1、初中英语短语语法详解大全1. 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel ，find，look at+ do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性eg: I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调“我看见了“这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调“我见他正干活“这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。典型例题1）They kne
2、w her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用 see sb do sth 的句型。2）The missing boy was last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play答案 A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用 see sb. doing sth句型。2.
3、 （比较级 +and+比较级） 表示： 越来越怎么样 3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 初中英语短语语法详解大全4. agree with sb 赞成某人 eg: I agree with you.我同意你说的。5. all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一种6. all over the world = the whole world 全世界 7. along with 同一道，伴随 eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 1the students planted trees along with the
4、ir 2teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8. As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9. as you can see 正如你知道的 10. ask for 求助 向要（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 给我的书11. ask sb for sth 向某人要什么 12. ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13. at the age of 在岁时 eg： I am sixteen . 1I am at the age of sixteen 214. at the beginning o
5、f 的起初；的开始 15. at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 初中英语短语语法详解大全eg : At the end of the day 16. at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17. be /feel confident of sth 感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18. be /feel confident that clause +从句 感觉信心，自信.eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English 1I feel that I can pass the test 219.be + do
6、ing 表示：现在进行时 1将来时 220.be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够 eg : She is able to sing. 1She can sing. 221. be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 22. beat bein beon be under1) be at war（正在交战）：The two countries are at war now两国正在交战。（相当于：The two countries are waging a war now）2)be at work（正在工作）：初
7、中英语短语语法详解大全Jim is at work on his car now吉姆正在修自己的车。（相当于：Jim is repairing his car now）3）be at peace（处于和平或平静状态）：Thus Europe was at peace for the first time in ten years于是欧洲在十年以后第一次进入和平状态。4）be at table（正在吃饭）：When I arrived my friends were already at table当我到达时，我的朋友们正在吃饭。常见的这类结构还有：be at meeting 正在开会；be a
8、t school 正在上学；be at breakfast（lunch supper）正在吃早（午晚）饭；be at church 正在做礼拜，等等。bein1） be in progress（正在进展）：The building of the bridge is in progress这座桥梁正在施工中。（相当于：The bridge is being built now）初中英语短语语法详解大全2）be in trade（正在做买卖）：Some people of this country are in gold and ivory trade这个国家的有些人正在做黄金和象牙买卖。 be
9、in fashion（流行）：Long hair is very much in fashion now如今，留长发正时兴。3）be in trouble（处于困境困难之中）：I am in great troubleMy little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself我遇上点麻烦，我的小儿子从梯子上掉下来，并且摔伤了。4）be in danger 处在危险中；5）be in operation 正在运行；6）be in action 在活动（运转战斗）中；7）be in peril 在危险之中；8）be in class 正在上课；9）
10、be in hospital 正在住院；10）be in office 在执政；11）be in tears 正在流泪；be in milk 正在产奶；初中英语短语语法详解大全12）be in issue 正在争论之中；13）be in church 正在做礼拜；等等。beon 引导的介词短语1） be on strike（正在罢工）：The electricity workers have been on strike for several weeks now电力工人到目前已经罢工好几个星期了。（即现在仍在罢工）2）be on leave（正在休假）：Several soldiers ar
11、e on leave in our village几位军人正在我们村子里休假。3）be on the rise（正在上涨）：Prices of vegetables are on the rise蔬菜价格正在上涨。4）be on a visit 正在访问；5）be on the stumps 处在困难之中；6）be on sale 正在出售（美语作：削价出售），等等。be under1） be under consideration（正在考虑之中）：初中英语短语语法详解大全The plan is under consideration by the Ministry of Education教
12、育部正在考虑这项计划。be under construction（正在修建中）：The new railway is still under construction新铁路仍在修筑之中。be under discussion（正在讨论之中）：That issue has no relation to the matter under discussion那个问题和正在讨论的事没有关系。be under treatment正在治疗中；be under repair正在修理中，等等。值得英语学习者注意的是尽管 be介词短语能表示“正在进行“这一意义，但它和 be现在分词所表示的语法意义是有差别的。
13、前者着重事物所处的状态，偏重于静态；后者着重事物的动态，集中表示事物的动感。绝大部分这类结构，其名词前都没有冠词，假如加一冠词，意义将大相径庭。如：The Conservative Party is in office保守党在执政。The principal is now in the office校长现在在办公室。英语学习者对上述差别决不可掉以轻心。1)be tired of和 be sick of都可译为“厌烦、厌腻(做)某事” ，初中英语短语语法详解大全常用 be/get tired of (doing) sth的结构形式。eg：Im/I get tired of watching TV
14、. Lets go for a walk.我厌烦看电视，我们去散步吧。2)be tried from doing和 be tired with都可译为“因而劳累/疲乏” ，常指体力上的疲劳。注意：from 在口语中常可省略，with比较少用。eg：The old lady was tired with her housework.做了家务活，那位老太太累了。Im very tired (from) running as fast as I can. 奋力快跑后，我感觉很疲劳。3)tire作动词，意为“(使)疲倦、厌倦” 。sb tire of sth 意为“某人因而疲劳” Youll soon
15、 tire of such hard work.你很快就会因如此辛劳而疲乏的。sb tire of doing sth 意为“厌烦做”She never tires/gets tired of talking about her children.她不厌其烦地谈她子女的事。sth tire sb out 意为“某事使某人精疲力竭” 。The long walk tired (out) students.长途步行使学生们累了。sb be tired out则意为“某人精疲力竭了” ，其中 out已经表示了 tired的极端程度，因此再不必用 very一类的副词对 tired加以修饰。初中英语短语
16、语法详解大全We were tired out.我们累极了。23. be afraid to do (of sth) 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为“怕“；eg : Im afraid to go out at night. 1Im afraid of（表示原因） dog. 224.be afraid of doing 担心出现 doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕“。She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake
17、.她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。She was afraid to wake her husband.她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。She was afraid of waking her husband.她生怕吵醒她丈夫。 25. be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: Im allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 1I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电 2视 26. be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Dont be angry with me.别生我气。 27. be angry with(a
18、t) sb for doing sth 为某事而生某人的气 28. be as原级as 和什么一样 初中英语短语语法详解大全eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 29. be ashamed to 羞耻于30. be away from 远离 31. be away from 从离开 32. be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 33. be born 出生于34. be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 35.be busy wit
19、h sth 忙于 36.be careful 当心；小心37.be different from 和什么不一样 38. be famous for 以著名 39. be friendly to sb 对某人友好 40.be from = come from 来自eg ： He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from 1Bejing ?Does he come from Bejing ? 241. be full of 装满的42. be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water. 1初中英语短
20、语语法详解大全the glass is filled with water 243. be glad+to+do/从句 很高兴去做某事 44. be going to + v(原） 表示： 将来时 45. be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于 eg : I am good at English. 1I do well in learning English. 246. be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English.大声读对你的英语有好处 47. be happy to
21、 do 很高兴做某事 48. be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 1Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有 2好处 49. be in good health 身体健康 50. be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble. 1They are in tronble 251. be interested in 对某方面感兴趣 52.interested to do 对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。53.in
22、terested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。初中英语短语语法详解大全eg I shall be interested to know what happens. 1我很想知道发生了什么事。 (想了解)eg. Im interested in working in Switzerland. Do you 2have any idea about that?我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? (一种想法)54. be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 55. be like 像 eg : I
23、m like my mother 56. be mad at 生某人的气 57. be made from 由制成(制成以后看不见原材料)eg: Paper is made from wood.58. be made of 由制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)eg: Desk is made of wood.59. be not sure 表示：不确定 60. be on a visit to 参观 61. be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 62 .be quiet 安静 63. be short for 表示：*的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰 (“陶”是陶俊
24、杰的缩写)64. be sick in bed 生病在床 65. be sorry to do sth为做了某事而难过。初中英语短语语法详解大全66. be sorry for sb 为某事某人对不起eg : I am sorry for you 67. be sorry to hear that听到某事而难过68. be sorry to trouble sbeg : I am sorry to trouble you 69. be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : Hes strict in obeying noles 70. be strict with sb
25、 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格 71. be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 72. be supposed to do 被要求干什么 73. be sure 表示：确定 74 .be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning. 1I am sure of learning English well. 275. be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: Im sure of my head
26、 (my teacher) 我相信我的大脑（老师） 76. be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 初中英语短语语法详解大全eg: Im suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试 77. be sure to do sth 一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考 1试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英 2语 78. be terrified of + 名/动 doing 害怕 79. be terrified to do sth 害怕
27、做某事 80. be the same as 和什么一样 81. be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早 1起 He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉 282. be worth doing 值得做什么 83. be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事84.be afraid of sth 害怕某物85.be afraid that 丛句 害怕某事86.because+句子 因为87.because of +短语 因为eg
28、 : He was late because he had a headache 1初中英语短语语法详解大全He was late because of his headache 288. beginwith= startwith 以什么开始什么 eg : Lets begin the game with the song. 1I begin to go home. 289begin / start to do sth开始做某事 90.begin / start doing sth.1) 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用 doing.How old were you when you f
29、irst started playing the piano?你几岁时开始弹钢琴？2) begin, start 用进行时时，后面动词用不定式 to doI was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。3) 在 attempt, intend, begin, start 后接 know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式 to do。 I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。4) 物作主语时It began to melt.91. betweenand 两者之间 92. borrow sth from
30、 sb 向借 93.lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth ) 借给什么东西 初中英语短语语法详解大全eg : I borrowed a pen from him 1he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen) 294. both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同 95. bother sb to do sth打扰某人做某事eg : Im sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to 1way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉
31、我怎么去车站 the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问 2题困扰了我几个周了 Hes bothering me to lend him money.他烦我给他借钱。 396. by the end of 到为止 97. call sb stheg : We call him old wang 98. care 关心 eg : Dont you care about this countrys future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来 99. catch up with sb 赶上某人 100. chat with sb 和某人闲谈 111.
32、take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 112. come in 进来初中英语短语语法详解大全113. come over to 过来 114. come up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？ 115. communicate with sb 和某人交流 116. consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？117. dance to 随着跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the musi
33、c 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞 118. decide to do sth 决定做某事 119. do a survey of 做某方面的调查 120. do better in 在方面做得更好 121. do wrong 做错 122. Dont forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 123. Dont mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意 124. each +名（单数） 每一个eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 125. end up +doing 126. enjoy +doing 喜欢 127. escape fro
34、m 从逃跑初中英语短语语法详解大全eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 128. expect to do sth 期待做某事 129. fall down 摔下来 130.fall off 从哪摔下来 131. fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么 132. far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home 133. find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样 134. find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样eg : I
35、 find the book interesting我发现那本书很有趣。 135. finish +doing（名词） 完成136. fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 137. forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做) 办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)eg: Dont forget to go home .别忘了回家1Dont forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来 2(to come动作未做)The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off
36、.138.forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做) 初中英语短语语法详解大全eg: I forget closing door我忘了关门 1He forgot turning the light off. 2他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)典型例题- The light in the office is still on.- Oh，I forgot_. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off答案：C。由 the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即
37、关灯的动作没有发生，因此用 forget to do sth.而 forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。139. fromto 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her 140. get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了） 1Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔 2掉了（被牙医拔掉了） 141. get a part-time job= find a part-time job 找到兼职工作142. get
38、 along well with sb = get on well with sb 初中英语短语语法详解大全与某人相处得好 143. get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 144. get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math 1I am ready for math 2145. get sb in to trouble 给某人麻烦146. get sb to do sth 147. getfrom 从某处得到某物 148. give a talk 做报告eg: He is
39、give a tall 149. give sth to sb= give sb sth 给某人某物 150. go fish 钓鱼 151.go swimming 游泳 152. go on to do做了一件事后，继续做另一件事After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完数学后，他接着去做物理。153. go on doing继续做原来做的事。Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习154.
40、 go out away=from go out of 155. go to school 上学（用于专业的）初中英语短语语法详解大全156.go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学） 157.good way to 好方法 159.hate to do 讨厌没做过的事160. hate doing 讨厌做过的事 161. have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 162. have a talk 听报告 谈一谈 163. have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking. 1You have been sleepi
41、ng since 2164. have been to +( 地方） 去过某个地方165. have gone to +（地方） 去了某地还没回来 166. have fun +doing 玩得高兴 167. have sth to do 有什么事要做 eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要 1做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做 2168. have to do sth 必须做某事 169. have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦 170. havetime +do
42、ing 171. have(时间)off 放假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假 172. hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事 初中英语短语语法详解大全173. help a lot 很大用处 174. help sb with sth 175.help sb with ones sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）176. help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 177. hope to do sth 希望做某事 178. How about(+doing) = What about(+doing) 179. how do you
43、 like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法 180. ifwether : 是否eg: I dont know if (wether) I should go to the party 1我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会 He dont know if (wether) we will arrive on time 2tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达 181. if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）条件语态从句 eg: Ill go to LuZhou if it doest rain 假如明天不下 1雨，我就去泸州 If they
44、change the plan they will let me know 假 2如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的 Ill go to England ,if I have enough money next 3year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国 182. in ones opinion = sb think 某人认为 183. in some ways 在某些方面 初中英语短语语法详解大全184. in the end = finally(adv) 最后 185. in the north of 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ）
45、186. in the sun 在太阳下 187. increase 增加 eg : Theyve increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把 1石油价增加了 3% the population has increased from 12 million ten 2years ago to 18 million now 188. instead sb to do sth 代替某人做某事189. instead of +（名 ） 代替 eg: Id like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而 1不要梨子 I like Eng
46、lish instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数 2学 190. introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人191. introduce oneself 自我介绍 192. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 It作形式主语或形式表语 to后的句子做真正的主语或表语193. It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间 eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework. 1初中英语短语语法详解大全It takes me half an hour to cook 做饭花了我半
47、小时 2194. Its +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样 195. Its +adj +to do 做某事怎么样 196. Its +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 197. Its +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样 198. Its +adj(for sb) to do （对某人来说） 做某事怎么样199. Its +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样 eg : Its nice of you to help me with my English 200. Its a good idea for sb to
48、 do sth 对 来说是个好主意 201. Its important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: Its important to me 202. Its time to do sth=Its time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间 eg : Its time to have class. 该去上课了Its time for class. 该去上课了 203.join = take part in 参加 204. just now 刚才 205. keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样？ 206. keep out 不让 进入 207. keep sb adj 让保持 1eg: I want to keep my mother happy.初中英语短语语法详解大全keep healthy 保持健康 2208. key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案 209. key to=anser to 某某某的答案key 可以是答题或钥匙 210
