1、课时作业(四) 必修 Unit 4 Earthquakes.阅读理解A2019江西联考 In 2014 my best friends mother died of cancer. It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his family back on their feet. If you asked my friends about my mother, they would say, “That woman has a heart of gold.” I a
2、gree one hundred percent.I think the reason why she is such a wonderful person is that the Holy Spirit lives within her. She is very holy and has persuaded me to go to church with her every Sunday.About six years ago my mom decided to pursue her lifelong goal of becoming a teacher. She knew it would
3、 be hard work raising three kids, doing housework and studying at the same time. However, she believed it would pay off. What my mother didnt realize was that not all things pay off in this unfair world. After four hard years of school, she graduated on a warm spring day. It was unbelievable. My aun
4、t drove up from Virginia to celebrate this fantastic day. It was the first time I had ever cried about being happy.Its strange how fast a life can change. Two months later, the unpredictable happened. My mother was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症). I could not believe this could happen aft
5、er all the good she had done for people. I was very confused and cried every day. My faith in God just disappeared and so did my moms dream of becoming a teacher.Then, I decided I must move on with my life and accept the fact that she might never get better. Since my decision, I have become more mat
6、ure, responsible and active in school and work. Through the years I have always been able to change negative situations into positive ones. Im happy with my life now.【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了乐观、积极上进的母亲影响作者的故事。【难句分析】 I think the reason why she is such a wonderful person is that the Holy Spirit lives within her.
7、分析：本句是一个复合句。why 引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语，修饰先行词 reason；that 引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成分。译文：我认为她是这样一个优秀的人的原因是圣灵住在她的内心。1Which of the following can best describe Alice?AHonest. BHelpful.C Greedy. DUnconcerned.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句“It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his f
8、amily back on their feet”可知，母亲乐于帮助他人，故选 B项。2What else did Alice have to do when studying?ADrive a car and go to church.B Teach students and raise kids.C Do housework and teach at school.DLook after children and keep house.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“She knew it would be hard work raising three kids, doi
9、ng housework and studying at the same time”可知，母亲在学习的同时还要照顾孩子、做家务，选 D。3According to the text, the authors mother _.Arecovered from illnessB no longer had faith in GodC didnt realize her dream as a teacherDchanged negative situations into positive ones unwillingly答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段最后一句“My faith in
10、 God just disappeared and so did my moms dream of becoming a teacher”可知，母亲因为患病，成为教师的梦想就破灭了，故选 C。4Which of the following is the best title for the text?AFighting Against Kinds of DiseasesB Mother Gave Me Life ExperienceC Belief in God Brought Me Good LuckDHow to Become a Responsible and Active Man答案与
11、解析：B 考查标题判断。根据文章的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了乐观的母亲对作者的积极影响，使作者成为一个积极面对生活的人，故选 B。B2019江西联考 In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went like this: A man is stuck up
12、to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, “No, thanks. Ive got a good horse under me.”The city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasnt enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only
13、 two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the citys streets by as much as 12 feet.This of course created a new
14、problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into mainfloors, or hoist (吊起) the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small w
15、oodframe buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a sixstory brick building?Thats where George Pullman came in. He had developed some housemoving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman woul
16、d place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath the buildings foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullmans sign each man turned his jackscrews by the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tre
17、mont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didnt even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicagos early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicagos waste water was
18、draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the citys next step was to clean the polluted river.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了芝加哥为了应对洪水泛滥的问题而实行了一些解决方案的故事。5The author mentions the joke in Paragraph 1 to show _.Ahorses were fairly useful in ChicagoB Chicagos streets were extremely muddyC Chicago was very dangerous i
19、n the springDthe Chicago people were particularly humorous答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第一段第一句“In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses and carts got stuck”可推知，作者提及这个笑话是为了表明芝加哥的街道非常泥泞，故选B。6The city planners were convinced by El
20、lis Chesbrough to _.Aget rid of the street dirtB lower the Chicago RiverC fight against heavy floodsDbuild the pipes above ground答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt”可知，El
21、lis Chesbrough 让城市规划者相信在地上建管道才能解决洪水泛滥所带来的问题，故选 D。7What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?AIt went on smoothly as intended.B It interrupted the business of the hotel.C It involved Pullman in turning ten jackscrews.DIt separated the building from its foundation.答案与解析：A 考查
22、细节理解。根据第五段内容可推知，用螺旋千斤顶把 the Tremont Hotel 升高的事项进展顺利，故选 A。8The passage is mainly about the early Chicagos _.Apopular lifestyles and their influencesB environmental disasters and their causesC engineering problems and their solutionsDsuccessful businessmen and their achievements答案与解析：C 考查主旨大意。结合全文可知，本
23、文主要讲的是早期芝加哥如何应对洪水泛滥的问题的故事，故选 C。.七选五2019惠州调研 By 2025, water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people. In a world where water resource is increasingly short, nations cannot afford to waste it. _1_ After we use water in our homes and businesses, it is washed away, and takes many valu
24、able resources with it.Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients. _2_ A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants. They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy, and produce “new water” that can be reused. But more than 80% of all waste water still c
25、urrently flows into natural ecosystems, polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it._3_ This is still better than the situation in smaller cities. In Latin American countries, those living in small and mediumsized cities at most treat it in the for
26、m of septic tanks (化粪池) that lack regular and proper maintenance.Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land: on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife. Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy. T
27、he energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild. This is not a dream project. _4_ A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments. Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries, they found that, dep
28、ending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland, up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water. _5_ABut that is exactly what we do.B This can provide easy access to clean water.C There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.DA
29、 constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.EThis would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.FIf collected and treated properly, it could provide “new water”，fertilizer, and energy.GAlthough waste water systems in large cities are effecti
30、ve, the whole procedure usually costs much.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当前世界水资源的现状以及有效利用水资源的方法。1答案与解析：A 上文说在水资源短缺的大环境下，很多国家不能承担浪费(的后果)，下文说我们用完水后，就直接把水冲走。根据上下文可知，A 项“但是那正是我们所做的”与此处匹配，起承上启下作用，故选 A。2答案与解析：F 上文说废水富含碳元素和养分，而 F 项说如果收集和处理得当，它就能提供“新的水” 、肥料和能量，前后形成语义上的衔接，故选 F。3答案与解析：G 下文讲述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的废水处理系统缺乏常规和合适的维
31、护，而 G 项提到大城市的废水处理系统有效但成本高，与本段内容吻合，故选 G。4答案与解析：D 上文提到在这些小城市建造湿地环境的设想，下文提到已经有科学家在研究建造的湿地环境的潜力了，由此可知，D 项“建造的湿地环境已经在小范围的实践中了”符合语境。5答案与解析：E 上文讲述的是这种解决方案的另一种好处是人们可以用废水灌溉农田，而 E 说这可以减少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后语意衔接，故选 E。.短文改错2019南昌模拟 There is too many people and too many pollution on the earth. If we moved to the
32、moon one day, how would life be like there?In my opinion, life would be much more comfort on the moon than on the earth. There wouldnt be pollution or traffic jam. We could go wherever we like in one minute by the spaceship, which would be much fast than a train or an airplane. We would eat whatever
33、 you like without being concerned unhealthy ingredients. This is a place where I am always dreaming about.答案：There i too many people and too man pollution on the s are y muchearth. If we moved to the moon one day, ho would life be like w whatthere?In my opinion, life would be much more comfor on t c
34、omfortablethe moon than on the earth. There wouldnt be pollution or traffic ja. We could go wherever we like in one minute by spaceship, m jams which would be much fas than a train or an airplane. We would t fastereat whatever yo like without being concerned unhealthy u we aboutingredients. This is
35、a place wher / I am always e that/which erdreaming about.is 改为 are。考查主谓一致。 there be 句型的谓语遵循就近原则，谓语动词要和后面的 too many people 保持一致，故用复数形式。many 改为 much。考查限定词。 pollution 是不可数名词，故用 much。how 改为 what。考查代词。What is sb./sth. like？是固定句型，like 是介词，故本句中用 what。comfort 改为 comfortable。考查形容词。much more 一般修饰形容词或者副词，此处为系表
36、结构，故用 comfort 的形容词形式。jam 改为 jams。考查名词复数。那里可能没有污染，也没有交通堵塞。traffic jam 意为“交通堵塞” ，为可数名词词组且其无限定词修饰，故用复数形式。删除 the。考查冠词。 “by交通工具”表示出行的方式时，名词用单数形式，且不用冠词修饰。fast 改为 faster。考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级的标志词，much、far 等副词后常跟形容词或副词的比较级，表示程度。you 改为 we。考查代词。与主句主语 We 呼应，故用 we 作从句的主语。在 concerned 后加 about。考查介词。be concerned about 意为“对担心的” ，后跟名词或代词等作宾语。where 改为 that/which 或删除 where。考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，关系代词在从句中作 about 的宾语，指代先行词 place，故将 where 改为 that/which 或删除 where。
