1、鼓励大胆质疑，培养学生的求知欲望和探索精神Encourage boldly questioned, cultivate students desire for knowledge and the spirit of exploration“小疑则小进，大疑则大进”（朱熹语）。积极思考，大胆质疑是创新品质的重要方面。通过鼓励质疑，可以培养学生的求知欲望和探索精神。“ Little doubt it into the small, big big into doubt “ ( Zhu Xi language). Positive thinking, bold challenge is the im
2、portant aspects of innovation quality. By encouraging questioning, can cultivate students desire for knowledge and the spirit of exploration.在学习线形动物门之后，史培培同学提出问题：“老师，蛔虫不会被人体的消化液浸蚀，是因为体表有角质层。猪肉绦虫也生活在人的小肠内，它为什么没有被人消化？也有角质层吗？”我说：“猪肉绦虫的体表是表皮层。”“表皮层就是角质层吗？”我说：“ 表皮层不是角质层。”“ 那猪肉绦虫为什么没有被人的消化液浸蚀？”我被“ 将军”了，于是
3、我们一起查阅资料。我们查到“猪肉绦虫的表皮层具有较强的抵抗宿主消化酶的作用，这可能是由于皮层细胞的分泌物能促使宿主消化道内增加淀粉酶的活性，抑制蛋白酶和脂肪酶的作用。这样虫体虽然浸没在宿主消化道的食糜中，仍然保持完整的体表，不致被宿主消化酶消化掉，并藉体表的渗透作用来吸收宿主小肠内已消化的营养物质。”她非常高兴。后来我在班上表扬了史培培同学的这种探索精神。全班同学倍受鼓舞，求知的气氛更浓了。In the study “ linear animal door “ later, Shi Peipei students to ask questions: “ teacher, Ascaris lum
4、bricoides is not the human digestive fluid erosion, is because the surface of the stratum corneum. Pork tapeworm also live in the human small intestine, why is it not being digested? Also has a horny layer? “ I said: “ the pork tapeworm surface consists of epidermis. “ “ The epidermis is horny layer
5、? “ I said: “ the epidermal layer not horny layer. “ “ The pork tapeworm why not be digestive fluid erosion? “ I was “ general“, so we went together to access information. We find the “ pork tapeworm epidermal layer has strong resistance to the host digestive enzymes, which may be due to cortical ce
6、ll secretions can induce the host digestive tract increased amylase activity, inhibition of the protease and lipase action. Such parasites while immersed in the host digestive chyme, still maintain the integrity of the body, not be the host digestive enzymes to digest, and by means of surface infilt
7、ration to absorb the host intestine has been digested nutrients. “ She was very happy. Later in the class I praised Shi Peipei students the spirit of exploration. The class was encouraged, knowledge of the atmosphere.五、强化实验观察，培养学生的创新技能http:/ http:/ http:/ strengthening the experimental observation,
8、the cultivation of students innovative ability生物学是一门实验科学，观察实验是研究生物学的最基本的方法，是培养学生创新能力的最好机会。Biology is an experimental science, were observed in the experiment is to study the biology of most basic methods, is raises the student innovative ability the best opportunity.教学过程中要让学生多观察、多参与、多动手，在认识的基础上探索规律，
9、理论联系实际才能使学生迸发出创造的火花。In the process of teaching to make the students to observe, to participate in, more hands-on, based on knowledge and explore the law, linking theory with practice so that students can spark creativity.如在学习环节动物门时，课本上“区别蚯蚓的前端和后端主要靠环带。”学生在挖掘蚯蚓时发现有的蚯蚓没有环带，我告诉他们只有性成熟的蚯蚓才有环带。同学就问该如何区别蚯
10、蚓的前端和后端呢？我说自己观察之后再说。学生很快找到了答案：“前端较活跃，后端较被动，前端的前叶颜色较浅，和后端的肛门有明显的不同。”As in the learning process of animal phyla, textbook “ difference between earthworm front-end and back-end depends mainly on the band. “ Students in the mining of earthworm found some earthworms have no bands, I tell them only sexual
11、ly mature earthworm is zoned. The students asked how to distinguish the earthworms front and back? I said I was observed. Student answer very quickly: “ front is active, is more passive, the front end of the anterior lobe of a lighter color, and the back end of the anus is different. “听蚯蚓在白纸上运动刚毛磨擦白
12、纸的声音时，由于声音很小，再加上学生发出的声音，磨擦声同学们根本听不到。我说“看谁能想出听到声音的办法？”最后有的同学把耳朵贴在桌面上，利用固体传递声音的特点，听到了“沙沙”声Listen to the earthworm in the white movement bristle friction white sound, the sound is very small, plus the student voice, grind the students could not hear a word. I say “ see who can come up with a sound appr
13、oach? “ Finally, some students put his ear to the desktop, using solid transfer characteristic sound, hear the sound of “ rustle“ . .很多资料上写到“蚯蚓在玻璃板上根本不能运动，因为刚毛不能插入玻璃中而失去辅助作用。”但在实验中同学们发现蚯蚓在玻璃板上能运动，只是速度慢了许多。我就说：“要相信我们自己的观察，而不要光去相信资料。这说明蚯蚓身体和玻璃板之间存在一定的磨擦力，我们跑步时不穿跑鞋不是也能跑吗？”Lots of information on wrote “
14、 earthworm on the glass plate cannot exercise, because the bristles can not be inserted into the glass and lose auxiliary function. “ But in the experiment the students found the earthworms on the glass plate is capable of movement, but became much slower. I said: “ we believe that their own observa
15、tion, and dont believe information. This shows that the earthworm body and the glass plate must exist between the friction force, we while running shoes not able to run? “在实验茎的输导作用中，有的同学按照课本的要求用红墨水，有的同学没有按照课本的要求用了蓝墨水。我在总结时专门让这位同学把实验效果展示给学生，并表扬了他的创新精神。http:/ the experimental stem carrying function, s
16、ome students according to requirements with the red ink, some students have no according to requirements with blue ink. I let the students specialized in summary the experimental results to demonstrate to students, and praised his innovation spirit. http:/ contact real life, cultivating students cre
17、ative problem solving skills创新不是凭空臆造，只有能用自己的知识来解决实际问题的时候，才能称得上能力。Innovation is not baseless creations, only can use their knowledge to solve practical problems, can be called ability. http:/ 在去年入冬后，其他的树木都落光了叶子，而我校的厕所旁有几棵青杨还郁郁葱葱，充满了生机和活力。同学们非常奇怪，这是怎么回事？我就引导学生观察，接着同学们就讨论开了，后来得出结论：一、靠近厕所的墙根避风，温度高，所以落叶晚
18、；二、青杨落叶晚。“这种结论对不对呢？”我又引导学生观察其他墙根的树包括青杨都早已落了叶。“到底是什么原因呢？”学生又讨论起来，最后发现这几棵青杨最大的不同是附近有一盏长明灯。“因为光照时间长!” 学生终于找出了答案。我补充说：“光照不仅影响植物落叶，还影响植物的开化和结果呢。”In the last year after the winter, the other trees lost their leaves, and the toilet have a few of Cathay poplar is a wild profusion of vegetation, full of vigo
19、r and vitality. The students are very strange, how is this going? I will lead the students to observe, and then students will discuss open, then draws the conclusion: one, near the toilet wall safe, high temperature, so late leaves; two, late leaves of populus. “ This conclusion is right? “ I guide
20、the students to observe the other wall trees include Cathay poplar had fallen leaves. “ What is the reason? “ Student discussion, finally found the tree of Populus cathayana http:/ http:/ http:/ difference is near a lamps. “ Because the light a long time! “ the student had finally found out the answ
21、er. I added: “ light not only affect the plant leaves, also affect plant Kaihua and results. “教学有法，但无定法。发挥生物学科优势，进行创新教育，其方法多种多样。教师要根据实际情况，在教学实践中大胆探索。选准切入点，走自己的路，才能把素质教育落到实处。Teaching method, but is not fixed. Play advantage of biological disciplines, education innovation, the diverse methods. The teacher according to the actual situation, bold exploration in teaching practice. Choose the starting point, to go its own way, to implement quality education.
