1、 “ c1 62E 72.1a 7M| 72.2 (substitution) 72.2.1M (variable subtitution) 82.2.2 7 (command substitution) 82.2.3Q| (backslash substitution) 82.2.4| | 92.3 d 93M 103.1eM 103.2 F 113.3M1 7 113.3.1set 113.3.2unset 113.3.3append incr 124Vr T 124.1 T 124.2 5) 124.3 f 135List 145.1list 7 145.2concat 7 : 145.
2、3lindex 7 145.4llength 7 155.5linsert 7 155.6lreplace 7 : 155.7lrange 7 : 155.8lappend 7 : 155.9lsearch 7 : 165.10lsort 7 : 165.11split 7 : 165.12join 7 176 e 176.1if 7 176.2 7 while afora foreach 176.2.1while 7 176.2.2for 7 186.2.3foreach 7 186.2.4break continue 7 196.2.5switch 7 196.1eval 7 196.2s
3、ource 7 197V (procedure) 207.1VlR 207.2 M M 207.3 8 VM 217.4 upvar 21831 T 228.1format 7 228.2scan 7 238.3regexp 7 238.4regsub 7 258.5string 7 258.5.1string compare ?-nocase? ?-length int? string1 string2 258.5.2string equal ?-nocase? ?-length int? string1 string2 258.5.3string first string1 string2
4、 ?startindex? 258.5.4string index string charIndex 268.5.5string last string1 string2 ?startindex? 268.5.6string length string 268.5.7string match ?-nocase? pattern string 268.5.8string range string first last 278.5.9string repeat string count 278.5.10string replace string first last ?newstring? 278
5、.5.11string tolower string ?first? ?last? 278.5.12string toupper string ?first? ?last? 278.5.13 string trim string ?chars? 278.5.14string trimleft string ?chars? 278.5.15string trimright string ?chars? 279q 289.1q 289.2q 7 289.3 q 299.4 -T “ c 309.5q T |q 3010ps 3310.1p 3310.2VTCL 3p 3410.3 P catchp
6、 3510.4 s 3511 TCL 3711.1 F 3711.2 info 7 3811.2.1M 3811.2.2V 3911.2.3 7 4011.2.4 TCL o 4111.2.5 7 HW 4111.2.6 6M 4111.2.7 7 “ 4311.2.8 unknown 7 4411.2.91F 4412 N: c 4513TCL CC+ 4713.1 31- TCLSH 4813.2 Z1- 7ZE (B) 4813.2.1I Z 7 C/C+V 4813.2.2 7 4913.2.3 7R 7VR 5013.3 Z1- 7ZE (=) 5213.3.1Tcl_Obj 521
7、3.3.2I Z 7 C/C+V 5413.3.3 7 5413.4 clientData deleteProc 5513.5C/C+ 3 TCL 58TCL 1 TCL(Tool Command Language) B d (Scripting Language)b 4 YI ? M aV e H TCLB ? + yil TCL d T+y) b %set y /n$x expr 10+100 /n$x expr 10+100 2.3 d TCL d 3$ TCL AT d TCL d d|T ) b V1i AC TCL d 7B3CZ$T db %This is a comment %
8、set a 100 # Not a comment wrong # args: should be “set varName ?newValue?“ %set b 101 ; # this is a comment 101 = $T dy C 7W TCL d 3T 7 ) V7pb7 $T d y -B 7XBs| TCL d /B 7“CbCC # 3$T db 3 M TCL M eM Fb 3.1 eM B TCLeM c s 3b 3 V i31b B “1323 7set b 4 4 3.4 source 7 source 7Bqiq = TB pb source e:/tcl&c
9、/hello.tcl i UNIXM P /7 b 4 V (procedure) TCLVl TCL ,V V AT TCL LC 7rT TCL% 7M b V H P proc 7l1-V TCLV Cf b 4.1 VlR TCLV proc 7 3 % proc add x y expr $x+$y proc 7B F1lV 3= V V W b 7 B TCLVV8b proc 3B 7 V% 7B“ % add 1 2 3 lV H F V return 7 ZR FX1b return 7 Vi TVTb % proc abs x if $x = 0 return $x ret
10、urn expr -$x VR V8K *H 7Rb 4.2 M M VlM y ?V$ i OV| H$1 “ M VlM M bTCL M M V T“ b M T V = M T5 V =bB Cv . T XV =B M V P global 7b % set a 4 4 % proc sample x global a incr a return expr $a+$x % sample 3 8 %set a 5 M aV$bV aMQ b T global a, TCLpy MM a. 4.3 8 VM TCL4 + y T n5 F VlB V proc add expr 2+3
11、Q Vl 8 V VVs 4 8 TV H4 *t * V1 P 8M b CC+ 8 f B“ 8 ? VB 8 ? 8 b proc add val1 val2 2 val3 3 expr $val1+$val2+$val3 5 add 1 / 6 add 2 20 / 25 add 4 5 6 / 15 6 TCLVl VM TVKB args, *V UV VM b H , args - Y B“) F 1V8T+ y) V M args|$ !B V FM b T FM args !B b1/ B 0 proc add val1 args set sum $val1 foreach
12、i $args incr sum $i return $sum 5 add 2 / 2 add 2 3 4 5 6 / 20 4.4 upvar 7E :upvar ?level? otherVar myVar ?otherVar myVar .? upvar 7 P VV M V M b upvar 7B otherVar Z T 3= myVar V M 3B P upvar 7 otherVar myVar ,* V M myVar MV otherVar V M b/ B 0 % proc temp arg upvar $arg b set b expr $b+2 % proc mye
13、xp var set a 4 temp a return expr $var+$a 5 % myexp 7 13 0 upvar $arg( L= V myexpM a)V tempM b bM ab upvar 7E level V U upvar 7VM M myVarMb upvar 2 other x 7 P -VM other V -V xb 8 f / level 1 -V ( temp) ( myexp)M ( myexp a) V -V M ( temp b)b T1 M V“ upvar 0 other x * 5 -V) I V -V x M otherb 5 31 T y
14、 TCL T31 A TCL4 “ def 1.2.14 string trimleft string ?chars? 8.5.13bV “PH3b 1.2.15 string trimright string ?chars? 8.5.13bV “H3b 2 q TCL4 q T 7bYVt 7 F Vq T (s B Tq )a Z Tqa_ “d = qK HW )b 2.1 q TCLq windowsV UqZEBt uYV Uq “ c H P /7 TCLK UNIX/ LC1b1 C tcl “ c/q sample.tclTCL“V U C:/tcl/sample.tclb 2
15、.2 q 7 tgrepV V TCLq I/O+ proc tgrep pattern filename set f open $filename r while gets $f line if regexp $pattern $line puts stdout $line close $f Vd UNIX grep 7 F V B T 6B q tgrep|uq Tb / V+q 7b open name ?access? open 7 accessZ Tu 7q namebR 7 (gets,close ) PqSMb T nameB3 “|”5 7$(?7 u 7qb qu 7Z T
16、C /Z T r Z Tu 7bqAXib Z Tb r+ Z Tu 7qAXib w Z Tu 7q Tqi5 b bq = 57yB bqb w+ Z Tu 7q qi5 b bq = 57y bqb a Z Tu 7qqAii_qb a+ Z Tu 7qi_qb qi7y bqb open 7RB31V Mu 7qbY 7gets,puts,closeru 7q T H V PqS Mb TCL +qS M stdin,stdout stderr sYS aS pY H F V P qS Mb gets fileId ?varName? fileIdS Mq/B b T 7 varNam
17、e i R3 qR -1 T varName Rq/BT 7TT qR b31b gets 7 readV read T read ?-nonewline? fileId iR fileIdS Mq :/3b T nonewline 715)Tb read fileId numBytes fileIdS Mq iR/B numbytes3b puts ?-nonewline? ?fileId? string puts 7 string fileId T nonewline 71F bfileId stdoutb 7RB b31b puts 7 P CS I/O ouZi“ P puts 3 C
18、 “Sqb T FX P Cq * F flush 7 flush fileId u = fileIdS Mq 7R b31b flush 7 Pu qb flush $Rbq1 Hu 1 flushb close ?fileId? 1S M fileIdq 7RB b31b +Y B TCL1 ga5a socket Tq T q T 7“ a b 2.3 q q Z T getsead 7R Q getsead 3 puts 7 “ Q puts“b TCL4 seek,tell eof 7 P Vd qb u 7u 7q/Q 7 Sbqu 7 H9 $ !q 7h | % u 7q H
19、P Tb Q3 MM b V P seek 7 Mq seek fileId offset ?origin? fileIdS Mq !M origin M offsetb origin V startcurrentend startb 7R B b31b seek fileId 2000 M fieleIdS MqL/Q 7 Sq 20003b seek M V 7 S9 b A start,currentendBb start M Mq 7 S)9 b current M V -9 b end M Vq 7 S9 b tell fileId R fileIdS Mq -b eof fileId Tr fileIdS Mq R 15R 0b 2.4 -T “ c TCL4 7 5 -T “ c pwd Cdb pwd UNIX/ pwd 7 B“ R - “ c b cd 79 UNIX 79B“ PB VT “ cM 4“ cb T cd P UNIX/T “ cM TCLT “c WINDOWS/T “ cM windows T“d“ c “ c
