1、阅读理解-细节理解三1、 As the Earth warms from the increase of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, the oceans that cover 70 percent of its surface are warming too. This warming will likely benefit some sea species at the expense of others.A study in the May 20 issue of the journal Nature confirmed that there ha
2、s been a warming trend in the worlds oceans since 1993, as the waters have absorbed much of the extra energy in the planets atmosphere.The warming that has already occurred, and is expected to continue in the coming decades, will likely spell bad news for many ocean species, such as corals and speci
3、es that live in the cold waters of the planets poles. But some creatures beneath the ocean surface might actually have an advantage in the newly wanned waters.A 2008 study, for example, said that a warming of just a few degrees Fahrenheit in Antarctic waters could make them suitable to sharks,which
4、havent lived in the area for about 40 million years. Its easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism in warmer waters. If sharks do move into the area,they could cause damage to the existing ecosystems of the oceans around Antarctica.A study of starfish found these typical ocean creatures grew f
5、aster in water at warmer temperatures and higher carbon dioxide levels ( another result of all the extra greenhouse gas in the atmosphere) than at normal conditionswhich is bad news for the shellfishes they live on.Work by Jeremy Jackson, a professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the Uni
6、versity of California at San Diego, suggests that ocean warmingalong with other threats such as overfishing and habitat destructioncould change once complex ocean ecosystems into ones that favor simpler species, such as microbes, toxic algal blooms and jellyfishes.1.How is Paragraph 3 developed?A.By
7、 giving examples.B.By analyzing causes.C.By making comparisons.D.By making classifications.2.What can we know about sharks from the fourth paragraph?A.They are native to Antarctic waters.B.They do harm to the whole ecosystem.C.Theyre adaptable to warmer water conditions.D.They threaten simpler speci
8、es in Antarctic waters.3.What will ocean warming likely bring about?A.Promoting the growth of starfish.B.An ecosystem of smaller creatures.C.Different food sources for sea creatures.D.Damaging living places of deep-sea species.4.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To explain why ocean warming benef
9、it some species.B.To introduce how creatures survive in warmer oceans.C.To clarify some misunderstandings about ocean warming.D.To show which creatures will benefit from warmer oceans.2、 Steven Weinberger is the director of linguistics in the English Department at George Mason University in Fairfax,
10、 Virginia. He says students in his beginning phonetics class are mostly interested in teaching English as a second language. They wanted to study how non-native speakers pronounce different sounds.“So we sent the students out to record non-native speakers, and we compared those speakers to each othe
11、r and to native speakers of English,” said Steven Weinberger.Professor Weinberger wrote a paragraph for all of the speakers to read. The paragraph uses common words but contains almost all of the sounds used in English. Here is that sixty-nine-word paragraph:“Please call Stella. Ask her to bring the
12、se things with her from the store: Six spoons of fresh snow peas, five thick slabs of blue cheese, and maybe a snack for her brother Bob. We also need a small plastic snake and a big toy frog for the kids. She can scoop these things into three red bags, and we will go meet her Wednesday at the train
13、 station.”In 1999, Professor Weinberger put the recordings online. The Speech Accent Archive is for anyone who wants to compare and analyze the accents of different English speakers.Some people think the archive would be better if it included natural speech-people talking freely, not just reading th
14、e same words. Professor Weinberger recognizes the strengths and weaknesses of his site.Professor Weinberger says the site gets a million visits a month and would like more people to send in theirown samples of the sixty-nine-word paragraph.Steven Weinberger said, Right now we only have samples from
15、about 350 languages, including English. You know, there are 6, 000 languages in the world today, so we need lots more. Thats why the archive work will never be finished.1.Why did Professor Weinberger let his students record non-native speakers?A.Most of his students are interested in phonetics.B.The
16、 pronunciation from non-native speakers sounds strange.C.They were gathering materials for the Speech Accent Archive.D.They wanted to know how non-native speakers pronounce different sounds.2.The Speech Accent Archive is intended for _.A.all the students in Weinbergers beginning phonetics classB.who
17、ever wants to study the accents of different English speakersC.the teachers of linguistics in the English Department at George Mason UniversityD.raising money by the rate of clicking the website3.The reason why Professor Weinberger chose the words in Para.4 for all of the speakers to read is that _.
18、A.the words in this paragraph are very easy to readB.people are familiar with the activities included in this paragraphC.most of the speakers are interested in the information shown in this paragraphD.the words are common and almost all of the sounds used in English are contained4.In which part of a
19、 website may the passage appear?A.Entertainment.B.Advertisement.C.Life.D.Education.3、Grandparents Answer a CallAs a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she polite
20、ly refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza
21、 who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com.
22、 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family. “in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we could d
23、o it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate magazine for grandparents .“We now realize how important family is and how important to be near them, especially when youre raining children.” Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren an
24、d is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.1.Why was Garzas move a success?A.It strengthened her family
25、 ties.B.It improved her living conditions.C.It enabled her make more friends.D.It helped her know more new places.2.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decision?A.17% expressed their support for it.B.Few people responded sympathetically.C.83% believed it had a bad influence.D.The m
26、ajority thought it was a trend.3.What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A.They were unsure of raise more children.B.They were eager to raise more children.C.They wanted to live away from their parents.D.They bad little respect for their grandparent.4.What does the author suggest the grandpare
27、nts do in the last paragraph?A.Make decisions in the best interests of their ownB.Ask their children to pay more visits to themC.Sacrifice for their struggling childrenD.Get to know themselves better4、 Spending money on time-saving services reduces stress and boosts (增进) happiness, according to a ne
28、w research, but shockingly, few of us do it.Whillans, a professor at HBS said, “Buying time helps to protect us from the stress in our lives caused by time pressure, and the feeling that we don t have enough minutes in the day to complete our tasks.The effect was clearest in the Canadian experiment,
29、 in which 60 working adults were given $40 to spend in two different ways. One weekend, they were told to spend the money on a material purchasea gift for themselves. The next weekend, they were instructed to spend the $40 on anything that saved them time, from paying the neighbors kid to run errand
30、s (跑腿) to taking a Uber instead of a bus.“On the day they made the time-saving purchase, they felt happier, in a better mood, and lower feelings of time stress than on the day they bought a material purchase” said Whillans.The biggest surprise to the researchers was how few people would spend money
31、on time-saving services. When they asked 98 working adults how they would spend a “windfall” of $40, only two percent named a purchase that would save them time.“One reason, said Whillans, “is that were very bad at remembering how much we hate doing certain tasks once the suffering has passed. That
32、makes us less likely to take active steps to avoid that over burdened feeling in the future.” But another possible cause is good old-fashioned guilt. “If you feel guilty about getting someone to clean your house for you, then you might get less happiness from outsourcing that task,” said Whillans, o
33、r you might just be less likely to spend your money in that way. 1.In the Canadian experiment, the participants_.A.were divided into two groupsB.were given $ 40 every two weeksC.were asked to give money to a neighbors kidD.were asked to spend the money in different ways2.According to the author, wha
34、t can make people less time-stressed?A.Paying much for a concert ticket.B.Taking a regular bus to get to work.C.Employing someone to clean the garden.D.Buying themselves an expensive present.3.When it comes to spending money on buying time”, _.A.no people would like to do itB.a small percentage of p
35、eople choose to do itC.more people will do it if extra money is givenD.most people like the idea but dont practice it in life4.What do the underlined words “that overburdened feeling” in Paragraph 6 refer to?A.The good old-fashioned guilt.B.The feeling of spending money on goods.C.The stress of havi
36、ng someone clean your house.D.The discomfort when completing tasks we hate doing.5、 Nowadays,parents worry a lot because their children spend hours and hours in front of the TV screen.Because this doesnt happen to only one specific family,many experts warn us that there can be some serious effects o
37、f children watching violence (暴力)on television.Children who become addicted(上瘾的) to TV sit down and turn on the TV as soon as they get home.Although they have lots of homework,they become absorbed in TV programs.Since they spend tons of time watching TV,they have less time to enjoy real life activit
38、ies such as playing with friends,playing outdoor sports,or enjoying other kinds of entertainment.There are too many violent scenes on TV.Some experts say there are 25 acts of violence per hour on TV.In addition,there are many experiments by psychologists which show how TV violence influences childre
39、n.Finally,people worry that children tend to imitate what they watch on TV and may start to behave more violently.What should be done? First of all,the government should regulate TV violence.It should also encourage people to invent and develop new technology which can block violent scenes from the
40、programs children watch.For example,with a rating system(分级制度) and the V-chip,unfit scenes of violence and sex can be blocked out.Second,parents should monitor what their children watch.At the same time,they should make their children interested in real life activities.Then when the children start t
41、o spend more time playing with friends or reading books,parents can stop their monitoring.It is a fact that there is more violence on TV today than there was ten years ago.Moreover,violent incidents occur more frequently in real life.Its time to realize how harmful watching TV violence is,and its ti
42、me to keep our children from watching violence.1.What experts really worry is that _.A.children spend too much time watching TVB.TV violence has a bad influence on childrenC.children become addicted to TV programsD.children have less time to do their homework2.The author explain how the government s
43、hould control TV violence by _.A.giving an exampleB.giving a definitionC.making a comparisonD.presenting research findings3.What does the underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A.Explain.B.Copy.C.Ignore.D.Avoid.4.What is the authors purpose for writing this text?A.To express his
44、 own worries about TV violence.B.To ask parents to take good care of their children.C.To inform readers of the latest situation about TV violence.D.To call on the whole society to save children from violence.6、 How much weight a baby gains during its first month could determine its IQ, as a new rese
45、arch suggests. The study found that children who gain more weight, and whose heads grow quickly during the first month of life, tend to have a higher IQ when they start school.Researchers at the University of Adelaide, in Australia studied 13,800 children who were born at full-term. They found that
46、those who put on 40% of their birth weight in the first four weeks had an IQ 1.5 points higher than those who only put on 15% of their birth weight. Those who experienced the biggest growth in head circumference (头围) also had the highest IQs by the age of six.“Head circumference is an indicator of b
47、rain volume, so a greater increase in head circumference in a newly-born baby suggests more rapid brain growth,” says the led author of the study, Dr. Lisa Smithers.She added, “Overall, newly-born children who grew faster in the first four weeks had higher IQ scores later in life. Those children who
48、 gained the most weight scored especially high on verbal (言语) IQ at age 6. This may be because the neural (神经的) structures for verbal IQ develop earlier in life, which means the rapid weight gain during the first month could be having a direct cognitive benefit for the children.”Previous studies hav
49、e shown the association between early postnatal (产后的) diet and IQ, but this is the first study of its kind to focus on the IQ benefits of rapid weight gain in the first month of life. Dr. Smithers says the study further highlights the need for successful feeding of newly-born babies. “We know that many mothers have difficulty establishing breastfeeding in the first week of their babies life,” Dr. Smithers said.“The findings of our study suggest that if babies are having feeding problems, there needs to be early
