of history about China, visit Xian. A visit to these heritages, I am sure, will let me learn about what China was like in the past and how people lived at ancient times. Ive long heard of the famous Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses of the F
18、irst EmperorQin Shihuang, and have seen relevant pictures of it: really grand and exquisite, next to none in the world. However, I have never seen it on site with my own eyes, which could be a kind of regret. Therefore, I want to have this dream of mine realized at the earliest possible time. 其次，我希望
19、品尝一下西安的地方美食。早就听说过西安的美食独具特色，与我们家乡的饭菜是完全不同的两个风味。很多去过西安的人都在讲那里的饭菜如何如何好吃，特别是什么什么尤为味美，大有不尝一尝便遗憾终生的意思。所以，我选择去西安游历的目的之二就是为了去大饱一次口福。 Secondly, I would like to try the local delicacies of Xian. I was long told about the unique flavor of the local cuisine there, which is so different from the food cooked in m
20、y hometown. Moreover, many people who were back from Xian are commenting so much favorably on the food there and are actually making no effort to hide their liking of certain dishes, giving me the impression that it would be a regret-whole-life thing if one does not try them in person. So on and so
21、forth, this makes another reason which urges me to go to Xian for a visit. 当然，我没去过的地方还有太多太多，包括国内的、国外的，比如四川、重庆、新疆、西藏、巴黎、柏林等等，它们也都各有其特色，在条件许可的情况下，我肯定也会逐渐去一一游览的，但近期，我只想先去西安。 Of course, there are countless places that I have never been to, both at home and abroad: Sichuan, Chongqing, Xijiang, Tibet, Par
22、is, Berlin, to name just a few. I know to the best of my knowledge that they all have their distinct features which hold so much attraction to me and I will definitely visit all of them when conditions allow. However, for the time being, I just want to go to Xian. 以上便是我选择去西安游览的两个主要原因，不管别人会怎么想，最起码，我就
23、是这样认为的。 Above are two main reasons for me to have decided to visit Xian. Whatever others may think, for me alone, they do make sense. 高分范文(一)model answer:The three graphs of wheat exports each show a quite different pattern between 1985 and 1990. Exports from Australia declined over the five-year pe
24、riod, while the Canadian market fluctuated considerably, and the European Community showed an increase.In 1985, Australia exported about 15 millions of tonnes of wheat and the following year the number increased by one million tonnes to 16 million. After that, however, there was a gradual decline un
25、til 1989 and 1990 when it stabilised at about 11 million tonnes. Over the same period, the amount of Canadian exports varied greatly. It started at 19 million tonnes in 1985, reached a peak in 1988 of 24 million, dropped dramatically in 1989 to 14 million tonnes and then climbed back to 19 million i
26、n 1990. Seventeen million tonnes were exported from the European Community in 1985, but this decreased to 14 million tonnes in 1986 and then rose to 15 million in 1987 and 1988 before increasing once more to 20 million in 1990.(二)Wild animals have no place in the 21st century, and the protection is
27、a waste of resources.To what extent do you agree or disagree?The current global extinction crisis is one of the greatest challenges posed by the rapid expansion of human populations. The protection of endangered species, as far as I can see, should be a top priority for three main reasons: economic
28、value, scientific value, and survival value.Wild animals provide many valuable substances, such as meat, skins and furs. The financial value of wild species is important to the economies of many nations. In many countries the recreational viewing of animals at zoos is also a source of revenue.The st
29、udy of wildlife, on the other hand, provides valuable knowledge about various life processes. Such study has helped scientists understand how the human body functions and why people behave as they do. Scientists have also gained medical knowledge and discovered important medical products by studying
30、 wildlife. In addition, by observing the effect of environmental pollution on wild animals, scientists have learned how pollution affects human life.Furthermore, every species of wildlife plays a role in helping maintain the balanced, living systems of the Earth. These systems must continue to funct
31、ion if life is to survive. Thus, the loss of any species can threaten the survival of all life, including human beings.In conclusion, the protection of wild animals in the 21st century is by no means a waste of resources; on the contrary, its importance should ever be more stressed by international
32、organizations, government agencies, industry and individuals for the valuable resources the wild animals provide us and for human survival. (250 words)(三)Some people claim that there are more disadvantages of the car than its advantages.Do you agree or disagree?The current hot issues include the one
33、 of weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the automobile. In my opinion, its advantages outstrip its disadvantages for two major reasons: impact on society and economic impact.Firstly, the development of automobiles has had an enormous effect on peoples way of life throughout the world. The a
34、utomobile has given people freedom of movement. It influences where people live and work and how they spend their leisure time. However, each year, motor vehicle accidents kill an estimated 300,000 people throughout the world. But it is the drivers that are the chief factor in vehicle safety because
35、 they are responsible for about two-thirds of all accidents. Besides, the automobile itself has become safer and modern road building techniques have increasingly lowered the risk of automobile accidents.Secondly, many nations depend on automobile production to provide jobs for millions of workers.
36、Filling stations, restaurants, and other businesses that serve automobile travelers are of major importance to a countrys economy. In addition, many developing nations have begun making automobiles to stimulate industry. For example, China has promoted broad-based automobile manufacturing. However,
37、automobiles produce terrible air pollution that endangers peoples health in many of the worlds big cities. But in many countries, steps have been taken to control air pollution caused by automobiles.In summary, the striking changes in peoples lives and the economic impact created by the automobile i
38、n the early 20th century have since spread across much of the globe and its disadvantages are becoming insignificant. (250 words)(四)Tobacco is a kind of drug. People have been free to sue it. Some people think that it should be illegal to use it comparing with other drugs. To what extent do you agre
39、e or disagree? What is your opinion?The use of tobacco products has been a controversial issue for many years. To my mind, tobacco should in no sense be compared to drugs as illegal, but should not be encouraged either, considering its harm to health.Tobacco has long been a source of money for the g
40、overnments in many countries. This income comes from taxes on the manufactured products. Excise taxes also come from tobacco that arrives from other countries.Yet, cigarette smoking is a leading cause of many life-threatening diseases. During the 1960s, scientists established that smoking tobacco pr
41、oducts especially cigarettes could cause lung cancer, heart disease, and other illnesses.While cigarette smoking has its harm mainly on individuals, drug abuse has a range of potentially harmful effects not only on individuals but also on family, friends, work and society. Cocaine can cause high blo
42、od pressure, leading to a brain stroke. Injecting drugs into the body with contaminated needles can lead to blood poisoning, which may result in death. Sharing needles with a person who has AIDS can give a user those diseases.Frequent drug users may turn to crime to meet the increasing expense for t
43、heir habit. Continued drug use may cause personality changes. Some users lose interest in school or work, or have difficulty meeting the responsibilities of a job or family.To conclude, cigarette smoking, in spite of its harm to a persons health, has the advantage of earning revenue from taxes for a
44、 country and it is incomparable to the lethal drug abuse. (250 words)(五)Some people believe that students who want to go to university after graduation from high school should have about one years time to get a job to obtain work experience or have a travel to enlarge their vision.Do you agree or di
45、sagree? What is your opinion?High school students who intend to study at university should attend tertiary education after graduation. To spend one years time doing a job to acquire work experience or to travel for broadening ones vision is, to my mind, a waste of time and energy.First, university e
46、ducation is the continuation of high school education for those students who want to pursue their learning at an advanced level. A break of one year from academic study will probably weaken ones memory of what has been learned, especially for those who will study such theoretical subjects as mathema
47、tics, physics or chemistry.Besides, many nations have established one examination that all students must pass to qualify for admission to a university. For example, in China there is a college entrance examination. Anyone who fails in the examination will be denied of admission into a university.Fur
48、thermore, one years work or travel does not help students much in their academic studies at university because it is unpredictable for ones work experience to be integrated into ones studies of specific subjects, to say nothing of traveling experience. Even if some subjects, such as MBA, require stu
49、dents to have work experience, one years work experience, however, is not sufficient to meet the requirements of three or five years, and ones work experience should, after all, be related to management.To conclude, I would rather suggest that universitys curriculum allow the integration of academic study with practical training for the compensation for students lack of work experience.(250 words)(六)Some people say that the government should not put money on building theatres and sports stadiums. They should spend more money on medical care and education.
