1、毕 业 论 文专 业：矿 山 机 电班级学号：1201 201210043学生姓名： 马 瑞 指导教师： 程辉 讲师二一五年 六 月甘肃有色冶金职业技术学院毕业论文数控机床的应用和发展The application and development of CNC machine tools专业班级：矿山机电学生姓名：马瑞指导教师：程辉 讲师系 别：机电工程系2015 年 5 月III摘 要随着数控加工的日益成熟越来越多的零件产品都用数控机床来加工,因此如何改进数控加工的工艺问题就越来越重要。在数控机床上由于机床空间及机床的其他局限了数控加工的灵活性，这样就要求我们要懂得如何改进加工工艺，提高数控
2、机床的应用范围和加工性能。从而达到提高生产效率和产品质量。数控加工作为一种高效率高精度的生产方式，尤其是形状复杂精度要求很高的模具制造行业，以及成批大量生产的零件。因此数控加工在航空业、电子行业还有其他各行业都广泛应用。然而在数控加工从零件图纸到做出合格的零件需要有一个比较严谨的工艺过程，必须合理安排加工工艺才能快速准确的加工出合格的零件来，否则不但浪费大量的时间，而且还增加劳动者的劳动强度，甚至还会加工出废品来。 一般数控机床的加工工艺和普通机床的加工工艺是大同小异的，只是数控机床能够通过程序自动完成普通机床的加工动作，减轻了劳动者的劳动强度，同时能比较精准的加工出合格的零件。由于数控加工整
3、个加工过程都是自动完成的，因此要求我们在加工零件之前就必须把整个加工过程有一个比较合理的安排，其中不能出任何的差错，否则就会产生严重的后果。关键词：数控加工； 加工工艺； 车孔； 护轴。IIPick toAlong with the increasing maturity of the nc machining products are more and more parts processed by CNC machine,so how to improve the nc machining process problems are more and more important. Due
4、to machine tool space on nc machine tools and other limit the flexibility of nc machine tool, this requires that we want to know how to improve the processing technology, imprve the application range of the nc machine tools and processing performance. To improve the production efficiency and product
5、 quality.As a kind of high efficiency and high precision numerical control processing mode of production, especially the shape of complex high precision mold manufacturing industry, as well as the batch mass production parts. Therefore nc machining in the aviation industry, electronic industry and o
6、ther industries widely used. However in the nc machining from the drawings to make the qualified parts need to have a more rigorous process, must arrange processing technology to rapid accurate processing of qualified parts, otherwise not only waste a lot of time, but also increase the labor intensi
7、ty of workers, even processing waste.General nc machine tool processing technology and processing technology of ordinary machine tool is pretty much the same, just CNC machine can finish automatically by the application of ordinary machine tool processing, reduce the labor intensity of the workers,
8、at the same time can be more precise processing of qualified parts. Due to nc machining of the whole process is done automatically, so for the machining parts before we have to put the whole machining process have a more reasonable arrangement, which cannot be any mistake, otherwise it will have ser
9、ious consequences.Key words: CNC processing; The processing technology; Car hole; To protect the shaft.III目 录摘要.(1) 绪论.(5) 第一章 数控车床的基本组成和工作原理.(5) 1.1 任务准备.(5) 1.1.1 机床结构.(7) 1.2 工作原理.(7) 1.3 数控车床的分类.(7) 1.4 数控车床的性能指标.(6) 1.5 数控车床的特点.(9) 第二章 数控车床编程与操作. .(11) 2.1 数控车床概述.(11) 2.1.1 数控车床的组. (11) 2.1.2 数
10、控车床的机械构成. (11) 2.1.3 数控系统. (12) 2.1.4 数控车床的特点.(12) 2.1.5 数控车床的分类. (13) 2.1.6 数控车床（CJK6153）的主要技术. (13) 2.1.7 数控车床（CJK6153）的润滑. (13) IV第 2.2 节 数控车床的编程方法.(14) 2.2.1 设定数控车床的机床坐标系. (14) 2.2.2 设定数控车床的工件坐标系. (14)第三章 数控车床加工工艺分析.(21) 3.1 零件图样分析. . (21) 3.2 工艺分析.(22) 3.3 车孔的关键技术.(22) 3.4 解决排屑问题.(23) 3.5 加工方法.(24) 第四章 当前数控机床技术发展趋势.(26) 4.1 是精密加工技术有所突破.(26) 4.2 是技术集成和技术复合趋势明显.(26) 结束语.(27) 参考文献.(28) 致谢.(29)II
