1、课时作业(五) 必修 Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019成都测试 Beginning life at college naturally develops both excitement and anxiety for many reasons. For some students, this feeling is quickly overcome as they adapt
2、to a new environment; for others the change takes longer and sometimes appears as homesickness.If you are homesick, you might notice changes in the following：Low energy or motivation.Trouble sleeping.Increases/decreases in appetite.Having difficulty with school.Increased use of drugs or alcohol.Lack
3、 of interest or involvement in new surroundings.CausesThe distance from home the farther you go, the worse it may be.Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of college life.You have finally arrived at college after working toward it for so long.A heavy workload.Students who are
4、homesick often feel they have no control over their environment.What might help?Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind, but also give yourself time within the college to begin to get involved there.Be realistic about what to expect from college life and from yourself. Set up a bal
5、ance between work and leisure.If work is proving too difficult, you may need to improve your study skills or your organization of time.Remember to get enough food and sleep! These affect you emotionally as well as physically.Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other
6、 interests.If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek professional help either from your adviser or dean or the counseling service.体裁：应用文 题材：学校生活 主题：大学新生会出现的想家现象【语篇解读】 本文对大学新生会出现的想家现象进行分析并提出了解决办法。【难句分析】 If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek pr
7、ofessional help either from your adviser or dean or the counseling service.分析：本句是 if 引导的条件状语从句。译文：如果你不能进行正常的社交和学术活动，可以向你的指导老师或系主任或咨询服务机构寻求专业的帮助。1What might be a sign of feeling homesick?AFeeling like quarreling with someone else.B Becoming interested in study than ever before.C Finding food or fruit
8、 less attractive.DParticipating in almost all activities in college.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文中“If you are homesick, you might notice changes in the following”下面的第三点“Increases/decreases in appetite”可知，想家的时候会出现的现象有很多，没有食欲是其中的一种。因此正确答案为 C。选项 D “参加大学中几乎所有的活动”与文中的“Lack of interest or involvement in new surround
9、ings”不一致，所以是错误的。2New college students might be homesick because _.Athey are never far away from their parentsB they feel upset about something unexpectedC they suddenly do not have anything to doDthey do not like the college they are in答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据 Causes 下面的第二点“Unhappiness when things are diff
10、erent from your expectations of college life”可知，当事情和他们预料的大学生活不一样时而出现不开心的情绪是大学新生想家的原因之一，故正确答案为 B。3Which of the following measures might be helpful for homesick students according to the text?AKeeping their old friends left behind.B Reminding themselves to keep busy and forget it.C Forcing themselves
11、to stay in their dorms on weekends.DMaking friends through sports.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据 What might help 下面的内容“Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests”可知，通过参加体育运动交朋友有助于缓解学生的想家情绪，因此正确答案为 D 项。B2019陕西摸底考试 Thomas Hardy, probably the most searching and knowledgeab
12、le novelist of his time, was born on June 2,1840, in Dorsetshire, England. He died on January 11, 1928. In his youth, Hardy read much and dreamt of becoming a poet, but he studied and practiced architecture as an assistant to a London architect, winning a prize for design. The fine descriptions of s
13、tructure in his novels were probably somewhat due to his architectural training.For five years Hardy worked hard to practice writing poetry, but when he was twentyseven, he turned to fiction. His first novel finished by 1867, but according to the advice of George Meredith he decided not to publish i
14、t. After he abandoned his first novel, his another novel Desperate Remedies, appeared in 1871. During the next twentyfive years he published ten more novels and two collections of short stories.Under the Greenwood Tree (1872) was never surpassed (超越) in happy and delicate perfection of art. This and
15、 his next novel, A Pair of Blue Eyes (1873), began to show deep irony (讽刺) which is so obvious throughout Hardys writings.Far from the Madding Crowd (1874) was his first popular success. It shows Hardys amazing power of describing nature as symbolic background for his characters, an organic part of
16、the action of his story. This was the earliest of what he called his novels of character and environment, which included The Return of the Native, Tess of the dUrbervilles, his masterpiece, and Jude the Obscure. Not until he was fiftyeight years old was his first collection of poems published, and h
17、e was sixtyfour when the first part of his drama The Dynasts surprised the literary world.体裁：记叙文 题材：人物传记 主题：作家 Thomas Hardy【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作家 Thomas Hardy 和他的一些作品。【难句分析】 Not until he was fiftyeight years old was his first collection of poems published, and he was sixtyfour when the first part o
18、f his drama The Dynasts, surprised the literary world.分析：本句是 and 连接的并列句；前面是 Not until 引导的时间状语从句，因 not until 位于句首，故主句部分进行了倒装；后面的句子包含了一个 when 引导的时间状语从句。译文：直到他五十八岁，他的第一本诗集才出版，并且当他的诗剧列王的第一个部分震惊了文学界时，他已经六十四岁了。4How did Thomas Hardy benefit from his architectural career?AHe could practice writing while wor
19、king.B He made a lot of money to support his writing.C He found material for his novels and poems.DHe applied architectural knowledge in his novels.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“The fine descriptions of structure in his novels were probably somewhat due to his architectural training”可知，在他的小说中细腻的结构描述可能得益于
20、他在建筑方面的学习训练，即他把建筑知识应用到了他的小说中，故选 D 项。5What is Thomas Hardys Under the Greenwood Tree considered to be?AOne of his masterworks.B His first popular success.C His best novel in perfection of art.DOne of his best collections of poems.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“Under the Greenwood Tree (1872) was never surpa
21、ssed (超越) in happy and delicate perfection of art”可知， 绿树林下 在艺术的恰当和熟练方面从未被超越。6Which of the following is one of his novels of character and environment?ADesperate RemediesB A Pair of Blue EyesC Tess of the dUrbervillesDThe Dynasts答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第四段第三句“This was the earliest of what he called his nove
22、ls of character and environment, which included The Return of the Native, Tess of the dUrbervilles, his masterpiece, and Jude the Obscure”可知， Tess of the dUrbervilles 是性格和环境小说，故选 C。7What type of writing is this text?AA novel. B A biography.C A book review. DA news report.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍
23、了作家 Thomas Hardy 和他的一些作品，属于人物传记，故选 B。C2019合肥质检 In todays society, language plays a key role in defining gender (性别) by vocabulary, and also the nonverbal (非语言的) vocabulary. Each one of these different types of ways of communicating is obviously different between men and women.Many different studies
24、show that men tend to talk much more than women. It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men; this is due to the fact that women tend to be interrupted more often than men are, and also have the ability to speak more clearly, precisely，and more quickly than men. In one study it
25、was found that women spoke for an average of three minutes describing a painting, as opposed to the thirteenminute average it took men to describe it.Men and women also tend to have a very different nonverbal way of communicating, which can also make it very hard for one another to understand what t
26、he opposite sex is trying to say. Mens body language is much more reserved when they are talking to women. Men tend not to make as much eye contact and they generally stay farther away from women when talking to them. Men avoid other peoples body space while talking, and they also tend to sit back w
27、hen talking. All of these have given off the impression of disinterest or boredom. Women are by far better listeners and much more enjoyable to talk with and they tend to raise more topics for conversation.Women also make it clearer whether or not the conversation is going somewhere or just stuck in
28、 neutral. After learning about our styles of communicating with each other, I have decided that although men have not quite mastered communicating, what fun would it be if we all spoke the same “language”？ The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost. The questi
29、on everyone asks himself or herself after talking with someone of the opposite sex, “I wonder if theres something there？” would no longer exist.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了男性和女性因性别差异而导致在沟通方式上也有所不同的现象。【难句分析】 Men and women also tend to have a very different nonverbal way of communicating, which can also make it ver
30、y hard for one another to understand what the opposite sex is trying to say.分析：本句是一个复合句。which 引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面的整个句子；it 作形式宾语，不定式 to understand. to say 作真正的宾语；what 引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中作宾语。译文：男性和女性在非语言的表达方式上通常也是不同的，这也让彼此在理解对方所说的话上变得非常困难。8What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ATh
31、e differences between mens and womens languages.B The different speed of mens and womens speech.C The ability of mens and womens spoken language.DThe nonverbal vocabulary of men and women.答案与解析：B 考查代词指代。由 this 承接第二段中的 “It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men”可推知，此处的 this 指代女
32、性比男性说话快的现象，故选 B。9In what way do men and women differ according to the third paragraph?ASpeed of understanding.B Understanding of speech roles.C Politeness of communication.DApplication of body language.答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第三段的整体内容，尤其是该段第二句“Mens body language is much more reserved when they are talking
33、to women”可推知，本段主要讲的是男性和女性在非语言表达方式上的不同，即肢体语言使用上的差异，故选 D。10What is the authors attitude to the differences between mens and womens communication?ACautious. B Favorable.C Ambiguous. D Skeptical.答案与解析：B 考查观点态度。根据最后一段第二句和第三句“After learning about our styles of communicating with each other, I have decided
34、 that although men have not quite mastered communicating, what fun would it be if we all spoke the same language？The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost”可推知，作者对男性和女性在沟通的差异性上持赞成态度，故选 B。 cautious“谨慎的” ；favorable “赞成的 ”；ambiguous“模棱两可的” ；skeptical“怀疑的” 。11What
35、 is the best title for the text?AWomen, born excellent talkersB Mens and womens social rolesC Vocabulary and communicationDOpposite gender, different language答案与解析：D 考查标题判断。根据第一段的话题导入，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是男性和女性因性别差异而导致在沟通方式上也有所不同，故选 D。D2019贵阳监测 A new library in Tianjin Tianjin Binhai Public Library
36、recently became an online hit. The Daily Mail described it as the “worlds ultimate (终极的) library”， while the word “breathtaking” was the choice of Newsweek magazine. One look at the library and youll see why. With its futuristic (未来派的) design and walls loaded with books, its the dream library of eve
37、ry book lover.But as the surprise continues, theres a burning question lying in the back of our minds: When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries safe from the wave of digitization (数字化)? And do we really still need libraries now that weve got the Internet in our hand
38、s?Reporter Ian Clark has the answer. “Libraries are not declining in importance people are simply changing the way they use them， ” he wrote on The Guardian website.What Clark means is that libraries have shifted from simply being storehouses of books to a medium to help “bridge the gap between the
39、haves and the havenots”， according to website Libraries Are Essential. Since not everyone can afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow to search the Internet correctly and efficiently, its public libraries that make sure that these resources and techn
40、ologies are available to a larger group of people.“Nobody is trying to sell you anything in the library. There is no pressure to buy and there is no judgment of your choices， ” Anne Goulding, a professor at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, wrote on the Newsroom website. “There are f
41、ew other spaces that you can just be in without somebody questioning your presence or your motivation.”【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了在数字化时代，图书馆存在的原因。【难句分析】 Since not everyone can afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow to search the Internet correctly and eff
42、iciently, its public libraries that make sure that these resources and technologies are available to a larger group of people.分析：本句是一个复合句，其中包含 Since 引导的原因状语从句，原因状语从句中又包含由 and 连接的两个并列句，主句为 its public libraries. people，是强调句型。译文：因为不是每个人都能买得起智能手机、平板电脑或能连接到互联网，而且不是每个人都知道正确和高效地搜索互联网的窍门，正是(有了) 公共图书馆( 才)确保这
43、些资源和技术可以提供给更大的人群。12What cause book lovers to like Tianjin Binhai Public Library?ABreathtaking magazines.B Worlds ultimate buildings.C Design and book walls.DDigitization.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“One look at the library and youll see why. With its futuristic (未来派的) design and walls loaded with books, i
44、ts the dream library of every book lover”可知，让图书爱好者喜欢上天津滨海公共图书馆的是它的设计和书墙。13Where does the text most probably come from?AA fiction. BA tour guide.C A newspaper. DA book.答案与解析：C 考查文章出处。根据第一段中的“A new library in Tianjin Tianjin Binhai Public Library recently became an online hit. The Daily Mail described
45、 it as the worlds ultimate (终极的) library”可知，这篇文章可能出自报纸。14Why are physical libraries necessary to exist?AEveryone has a phone with them.B Some people are still used to the old ways.C More and more people use computers.DPeople can buy what they want there.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Since not everyone can
46、afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow. are available to a larger group of people”可知，由于并不是每个人都能通过网络获取知识，所以一些人依然在使用老方法，即去图书馆获取知识。15What does the text mainly talk about?ALibraries living on in the digital age.B Internet libraries nowadays.C Physical l
47、ibraries in the past.DPeoples dream libraries.答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。根据全文内容尤其是第二段中的“When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries. now that weve got the Internet in our hands”可知，这篇文章的主旨是在数字化时代，图书馆仍将继续存在。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019四川评
48、估 Everyone has someone whos wronged them in one way or another. Yet forgiveness is something you can achieve as long as you take the following steps.Decide you want to choose forgiveness.The first step toward achieving forgiveness is to decide its something you actually want to do, not something som
49、eone has pressured you into trying. _16_ Also forgiveness doesnt mean excusing or forgetting an injustice, or returning to a relationship thats harmful._17_Its kind of a checklist: How are you doing in terms of your anger? How have you been denying it? Are you angrier than you thought you would be? _18_ Tiredness is the most common physical complaint, as is a pessimistic worldview
