1、模块二Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained单 词 识 记 /.单词语境记忆1.enough evidence to prove him guilty 足够的证据证明他有罪2.witness the great changes 见证了大的变化3.at the appropriate time 在合适的时间4.land without incident 安全着陆5.go aboard the plane 登上了飞机6.a case in point 明证7.occurred at 5.30 am 发生在清晨 5 点 30 分8.dismiss my proposal 拒绝
2、我的建议.词汇转换与派生记忆1.award n.奖，奖品，奖金vt.授予，奖励2.attack n.攻击；进攻 v.攻击；进攻 3.construction n.施工；建筑物construct vt.建造4.puzzled adj.困惑的，茫然的puzzling adj.令人困惑不解的puzzle vt.使困惑，使难解 n.谜，令人费解的事5.amazing adj.令人惊奇( 惊叹)的amazed adj .吃惊的，感到惊奇的amaze vt .使惊异/惊奇amazement n.惊异，惊奇6.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热烈的；满腔热忱的enthusiasm n.热情7.st
3、atement n.陈述；声明 state v.陈述；声明8.existence n.存在exist vi.存在9.reserve n.(动植物)保护区；储备 vt.预订；保留；储备 reservation n.预订；保留10.strength n.力量，力气strengthen vt.加强，巩固 strong adj .强壮的，有力的11.convince vt.使确信，使相信convincing adj.令人信服的convinced adj .确信的，感到信服的12.survive vi.& vt.生存；挺过(难关)survival n.幸存，生存 survivor n.幸存者13.une
4、xplained adj.无法解释的，神秘的 explain v.解释；说明explanation n.解释；说明14.disappear vi.消失；失踪appear v.出现15.possibility n.可能性possible adj.可能的possibly adv.可能地16.assume vt.假定；认为assumption n.假想17.disagree vi.不同意disagreement n.不同意agree vi.同意agreement n.同意；一致18.injury n.伤害injure v .伤害injured adj.受伤的19.organize vt.组织，筹备；
5、安排，处理organization n.组织；安排20.humour n.幽默humourous adj.幽默的联想记忆1.4 个形似意迥词速记aboard adv .& prep. 在(轮船、飞机等)上abroad adv . 到国外，在国外broad adj. 宽阔的board n. 木板；董事会2.“事事”如意！incident n. 事件matter n. 事件，问题business n. 生意；事情event n. 事件，大事affair n. 事务；私事issue n. 问题，事情3.“发生”一族happen vi. 偶然发生occur vi. 发生，想起take place 发生
6、，举行come about (已经)发生break out 发生，爆发4.“解雇，开除”动词集锦fire 开除，解雇dismiss 解雇；解散discharge 解雇；免除remove 开除；去除5.“信” “不信”由你belief n. 相信；信任；信念faith n. 信任；信念convince v. 使确信；使信服suspect vi.& vt. 怀疑；猜想reliable adj . 可靠的；可信赖的unbelievable adj. 难以置信的6.“保留/存”动词一览remain 剩余；保留reserve 预订；保留preserve 保留；保存conserve 保存，保护短 语 互
7、译 /1.carry out 履行，实施2.run into 偶然遇见，碰到3.step up 加紧，加强，促进4.due to 由于，因为5.show up 出现，现身6.take charge of 负责，掌管7.make_up 编造，捏造，杜撰；构成8.look_into 调查；检查9.separate.from 与分离，脱离10.be_similar_to 与相似11.belong_to 属于12.make_ones_way_to 前往，到去联想记忆1.“因为；由于”短语面面观due to thanks toowing to as a result of.because of on a
8、ccount ofin consequence of. as a consequence of.2.run 相关短语一览run across 偶然碰见run into 偶然遇见；撞上run after 追赶run out 被用完，用光run out of 用完，用尽run for 竞选佳 句 默 写 /1.Witnesses also say they saw_Justin_walking_towards_his_house at 10：45 pm.目击者也说，当晚 10 点 45 分他们看见贾斯廷朝他家的方向走去。2.Standing_inside_were lots of strange
9、creatures with white skin and large black eyes.(飞船)里面站着许多白皮肤的怪物，个个都长着又大又黑的眼睛。3.When_asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson.当被问及贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，侦探萨姆彼得森4.The Yeti is_said_to_be a large，hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.据说，野人是一种体格高大多毛的动物，像
10、人类一样用两脚行走。核心要点突破1.puzzled adj.困惑的；感到迷惑的(1)be puzzled about 对迷惑不解 (2)puzzle vt.& vi. (使)迷惑； (使)为难n. 谜；难题puzzle over/about 苦思冥想； 绞尽脑汁be in a puzzle (about) (对)不知如何是好(3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting，although some are quite happy with it，and activ
11、e in doing it.(2016江苏高考书面表达)尽管有人对投票乐此不疲积极参加，然而很多人对它的负面影响感到困惑。消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。The_firemen_were_in_a_puzzle_about_the_cause _of_the_fire.(puzzle n.)The_firemen_were_puzzled_about_the_cause_of_the _fire.(puzzled adj.)What_puzzled _the_firemen_was_the_cause_of_the_fire.(puzzle v.)When the policeman stop
12、ped us，we all looked questioningly at him_.A.nervously and puzzledB.nervous and puzzlingC.nervous and puzzledD.nervously and puzzling答案 C 此处为形容词短语作伴随状语，排除 A、D 两项；puzzling 令人困惑的；puzzled 感到困惑的。 名师指津 过 去分词是形容词化了的形容词，如puzzled，confused，frightened，excited，surprised 等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如loo
13、k，voice，smile，expression(表情)，face 等。There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.这个小女孩的脸上带着迷惑的表情，因为一道令人迷惑的问题让她感到困惑。2.witness v.目击；见证；证词 n.目击者；证人；证据(1)witness to doing. 为作证；出庭证明；证实(2)a witness to/of. 的证人/证据bear witness to 证明；为作证The tea house witnessed a rea
14、lly enjoyable time for all of us.(2018 北京高考书面表达 )这个茶馆目睹了我们大家的快乐。警方希望任何目击这起事故的人能给他们打电话。The police would like anyone who_witnessed_the_accident to call them.(witness v.)The police would like anyone who_was_the_witness_to_the_accident to call them.(witness n.)The police would like anyone witnessing_the
15、_accident to call them.(现在分词短语作定语)名师指津 动词 witness，see，find，notice，say，discover，observe 等的主语可以是地点名词、时间名词，这是一种拟人修辞法。The 1980s have witnessed increasing unemployment.20 世纪 80 年代见证了不断增长的失业现象。3.assume vt.假定( 设)；设想；认为(1)assume sb/sth to be. 认为某人( 事)It is assumed that. 人们认为 (2)assumption n. 假定；设想；担任；采取on t
16、he assumption that. 假定(3)assuming (that). 假设(引导条件状语从句 )It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.人们普遍认为，压力是工作过多所致。If there wasnt the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like?Assuming_ that_there_wasnt_the_hard_work_of_the_dustman，what can you im
17、agine our environment will be like？(用 assuming that.改写)People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.It_is_assumed_that _what_people_do_has_little_effect_on_the_environment. (用 it 作形式主语改写 )Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this _ is incorrect.A.reflection B.rep
18、utationC.appreciation D.assumption答案 D 句意：近期的科学证据似乎在暗示这个设想是错误的。 reflection 反思，反射；reputation 名誉，名声；appreciation 欣赏， 鉴别；assumption 假定， 设想。名师指津 在英 语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上可直接用作介词或连词。这一类单词有：supposing conj.假设 ；如果；provided/providing conj.假设；如果；given prep .鉴于；考虑到；considering prep.& conj.鉴于；考虑到；concerning p
19、rep.关于；including prep.包括；包含。If it rains tomorrow，shall we put off the sports meeting?Assuming/Supposing/Providing/Provided_(that) it rains tomorrow，shall we put off the sports meeting?如果明天下雨，我们推迟运动会吗？4.occur vi.发生；存在；出现；(想法) 产生(1)sth occurs/occurred to sb某人突然想起某事；某人发生某事It occurs/occurred to sb that.
20、/to do.某人突然想起/去做(2)occurrence n. 出现；发 生；事件It never occurred to/hit/struck me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.我从未想过你会成功地劝说他改变主意。When I got home，I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.When I got home，it_occurred_to_me _that I had left my book in the
21、classroom.(用 occur 改写)Does it ever _ to you that they would be punished for being late?A.strike B.occurC.happen D.appear答案 B 句意：你有没有想过他们因为迟到会受到惩罚？ It occurs to sb that.某人突然想到。名师指津 表示 “某人想起”的句式还有：sth strike/hit sb，sb hit/strike on sth，sth come to sb，sth come into ones mind 等。5.base vt.以为据点(或总部等 )；把(总
22、部等)设在；以为基础 n.根基，基底；底座；根据，出发点；基础(1)base.on/upon. 把建立在；以为根据(2)be based on/upon 以为根据(基础)(3)basis n. 原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础on the basis of 在基础上(4)basic adj. 基本的；基础的As we all know，most of the ratings are based on others judgment on the product or service concerned.(2018江苏高考书面表达)众所周知，大多数的排名是基于他人对有关产品或服务的判断。这家餐
23、馆建立在信任之上，现在运转正常。The restaurant is _based_on_trust，and it is working all right.(based)Based_on _trust，the restaurant is working all right.(分词短语作状语)The restaurant，which_is_based_on_trust，is working all right.(定语从句)With our knowledge _ practice，we can make great contributions to our society.A.to base o
24、n B.basing onC.based on D.base on答案 C 句意：我们的知识以实践为基础，我们能够为社会做出很大的贡献。be based on 以 为基础 ，以 为根据，knowledge 和 base 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故选 C。6.exist vi.存在，生存(1)exist on 靠为生exist in 存在于中There exists/existed. 某地有；存在(2)existence n. 存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在in existence 存在(3)existing adj. (仅用于名词前) 目前的，现存的It
25、 was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。Nowadays，there are still many people wondering when the earth came_into_existence.现在仍有许多人想知道地球是何时产生的。There_exists a good way to solve the_existing_problem in geography.有一个解决现存地理问题的好方法。名师指津 exist 只用作不及物动词，因此没有被动语态，且通常不用于进行时。7.a
26、ward vt.授予；给予；判定 n.奖；奖品(1)award sth to sbaward sb sth把某物颁发给某人(2)win/receive/get an award for因而赢得/得到/获得奖项I am sure that your involvement will not only help us in winning the award but also enhance the friendship between our two schools.(2018天津高考书面表达)相信你的加入不但会帮我们获奖而且会增强我们两校的友谊。They awarded_the_first_p
27、rize_to_John/awarded_John_the_first_prize .他们把一等奖授予约翰。She won/received/got_ an_award_for her outstanding performance.她凭借杰出的表现获得了奖励。The Best FIFA Mens Player of the year 2017 was_ to Cristiano Ronaldo.A.awarded B.rewardedC.gained D.included答案 A 句意：国际足联 2017 年度最佳男足球员奖颁给了克里斯蒂亚洛罗纳尔多。award 授予，符合句意。 rewar
28、d 奖赏， 报答；gain 获得；include 包括。 辨析比较 award，reward，prizeaward 指对完成工作或任务的人授予奖励。常用 award sb sth/award sth to sbreward指对别人的工作、服务或帮助等回报或酬谢，其后只接人或人的行为作宾语。常用 reward sb with sthprize 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖金或有价值的东西选用上述单词填空After being awarded the first prize，he expressed that he would continue to reward the people
29、and the society with his hard work.8.strength n.力量，力气(1)build up ones strength 增强体质have the strength to do sth 有做某事的力气strengths and weaknesses 长处与弱点(2)strengthen vt.& vi. 增强，巩固As for me，Im intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.(2018全国卷
30、 书 面表达)对我而言，陶醉于篮球运动是因为它一直给予我面对生活挑战的力量。As the saying goes，everyone_has_strengths_and_weaknesses .俗话说，每个人都有优点和缺点。Almost all the buildings nearby were pulled down by the _ of the explosion in a gas station.A.force B.strengthC.energy D.power答案 A 句意：附近的房屋几乎都被加油站爆炸的力量给震倒了。 force 此处指“物理学上的作用力，逼迫力” ，符合句意。st
31、rength 人体的力量，力气； energy能量，能源，活力；power 能力，权力。辨析比较 strength，energy，force，powerstrength指人或物内在固有的力。用于人时，指 “力气”或“长处” ；用于物时，指“强度”energy 指人的精力或自然界中的能、能源force 指促使物体运动的外力，也可指势力、武力、暴力、军队等power 指人的能力、权力、影响力、机器 发出的电力等选用上述单词填空David devoted all his energy to his work.One night he came home very late from his offi
32、ce.He found there was a power failure that day.Unfortunately he couldnt find his key anywhere.So he gathered all his strength to open the door by force.The next day he had to pay to have his door repaired.9.convince vt.使确信；使相信；使信服；说服，劝说(1)convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事(2)con
33、vinced adj. 确信的；深信的be convinced of/that. 相信(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的This last argument is the most convincing to me.这最后一个理由对我来说最有说服力。He was convinced of its truth，and he felt pleased.Convinced_ of_its_truth，he felt pleased.(用形容词短语作状语改写 )Although I tried my best to convince them _ the importance and u
34、rgency of the operation，the doctors were not convinced _ it immediately.A.with；to perform B.of；doingC.on； to do D.of；to perform答案 D 句意：虽然我尽力让医生相信这次手术的重要性和紧急性，但是他 们未能被说服尽快做手术。第一空 convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事；第二空convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事。名师指津 要表示使某人相信某事，convince 后不能接双宾语，可用 convince sb of sth 结构。而且不管
35、用于何种结构， convince 后必须要有“人”作其宾语或用被动语态。10.survive vi.& vt.幸免；幸存；活下来；生还(1)survive on 靠 存活下来A survive(s) B (by.) A 比 B 活得长( )(2)survival n. 幸存；残存survivor n. 幸存者The old woman survived her own daughter by ten years.老妇人在她女儿死后又活了十年。The old lady has survived all her children.(翻译句子)这个老太太的子女都先她而去世了。Much to our
36、shock，none of the 100 people were able to _ the gas blast，which brought great grief to their families.A.admit B.surviveC.prove D.relate答案 B 句意：使我们非常震惊的是，100 人中没有一个人在煤气爆炸中幸存，这给他们的家人带来了巨大的伤痛。admit 承认，接受；survive 幸存，幸免；prove证明；relate 使有 联系。名师指津 survive 表示“幸免于”时，是及物 动词，因而不要加多余的介 词in，from 等。11.due to 欠债(账
37、)；归功于；应属于；由于be due to do sth 预期 /预定要做某事be due for sth 期望得到某物In the north of India，the population is booming due to high birth rates.在印度北部，由于出生率高，人口正在迅速增长。The meeting isnt_due_to_start until three.会议预计直到 3 点才开始。The wages due_to_him will be paid tomorrow.他应得的工资明天付给他。Many employees in big cities have n
38、o choice but to live in a narrow room_ skyhigh housing prices.(2019江苏省高考命题研究专家原创卷)A.as to B.due toC.but for D.regardless of答案 B 句意：由于房价太高，大城市的许多雇员没有选择，不得不住在狭小的房间中。due to“因为，由于 ”符合语境。as to“关于” ；but for“要不是” ；regardless of“不管，不顾” 。12.make up 编造，杜撰；组成，构成；化妆；补上；凑数；和好；占make up for 弥补；补偿be made up of(cons
39、ist ofbe composed of)由组成/构成be made of/from 由制成be made into 被制成be made out of 由制成make it 获得成功；约定时间一词多义 写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country.组成，构成I think its very unkind of you to make up stories about him.编造She spent too much time making herself
40、 up.化妆Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？补上They had a violent quarrel yesterday ，but quickly made up again. 和好我们班由 56 位同学组成。Our_ class_is_made_up_of_56_students.(be made up of)56_students_make_up_our _class.(make up)Our_ class_consists_of_56_students.(consist of)Our_ clas
41、s_is_composed_of_56_students.(be composed of)Mars is cooler，which has an atmosphere _ carbon dioxide and its gravity is a third of that on the earth.A.making up of B.makes up ofC.made up of D.to make up of答案 C 句意：火星要凉爽一些，有着由二氧化碳构成的大气，而且它的重力只有地球的三分之一。made up of.是过去分词短语在句中作定语。 名师指津 make up“组成，构成 ”，其被动
42、语态为 be made up of，而不是 be made up by。13.belong to 属于；是的成员；是的组成部分 (1)belong to 无被动语态，无进行时，后接名 词的普通格或代词宾格，其现在分词形式可作后置定语。(2)belongings n.财产；所有物；相关事物选用上述短语填空We had to keep track of our belongings(belong)，and if something was lost，it was not replaced.This is a house belonging(belong) to my grandfather.He
43、walks in and out as if the house belonged to him(he).The English exam is not difficult，is it? _.Even Tom _ to the top students failed in it.A.Yes；belongs B.No；belongedC.Yes；belonging D.No；belonging答案 C 对反义疑问句的回答，无论怎么问要根据客观事实来回答，事实是肯定的就用 yes，事 实是否定的就用 no。根据后面的 语 境看， 应该是肯定的；第二个空作定语，用动词的非谓语形式，又因 为 Tom
44、和 belong 之间存在主谓关系，所以用动词的ing 形式。14.完全倒装结构Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.(教材原句)(飞船)里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。本句为倒装句，结构为“现在分词地点状语be主语” 。正常语序是：Lots of strange creatures.standing inside。由于主语过长，所以使用了完全倒装句。全部倒装句式的其他结构为：(1)表示地点的介词短语/表示 时间、地点的副 词/形容词/分词系动词主语(2
45、)表示方位、时间、地点的副词(out， in，up，away，here，there，now，then 等)谓语动词主语Present at my birthday party were my classmates yesterday.昨天参加我的生日晚会的是我的同班同学。At noon they got to a hill，on top of which stood_a_temple，dating back to hundreds of years ago.中午时，他们爬上了山，这座山的山顶上有一座庙，有几百年的历史了。Out_rushed the students the moment th
46、e bell rang.铃一响，学生们就冲了出去。Nearby，_Mrs.White，stretching out cautiously to collect her costly jewels.(2019苏、 锡、常、 镇四市高三教学情况调研二)A.standing on a wooden box wasB.was standing on a wooden boxC.on a wooden box was standingD.was on a wooden box standing答案 A 句意：在不远处，怀特夫人正站在一个木箱子上面，小心翼翼地伸手收取自己昂贵的珠宝首饰。此处为表语提前引起
47、的全部倒装。名师指津 在倒装句中，当主语为人称代词时，主语与谓语不倒装。The door opened and in he_came.门开了，他进来了。15.sb/sth be said to do sthThe Yeti is said to be a large，hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being(教材原句)据说，野人是一种体格高大多毛的动物，像人类一样用双脚行走。(1)Sb/Sth be said/thought/believed/reported/.to do/to be doing/to have done，根据动词不定式和 said 动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式。(2)此结构还可以 转变为以下句型结构：It is said/thought/believed/reported that.据说/人们认为/大家相信/ 据报道China is said to succeed in Moon Landing Pl
