1、 中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家毅帆教育个性化学习中心教务管理部 1一：单元基础知识随堂测（名词变复数）parent_; cousin _; this_; dictionary_; he_;watch_; photo_; family_; she_; that_; it_;二:词汇解析1）friend n.友人，朋友如：We are good friends.我们是好朋友。make friends with 与交朋友【考例】I dont want to make friends _him.A of B with C for 2) 人称代词英语中有一类代替具体人名的词叫人称代词。它有一、二、三
2、人称与单数、复数及性别之分。 人称代词列表如下：人称代词I we you he she it they 作主的主格 我 我们 你、你们他 她 它 他们 语(1）Whos Kate? 凯特是谁？Shes my friend. 她是我的朋友。(2）Li Lei is a boy. Hes twelve. 李雷是个男孩，他十二岁。（3）Look at that bird. It is Polly.看那只鸟，它是波利。（4）Whos it?（门外有敲门声）谁呀？Its me. 是我。人称代词与 be 动词的搭配人称完全形式 缩写形式汉语意思I（单） I am = Im 我是第一人称we（复） we a
3、re = were 我们是第二人称 you you are = youre你（你们）是he he is = hes 他是第三 she she is = shes 她是人称 it it is= its 它是they they are = theyre他们是he 所有格 his ；宾格 him ；复数 they； she 所有格 her ；宾格 her；复数 they it 所有格 its ；宾格 it ；复数 they；都属第三人称单数形式的人称代词。在实际应用中，he，she，it 及 they 常用来代替前面所提到的名词。在句子中作主语。he 用来代替单数男性，如：a boy，Mr. Wan
4、g，Jim 等。she 用来代替单数女性，如：a girl，Mrs. Wang，Miss Gao，Kate 等。it 用来代替动物或无生命的事物，如：a cat(猫)，a bird(鸟)，a bike，an orange 等。 Jim is a boy. He is English. 吉姆是个男孩。他是英国人。 Who is that girl? She is Kate. 那个女孩是谁？她是凯特。 Look! Thats a car. Its an English car. 瞧!那是辆汽车。是一辆英国汽车。【考例】_is my sister. A He B She C It_is a whit
5、e cat. A He B She C It中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家毅帆教育个性化学习中心教务管理部 5_is his brother. A He B She C It_are her family. A He B She C They3)these, those 和 they 的用法:this, that, these 和 those 是指示代词,these 这些，是this 的复数，是指时间和空间离说话人较近的人或物；those（那些）是 that 的复数,指时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物，如：These / Those are my / his / her bags. 这些/那
6、些是我的/他的/她的书包。What are these / those? They are books（Theyre books）. 是书。Are these / those maps? Yes, they are. No, they arent. 不是的。these_对应 those【考例】根据句意选择最佳的单词。_is my bed. 这是我的床。 A This B That C It_is Lilys bed.那是莉莉的床。 A This B That C It_pictures are good.这些画很好。 A This B Those C ThoseAre _apple trees
7、? 那些是苹果树吗？ A This B Those C Those 注意：在回答主语是 these 或 those 的疑问句时，通常用 they 来代替 these 或those，以避免重复。如：Are these/those your apples? Yes, they are. No, they are not.【考例】Are these his maps? ( ) A Yes, these are. B Yes, they are. C Yes, those are.Are those her pens? ( ) A Yes, these are. B Yes, they are. C
8、Yes, those are.4)family tree 家谱 family 为名词家或家庭。若指家庭整体，是单数名词，be 动词用单数形式 is.若指一个家庭里的全体成员，则是复数名词，be 动词用复数形式 are。如： My family is small.Her family are very friendly.【考例】This _my family. A is B are C amThese _my family. A is B are C am5)Thanks for=thank you for 表示因而感谢,for 是介词,后接名词或动词-ing 的形式.如 :Thanks for
9、 your help. Thank you for helping me. 6)the photo of your family 中的 of 表示 的,它常用来表示无生命类名词的所有关系.如: a map of China 中国地图。 the color of my hat.我帽子的颜色。【考例】翻译以下词组:the photo of your familythe color of his cup.三：语法精讲：中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家毅帆教育个性化学习中心教务管理部 6一）介绍人和询问人（1）自我介绍，在介绍前可用适当的打招呼用语或问候语。如 Hello /Hi ! My name
10、is Im 当向别人介绍某人时，常用句型。（1）This is That is 用于介绍单个的人。（2）These are Those are 用于介绍两个或两个以上的人。如：These are my grandparents.this 与 that 还可以用于打电话，。询问人时除了用指示代词 this，that，these，those 外，还可以用人称代词，如 she, he, 但要注意答语。Is this / that .？的回答用 it 替代 this 和 that。如 Is this your sister? Yes, it is.当用人称代词询问人时，回答仍应用人称代词。如：Is h
11、e your brother? Yes, he is.询问人物时还可用 Whos this / that? 句型。回答时主语用 it，也可仍用 this 或 that.注意：This is 没有缩写形式，但是 that is 可缩写成 thats.二）名词的数名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词又分为单数和复数。表示一个人或事物的名词用单数；表示两个以上人或事物的名词用复数。单数变复数的变化规则：一般名词后面加-s 如：pencilpencils eggeggs以-s, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词后面加es 如：boxboxes classclasses以辅音字母y 结尾的名词，
12、把 y 变成 i，再加es 如：storystories citycities以元音字母y 结尾的名词，后面直接加s 如：daydays boyboys在单数名词后面加-s 或-es 时，注意发音。发音规则表如下：情况 读法 例词在p t k f等轻辅音后面s maps，cats，desks以-s，-sh，-s，-ch 等结尾 iz buses，boxes，classes在l n g等和元音音素后面z beds，girls，trees，days名词的复数还有一些不规则的变化，如：ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese三）be 动词的几种形式1肯定式与否定式陈述形式 人称
13、 肯定式 否定式中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家毅帆教育个性化学习中心教务管理部 4第一人称单数 I am. I am not.第二人称单数 You are. You are not.第三人称单数 He/She/It is. He/She/It is.各种人称复数 We/You/ They are. We/You/They are not例如：I am a girl. I am not a boy. She is a teacher. She is not a student. You are at school. You are not at school.2疑问式与简略答语第一人称 第二人
14、称 第三人称单 疑问式 Am I . Are you Is he/she/it数 简略答语 Yes, you are.No, you are not.Yes, I am.No, I am not.Yes, he/she/it is.No, he/she/it is not.复 疑问式 Are we.? Are you.? Are they.?数 简略答语 Yes, you are. No, you are not.Yes, we are.No, we are not.Yes, they are.No, they are not.例如：Am I right? Yes ,you are. Are
15、you students? No,we are not.Is she Lily? Yes, she is.3缩略形式肯定式 否定式 其他Im =I am Im not thats =that isYoure =you are You arent/youre not Whats =what is hes =he is shes =she is its =it ishe/she/it isnt =he/she/its notwhos =who iswheres =where iswherere =where arewere =we are theyre =they arewe/they arent
16、 =we/theyre notmy names =my name is四：随堂练习。一）选择填空 1. My_is a teacher. A. parents B. grandparents C. parent D. fathers2. This is my good _.A. friends B. friend C. sisters D. brothers3. My _ are all teachers.A. friend B. sister C. grandparents D. mother4. Thanks _your family photos, they are very nice.
17、A. to B. in C. for D. at5._these her hats? No, they _. A. Is, isnt B. Am, are C.Are, isnt D. Are, arent6. Is this _ car ? Yes, Its_ car.A.your, you B.your, my C.his, he D.her,she中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家毅帆教育个性化学习中心教务管理部 47. She is a student and _ name is Kate. A.she B.her C.hers D.his 8.Your mothers brother
18、is your _.A.father B.grandfather C.cousin D.uncle 9. Mum, _ my friends, Dale and Helen.A. this isB. they are C. he and she D. these are10. This _ my sister and those _ my parents.A is, are Bare, is C is, is D am, are2）按要求写出相应的词（10 分）1this（反义词）_ 2these（反义词）_ 3it（复数形式）_ 4that（复数形式）_ 5photo（复数形式）_ 6pic
19、ture（复数形式）_ 7cousin（复数形式）_ 8friend（复数形式）_ 9son（对应词）_ 10sister（对应词）_3）用 am，is，are 填空（10 分）1Excuse me! _ this your eraser? 2What _ those? _ they birds? 3This _ his ruler. Where _ my ruler? 4I _ in Class Three. _ you in Class Three，too? 5_ these her English books? 6Those _ their apples. Where _ his app
20、les? 7She _ eleven. How old _ that boy? 8He _ my friend. _ your friend a boy or a girl? 9_ those maps? No，they _ not. They _ pictures. 10These _ your bananas. Here you _.课后作业中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家毅帆教育个性化学习中心教务管理部 41）翻译下列短语1 那些男孩 2. 这些女孩 3. 家谱 4.她的堂弟 _5.你的朋友 _ 6. a photo of my family _7.your grandparents_
21、8.his parents_9.those dictionaries_ 10.my two brothers2）选择填空 1. My_is a teacher. A. parents B. grandparents C. parent D. fathers2. This is my good _.A. friends B. friend C. sisters D. brothers3. My _ are all teachers.A. friend B. sister C. grandparents D. mother4. Thanks _your family photos, they ar
22、e very nice. A. to B. in C. forD. at5._these her hats? No, they _. A. Is, isnt B. Am, are C.Are, isnt D. Are, arent6. Is this _ car ? Yes, Its_ car.A.your, you B.your, my C.his, he D.her,she7. She is a student and _ name is Kate. A.she B.her C.hers D.his 8.Your mothers brother is your _.A.father B.grandfather C.cousin D.uncle 9. Mum, _ my friends, Dale and Helen.A. this isB. they are C. he and she D. these are10. This _ my sister and those _ my parents.
