1、Pruning,Terms,pruning - removal of parts of the top or root systems of plants fruit spur - stubby, fruit bearing twig,Terms,translocation - movement of water and soluble minerals from one part of the plant to another,Terms,inhibit - prohibit or slow action hormones - chemical compounds produced by p
2、lant. Regulate plant functions,Terms,twig - very small branch of a tree cane - stem of various fruits. Ex: raspberry,Terms,shoot - small outgrowth on a bush,Facts,generally has no specific season continuous process serves a purpose for the plant,Facts,enhances ornamental value generally prune with n
3、atural form of the plant, not against it,Purposes,remove diseased, dead, or damaged limbs restrict or promote growth develop certain forms of growth,Methods of pruning,root shoot or stem,Stem pruning,reduces amount of growth influences vegetative reproductive balance of the plant reduces plant size,
4、 yield, and total amount of growth,Stem pruning,Increases supply of essential elements to the points of growth that remain,Stem pruning,promotes the making of cells and the utilization of carbohydrates stimulates vegetative phase, retards reproductive phase,Root pruning,affects total amount of growt
5、h made reduces amount of available essential elements - causes dwarfing,Root pruning,influences vegetative reproductive balance of plant promotes root growth,Root pruning,favors reproduction, retards vegetative phase used to prepare plants for transplanting,Top Pruning,heading back thinning out,Head
6、ing back,terminal - top portion is removed stimulates development of more points of growth,Heading back,induces compact, dense, or branched type of growth removes hormones that inhibit branching,Thinning out,entire twig, cane, or shoot is removed does not prevent development of lateral buds induces
7、open type of growth,General rules,use correct tools for the job prune back to existing bud or to a side branch never leave a stub!,General rules,cut larger limbs in three steps draw the illustration on the board silly teacher! :),General Rules,pruning in summer results in greater dwarfing than pruni
8、ng in late winter months,General Rules,buy and plant trees and shrubs that have the characteristics and shape that you want,Pruning tools,thumb and forefinger pinch off shoots pinch off unwanted buds, long stems, and fruit spurs snap off faded blooms or seed pods,Edgers,enable user to stand and cut
9、the edges of lawns also used on ground covers,Grass Shear,used to cut grass around sidewalks, driveways and planting beds,Lopping Shears,use when added leverage is needed used for reaching into trees small branches or twigs,Pruning Shears,many types,Hedge Shears,hand operated electric or gas powered
10、,Pruning Saws,cut quickly useful in overhead work straight or curved,Pole Pruners & Saws,used to cut or saw branches high overhead telescoping - go up to 18 feet,How and When,Deciduous Shade Trees when - dormant - early spring before leafing out exception - bleeder trees - Mid June,Bleeder trees,Sug
11、ar Maple,What to look for,Central Leader - single leader multiple leaders - narrow crotch angles in time will break,What to Look for,scaffold branches crotch angle 45-90 degrees limbs spirally arranged prune off lower limbs 8-10 feet high,What to Look for,distance vertically between scaffold branche
12、s lowest branch on SW side remove suckers - weak wood remove hangers,What to Look for,remove water sprouts remove parts growing in toward center of trees,Fruit Tree Pruning,spurs - majority of fruit production is borne on spurs open tree up to let light into spurs spurs bear fruit every other year,E
13、vergreens,dont respond well to pruning broadleaf - like deciduous flowering shrubs,Evergreens,needle types - pines, spruce, fir, juniper, yews, respond better spruce or fir - single needle prune back to 1/4 inch above axillary bud,Junipers & Yews,awl shaped needles prune spring to mid summer when te
14、mperature is above freezing,Pine,candle growth - new growth from tip of branches, milky green color remove 1/3 to 1/2 of candle growth in the spring,Deciduous shrubs,spring flowering - lilac, honeysuckle set flower buds during previous year prune after flowering,Summer flowering,roses, hydrangia set flower buds same year that they flower in spring prune before bud set,Deciduous shrubs,avoid August and September pruning for all deciduous material,
