1、阅读理解模拟检测(二)(共 3 篇，限 时 20 分钟)ABee see, bee do. At least thats the conclusion of research published earlier this month in the journal PLOS Biology, showing that bumblebees learn to solve problems by watching each other.In the first study of its kind in insects, scientists constructed experiments that
2、challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar (花蜜) The scientists hoped their study would throw light on a bigger picture: how social learning spreads through a population.In the study, Lars Chittka from Queen Mary University of London and his team made artificial flowers and
3、filled them with artificial nectar made of sugar water. They put the flowers under a clear type of plastic and attached a string.Then they added bees. While most of the insects failed to reach the nectar, a few eventually figured out how to access it, by pulling the string.The team discovered that t
4、hey could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent (透明的) box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string. Then, when the boxed bees were released, they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.Next, the
5、researchers added a bee that was experienced in string pulling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before. Within a short time, about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings. That result suggests the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee, similar to th
6、e way cultural ideas spread in other animals, including people.The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国科学家通 过实验发现 ，蜜蜂可以从同伴那里学会新技能。1What happened after the bee pulled the string?AIt joined others. BIt saw
7、 flowers.CIt found water. DIt got nectar.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar (花蜜)” 和第五段内容可知，蜜蜂把绳拉动之后就可以得到花蜜。2Why was an experienced bee added to new bee groups?ATo reduce the difficulty of the experiment.BTo watch the process of string pulling.CTo carry the experi
8、ment further.DTo keep the bees interest.解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的 “placing them inside a transparent (透明的) box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string”和倒数第二段中的“each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before”可知，在后一个实验中，蜜蜂面临的挑战升级，这样做的目的就是使研究更深入。3What does the study
9、 find?AMost animals create their own cultures.BStrings are particularly attractive to bees.CAnimals may have good social learning ability.DBumblebees may be smarter than other bee species.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 “the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee, similar to the way cultural ideas spr
10、ead in other animals, including people”和最后一段中的“social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought”可知，这项研究发现动物们可能具有良好的相互学习的能力。BWhen I go to a new place the first thing I like to do is walk around the streets, to explore and get lost in the city. When I first a
11、rrived in Santiago, Chile, and took a walk around the city centre, one of the first things I noticed was how many street dogs there were.On every corner there was a sleeping dog. At every traffic light there was a dog waiting to cross. By every shop there was a dog waiting for food. At first I was n
12、ervous as I thought they might be aggressive. However, I have been here for more than a year now and every street dog I have seen has been passive, quiet and friendly.The dogs are accepted and welcomed here in Chile. I have never seen a street dog being mistreated. In fact, they are often given food
13、 and water by the public. Some people even make jackets for the dogs or put out beds or doghouses for them to sleep in.However, the dogs do not have an easy life: they are often hungry, cold or injured. The government does not provide much care for these dogs.Some people believe that the situation i
14、s getting out of control and that it is unacceptable to have so many dogs on the streets. The dogs can sometimes cause problems such as car accidents if they run into the road. There are about 2.5 million street dogs in Chile and the dog population is growing faster than the human population. Many C
15、hileans think that all the street dogs should be sterilized (使绝育 ) so that they cannot breed. Others think that people should reduce the dog population by killing them.The future of street dogs is uncertain but for now it looks like they are here to stay, with their population expanding year by year
16、.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者初到智利就 发现那里的流浪狗很多，且其数量还在不断增加。由此引发的问题引起了人 们的关注。4What caught the authors attention after his arriving in Santiago?AFine local shops. BLots of street dogs.CMany cute pet dogs. DBroken traffic lights.解析：选 B 细节理解题。由第一段末的“one of the first things I noticed was how many street dogs there wer
17、e”及第二段开 头的“On every corner . for food.”可知，作者刚到圣地亚哥就注意到那里大量的流浪狗。5What do we know about street dogs in Chile?APeople are nice to them.BMany of them are mistreated.CMany of them have been killed.DThe government tries to help them.解析：选 A 推理判断题。由第三段可知，当地的人们对流浪狗很好，给它们提供食物和住处等。6What is Paragraph 5 mainly a
18、bout?AThe future of Chileans.BHow to help street dogs.CWhat to do with street dogs.DThe problems faced by street dogs.解析：选 C 段落大意题。由第五段可知，智利的流浪狗数量大且增长快，由此引发了一些问题。针对如何解决流浪狗 这一问题，人 们有不同的看法。CPamela Malhotra and her husband Anil KMalhotra have spent the last 25 years buying abandoned agricultural land a
19、nd reforesting it, to return the land to a biodiverse rainforest for elephants, birds and other creatures.The couple owns 300 acres of land in Brahmagiri, India. Theyve spotted more than 300 kinds of birds as well as many rare and threatened animal species.But, this was not the scene in 1991 when An
20、il and Pamela came to this part of the country.“When I came here, it was a wasteland.The owner wanted to sell because he couldnt grow coffee or anything else here， ” says Anil who worked in the real estate (房地产) and restaurant business in the US before moving to India.“For me and Pamela, this was wh
21、at we were looking for all our life.”The couple had a love for nature from their childhood.When the Malhotras came to India, the pollution horrified them.“That was when we decided to do something to reclaim (开垦) the forests in India， ” says Anil.“We were not looking for money.Early on, we realized t
22、hat shortage of fresh water will be a concern for India and the rest of the world.Acquisition, protection and reclamation of forested lands and wildlife habitat, where vital water sources have their origin, is the only way to save ourselves， ” explains Anil.They sold property they owned in America,
23、bought the first 55 acres and began to grow a forest.Soon, they bought the land nearby as well.“Many of the farmers considered their holdings wasteland as very little grew on it and were happy to get money， ” says Anil.Hunting and poaching (偷猎 ) was a challenge and often the locals did not understan
24、d what this couple was doing, so it required a lot of talking to create awareness.They worked with the forest department to set up camera traps and keep poachers away.“There are times I have fought with poachers， ” says Pamela.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一 对美国夫妇在印度买下三百英 亩的废弃土地，植 树造林，造福后代。7Why did the Malhotras bu
25、y the wasteland in India?ATo build a private zoo.BTo preserve the environment.CTo develop the local agriculture.DTo protect rare birds and animals.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“buying abandoned agricultural land and reforesting it .birds and other creatures”和第三段中的“the pollution horrified them”可以推知，Malhotra 夫
26、妇买下农民废弃的土地是为了解决当地的污染问题，保护环境。8What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?AThe land. BThe coffee.CThe restaurant. DThe scene in 1991.解析：选 A 代词指代题。根据第二段中的 “it was a wasteland. The owner wanted to sell . looking for all our life.”可知， 这样的土地正是 Malhotra 夫妇一直在寻找的。9What can be infe
27、rred about the Malhotras?AThey had a tough life in America.BThey lived in harmony with nature.CThey made a lot of money in India.DThey found important water sources.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They ve spotted more than 300 kinds of birds .was not the scene in 1991”可知， 经过 Malhotra 夫妇的努力，他们买下的废弃土地已经发生了很大变化，吸
28、引了许 多鸟类和珍稀动物。由此可 见 ，他们与大自然和谐相处。10What might the Malhotras think of the local farmers?AThey are greedy for profits.BThey are ready to help others.CThey lack environmental awareness.DThey have no knowledge of agriculture.解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hunting and poaching (偷猎) was a challenge .talking to create awareness.”可以推知，Malhotra 夫妇认为当地农民缺乏环保意识。
