1、 中考书面表达1书面表达书面表达的形式多种多样，但主要可分为三类：应用文，看图作文和提示作文。应用文包括英文通知，启事，便条，日记，书信，贺卡和 E-mail 等形式。看图作文可以是一幅图，也可以是多幅图；可以是填词，写句子，也可以是根据提示词写短文。提示作文经常是给出英文或汉语提示，提示可以是文字，也可以使图表。应用文，要求能够掌握常见种类的写作技巧；看图作文，要能够根据图画和词语提示，明确考查意图，弄清图画内容，把握情节线索，完整表达意思；提示作文，要能够根据提示写出意思连贯，符合逻辑的短文。要掌握记叙文，说明文和夹叙夹议文的写作方法及技巧。能够运用常用词汇，基本句式和语法知识，按要求写出
2、规范的句子，表达自己的思想。常 考 点 清 单一应用文应用文包括启事，通知，书信，日记，E-mail 等形式。下面举例说明其写作思路和方法。例一假设你在一家报社工作，你的名字叫 David，请你写 60-80 个单词来帮助这位苦恼的爸爸。下面是这位苦恼爸爸给你的一封信。Dear David，My son is a middle school student. He gets home at about six oclock and starts talking to his friend on the phone. If I dont stop him, he will talk for th
3、ree or four hours. His mum and I cant use the phone. If I dont let him do that, he will be angry. Were angry. Everyone is unhappy. What can we do with him?Mad Dad解析：1审题：本题要求写一封回信2定格式：No.2 Middle SchoolBeijing, chinaMarch 8 2009Dear *,（称呼）Thank you for your letter. （正文）*Best wishes! （结束语）Yours sincer
4、ely， （谦称）*(写信人姓名)3定要点：复信所提出的建议要针对来信中的问题，这样才能行之有效。1）同儿子交谈，讲明道理；2）同儿子朋友的父母讨论此事;3)如有必要，为儿子单装一部电话，由他本人付费。4定人称：第一人称5定时态：一般现在时，一般讲来时参考范文Dear Mad Dad,I think you need to talk with your son about his place in the family. You can male rules for him. If your son agrees, hell probably follow them. He may know
5、its very important to save time. Because hes a student, study 中考书面表达2must come first.You may discuss with his friends parents.I also think you can get your son his own telephone and make him pay for it himself. Wishing you good luck!Yours trulyDavid二看图作文写好看图作文的关键是正确审图。首先要看懂图画本身所表示的具体内容，包括人物，时间，地点，事件
6、，过程变化和结果，审图要仔细。对图画中出现的每一个细节包括每一个数字，符号，字母等都不要轻易放过，因为里面可能有重要信息；其次，要认真揣摩命题人的意图及思想倾向，即命题人想通过这些图画说明什么道理，表明什么态度，要达到什么目的，换句话说，既要通过图画提供的综合信息挖掘其主题。读懂图画的关键是读出主题。例 2根据下面图画，请用英语写一篇短文（6-9 个句子） 。短文要求达意，连贯，句子正确。短文开头已给出，请你接着写。提示词：monk 和尚 temple 寺庙Years ago, there was only one monk in the temple. Every day, he carri
7、ed water himself. 解析1审题：看懂图画的基本含义：这是“三个和尚没水喝”的新编，是一篇记叙文；确定时间，地点，人物，事件，经过和结果。2确定要点：1）一个和尚挑水喝；2）两个和尚抬水喝；3）三个和尚没水喝，但其中一个和尚有一个好主意；4）网上订水；5）有人送来了水，三个和尚都很高兴。3确认框架：第三人称，时间先后顺序，一般过去时。参考例文Years ago, there was only one monk in the temple. Every day, he carried water himself. Later, another monk 中考书面表达3came. T
8、hey carried water together. Before long a third monk arrived. Now one of them carried water. They all sat on the ground and felt very thirsty. Suddenly, one of them came up with a good idea. He searched the internet and ordered some water. Soon a worker sent water to the temple. All of the monks wer
9、e very happy. 例 3假设今天是 9 月 1 日，是新学期第一天，也是小明第一天上学。学校有很多小朋友，小朋好开心。但他不知道，今天还要做作业。看图，并以 school begins 为题，以第三人称写一篇短文。短文约为 50-60 个单词。解析1）这篇短文的内容重点如下：A9 月 1 日，新学期开始的第一天； B小明第一天上学；C小明和父母亲一起到学校；D小明不知道要做很多作业。2）写这篇短文的常用句型和结构：A第一，二句可并成一句： The new term begins on September 1st. 或 September 1st is the first day of
10、 the new term.B. And it is the first day for Xiaoming to go to school. / Xiaoming goes to school for the first time. C. He goes to school with his parents. / His parents take him to school. D. He doesnt know that there will be a lot of homework for him / he will have to do a lot of homework. 参考范文Sch
11、ool BeginsToday is September 1st. it is the first day of the new term. And it is the first day for Xiaoming to go to school. He goes to school with his parents. He is very happy. He doesnt know there will be a lot of homework for him to do at school. 三提示作文例 4A 根据表格内的信息，在短文每一空格内填写一个适当的词，使其内容完整正确。The
12、total(总数)of the students in Class 1 is 50.Ways of going to schoolOn foot By bike By bus By car中考书面表达4Percent of total 30% 40% 20% 10%We did a survey of ways of going to school about Class1, Grade 9. Here are the results. There are 50 students in the class. There are 4 ways of going to school. 15 stu
13、dents _ _ to school. 20 students go to school by _. _ _ students go to school by bus. 5 students are _ to school by car.B. 以“my best way of going to school”为题写一篇英语短文。要求：词数不少于 60 个，标点符号不占格，不允许出现本人和有关人员的真实姓名以及家庭和学校的真实地址。提示要求：以上四种方式哪一种最适合你？为什么？充分说明理由（至少三条） 。My best way of going to school_A. walk, bike,
14、 10, driven(taken)B. 解析：认真审题，首先要点明上学的最好方式是什么，其次说明它是最好的方式的三个理由。参考范文 1：My best way of going to schoolI like to go to school on foot best.First, my home is not far away from my school. Second, on my way to school, the traffic is heavy. The street is full of bikes, motorbikes, buses and cars. I think it
15、s safe to go to school on foot. Third, I also think walking is a kind of sport. I can take exercise by walking. Its good for my healthy. So its the best way for me to go to school. 参考范文 2:My best way of going to schoolI like to go to school by bus best.First, my home is far from my school. Second, i
16、ts safe and cheap to go to school by bus. Third, I can see the beautiful scenery through the window on my way to school. Fourth, I can get to school on time. These are the reasons why I like to go to school by bus best. 例 5根据英文提示，以“I like the internet”为题，写一篇 100 词左右的短文，短文开头已给出，所给英文提示词语也必须全部用上。1） an
17、important part, I our daily life, useful2） search, download(下载)information3） read English weekly, with-help, practice4） send E-mail, make telephone calls5） buy, online, interesting, colorfulI like the internet. _解析：本文题目为“I like the internet”, 所给提示词实际上是喜欢因特网的 5 个理由。用第一人称，一般现在时，中考书面表达5再加上一些词把它们串成正确的句子
18、，然后再加以扩展，就不能完成。参考范文：I like the internetI like the internet. It is an important part in our daily life. It is useful t our work and studies. O often search for and download some important information through it. I also read English weekly on it. With the help of it, I often practice listening. Usuall
19、y I send E-mails and make telephone calls with it. Buying online is convenient and easy. It makes my life interesting and colorful. Internet is my favorite. 写提示作文要注意两个方面：一是内容，二是表达。对内容的要求是包含所有要点，如果要点遗漏，就会失分。为防止遗漏要点，下笔前可在题上标出 1，2，3。最难得是表达。一般要求是用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯，句型短语使用正确，不出现语言错误，较高的要求是能写出结构复杂的句子，熟练运用较好的短语
20、和句型，并做出适当发挥。书面表达的解题思路与步骤1 细心审题 细读每一项提示或观察所给的每一幅图，明确中心思想，弄清题意，确定体裁，明确要求写什么。2 理顺要点 在所给提示或图上标出要点，然后按事件的先后顺序或各要点之间的内在联系排序，分出层次。如果是看图作文，则要看图构思。3 构成框架 在理顺要点的基础上，定人称，定时态，定顺序，定段落，定开头结尾，形成框架。4 组织句子，连句成篇多用熟悉的短语，句型来表达，偶有表达障碍，可换一种说法，注意句子间的逻辑关系，适当采用递进，让步，转折，因果等关联词语，使短文层次分明，过度自然。5 检查修改成文后，读一两遍，检查人称，拼写，短语有无错误，要点有无
21、遗漏，有无语法错误。 中考书面表达6历 年 真 题（2010 北京）（09 年北京）书面表达 （15 分）根据中文大意和英文提示词语，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于 60 词的短文。 所给英文提示词语供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。某英文报纸就家务劳动（housework）话题征文，请你投稿。每个家庭都有许多家务，人人都应该学做一些。谈谈你经常帮父母做那些家务，有什么体会，并打算在暑假为家里做什么。提示词语：every family, lots of housework, learn to do, help, parents, be / feel proud of_中考书面表达7_（08 年
22、北京）书面表达（15 分）根据中文大意和英文提示词语，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于 60 词的短文。所给英文提示词语供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。汶川地震 (Wenchuan Earthquake) 发生后，9 岁学生林浩 (Lin Hao) 救了两名同学，然后步行 7 个小时到达安全地点。请你就林浩同学的事迹，以 “Learn from the Hero” 为题，给你校英语专刊投稿。内容包括林浩同学的事迹简介，你对这件事的感受，以及你要向他学习什么。提示词语：a student, nine years old, happen, save, walk, to safety, be dee
23、ply moved, brave, give upLearn from the Hero_ _ _（07 年北京)（一）单句表达（共 4 分，每小题 1 分）根据中文意思和英文提示词语，写出四句语法正确、意思连贯的话。彼得是一个美国男孩，他喜欢旅游。他经常做些什么？2008 年他将要做什么？16. Peter, be, an American boy_17. he, like, travelling_18. he, often, go to different countries_19. he, will come to Beijing, to watch, the Olympic Games
24、, 2008_（二）文段表达（8 分）根据中文提示和英文书信内容，写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于 50 词的回信。 （信的开头和结尾已给出，其字数不计入所完成的回信内）20. 假如你叫李玲，是英国中学生露茜的笔友，你收到了她的电子邮件。请根据她来信的内容写一封回信。针对她的困惑，谈谈你的看法，同时提出一些建议，告诉她应该做什么，不应该做什么。Dear Li Ling,These days Tom Cruise, the film star, always comes into my mind. I think of him night and day. I just sit in my ro
25、om and watch videos of his films again and again. Ive written hundreds of letters to him and sent e-mails to his fan club, but all I get back are only photos 中考书面表达8with his names on them. I dream that some day Ill meet him and that hell feel the same way about me. I dont want to learn my lessons an
26、y more, and Ill have final exams next month.Im thinking of running away to Hollywood（好莱坞）to meet him. Can you help me with the problem?Yours,LucyHi Lucy,Nice to hear from you. _ _Yours,Li Ling中考书面表达9（06 年北京）写作中考书面表达10（05 年北京海淀区）（A）Peter 的业余生活很丰富。请根据下面表格中的内容描述他上周的活动。 （共 4 分，每空 1 分）Last week Peter was
27、 very happy. On Sunday, he visited his grandparents. On Monday, he 1. _ at home. It was really relaxing. And on Tuesday, he took a math lesson. On Wednesday, he 2. _ with friends. After that he bought several magazines on Thursday. Next, 3. _ he climbed the mountains. On Saturday, he 4. _. What a co
28、lorful life Peter had!中考书面表达11（B）那么 Dave 的业余时间是如何度过的呢？请根据下面的图片叙述他上周参加过的活动。开头已给出。（字数 5070） （共 6 分）Dave also had a wonderful week. Last Sunday he played the guitar. _书面表达（共 15 分）学校的“English Center”是同学们练习英语的场所。这里的 “Teenager Hotline”每天都能收到不少同学的咨询电话。作为热线的一名志愿者，请你根据当时的记录，首先描述其中两位同学遇到的问题，然后给一位同学提出具体建议并说明原因
29、。 （字数 100 左右）中考书面表达12Student: Mary Problem: There are so many rules in my family.For example, I have to do chores after school.Student: Lucy Problem: Pet dogs in my neighborhood make the ground dirty.Student: Tom Problem: My parents want me to be a lawyer. But I want to be a pop singer.Student: Mike
30、, the captain of the school soccer team in Junior 3 Problem: I cant decide to play or not to play on the team.Weve got many calls from teenagers. They have met different problems. _(2004 年北京)书面表达(共 1 2 分)根据中文大意，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于 5 O 词的短文。所给英文提示词语供选用。 作为一名中学生，你学习的课程一定很多，但同时学校里又有丰富多彩的课外活动，例如：有的同学参加英语角的活
31、动；有的同学喜欢球类、跑步等体育活动；有的同学喜欢音乐、舞蹈、美术；还有的同学参加电脑小组、摄影小组、集邮小组等。你最喜欢哪一项课外活动?活动中你都做些什么?说说你的想法和理由。提示词语： I, a middle school student, learn, many subjects, after class, take part in, activity, be interested in, grow up, important, be sure_中考书面表达13易 混 点 清 单1不一致所谓“不一致”不仅指主谓不一致，它还包括数的不一致，时态不一致以及代词不一致等。例 1：Once Ma
32、ry have money, she can do what she want to do.解析：Mary 是三人称单数，因而本句的 have 应改为 has；同理，want 应改为 wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。例 2：Water will boil at 100c.解析：表示客观真理的句子，谓语动词应用一般现在时。改为：Water boils at 100c.2. 修饰语错位英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，句子的含义可能发生变化。例 3 She can play basketball. She too can play football.解析：too 一般位于句尾，不
33、能用于句首。3句子不完整在口语中，交际双方可借助手势，语气，上下文等理解不完整的句子。可是书面语就不同了，句子的结构不完整会令意思表达不清。这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，作者又想加些内容进行补充说明的时候。例 4：There are many ways to know the information. For example, by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.解析：本句后半句部分 for example, by TV, radio, newspaper and so on 不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句。改为：There are m
34、any ways to know the information，for example, by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.4垂悬修饰语所谓“垂悬修饰语”是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。例 5：At the age of ten, his grandma died.解析：句中 at the age of ten 只指 10 岁时祖母去世了，但没有说明是在“谁”10 岁时祖母去世的。如果我们把这个垂悬修饰语改明确一点，全句就不那么费解了。改为：When he was at the age of ten, his grandma died.例 6:
35、To do well in school, good grades are essential.解析：句中不定式短语 to do well in school 的逻辑主语不清楚。改为：To do well in school, a student needs good grades.5. 词性误用词性误用常表现为：介词当动词用，形容词当副词用，名词当动词用等。例 7：She went to asleep after she finished her homework.解析：asleep 是形容词，这里误用动词用。改为：She went to sleep after she finished h
36、er homework.例 8：That place is danger.中考书面表达14解析：danger 是名词，这里误作形容用。改为：That place is in danger. 或 That place is dangerous.6.指代不清指代不清主要代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面的这一句：Mary is friendly to lily because she wants her to help her.读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断出谁需要谁帮忙，如果我们把易于误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了.这个句子可改为：Mary is friendly to lily because she wants lily to help her. 例 9：We can also know the society by serving it yourself.解析：句中人称代词 we 和反身代词 yourself 指代不一致。改为：We can also know the society by serving it ourselve
