自考英语二语法及课后翻译.doc

1、1自考英语二语法及课后翻译一、语法 Grammar 被视做为构成整体的个体时，其后的动词则为复数。His family is a happy one.His family are all interested in stamp-collecting.The Democratic Government is in power now.The government is/are considering further tax cuts.The audience was very quite when he was giving his speech.转自学易网 The audience were

2、shouting and laughing when he came into the hall.Our class is the top class in the grade.The class are busy taking notes.3.并列主语与动词的一致1)当“名词+名词”表示一种事物时，用单数动词。Bacon and eggs is a very popular British breakfast.Toast and marmalade (果酱面包) is my favorite breakfast.Fish and chips (炸鱼与土豆片) is served every

3、day.2)当主语是由 and， both .and 连接的并列结构时，如果主语所指的不是一种事物，动词则用复数形式。Jack and Mary are in love with each other.Both Tom and John are absent today.War, famine and drought have claimed thousands of lives in that country.3)在又 or或 nor 连接的并列结构中，动词单、复数形式一般与 or 或 nor 后边的名词或代词保持一致。转自学易网 He or his brothers are to blam

4、e for this.Either you or your friend has to pay the bill.Either his father or his mother comes to see him every day.When couples quarrel, (either) the wife or the husband has to give in.Neither she nor you are mistaken.Neither the manager nor the clerks are college graduates.4) not only but also 连接的

5、结构做主语时，动词的单、复数形式依据 but also 后的名词或代词。Not only Fred but also his parents love this small pet dog.2Not only the boys but also their mother is very ell.课后练习Translate the following into English.1) Use the verb + noun collocation.转自学易网 出席会议 to attend a meeting 干的不错 to do a good job体验苦难 to experience bitte

6、rness 自学英语 to teach oneself English发现奇迹 to discover wonders 忍住咳嗽 to hold back ones cough掌握技能 to master skills 获取知识 to acquire knowledge需要勇气 to require courage 丰富生活 to enrich ones life接受修正 to accept rectification 改正错误 to correct mistakes不再指望 to cherish no hope 作出努力 to make efforts2)Use the “useful ex

7、pressions”.1.新造的大桥坍塌了，一名工程师和两名地方官员为此受到刑事起诉。The collapse of the big newly-built bridge led to criminal prosecution against an engineer and two local government officials.转自学易网 2.他工作了一天，午饭都没动。He worked all day, leaving his lunch untouched.3.经常性的体育运动使学生身体强壮，更好的适应学习，决不是浪费时间。Far from being a waste of tim

8、e, regular sports activities make students physically strong and deal with their study better.4.在海洋世界公园，海豹和海豚能够表演各种技巧，逗的小观众们乐不可支。The seals and dolphins in the Sea World are capable of various acting techniques, and this makes children audience overjoyed.5.把快乐建立在别人痛苦之上的人迟早要受到报应的。Those who take deligh

9、t in other peoples pain will suffer retribution sooner or later.6.在某些方面，那部新字典有不少地方需要改进。In some respects, that new dictionary has much to be improved.7.当那辆公共汽车冲进路边翻了车时，许多小朋友被困在里边。转自学易网 When that bush rushed out of the road and turned over, many children got trapped in it.8.在开幕式上，市政府将为一千多明来宾提供饮食。At th

10、e opening ceremony, the municipal government will provide food and drink for more than 1,000 guests.9.在中国，城市家庭只允许生一个孩子。In China, every urban family is restricted to only one child.10.只要我们能得到点休息，去哪里并不重要。As long as we can get a little rest, is doesnt matter where we go.3)Use learn, ask and teach.1.那位男

11、孩向警察询问去火车站怎么走。That boy asked the policeman how to get to the railway station.2.学习外语没有任何捷径可走。There are no shortcuts to learning a foreign language.转自学易网 3.获悉我最喜欢的数学老师仍然在那所学校教书我决定去看他。Learning that my favourite maths teacher is still teaching in that school, I decided to visit him.4.这位老工人教育他的子女做人要诚实。Th

12、is veteran worker taught his children to be honest.5.他问老板那天他是否可以早点离开办公室。He asked his boss whether he could leave off work a little earlier that day.6.艰难困苦使我们对我们现有的一切感到满意。Difficulties and hardships teach us to be grateful for all that we have already had.7.毕业时他要求到西藏去工作一年。On his graduation, he asked t

13、o work in Tibet for one year.8.我只不过是想关心别人，也希望受到他人的关心，我的要求并不过分。3All I want to do is just to show my care for others, and I hope to be treated in the same way by others. I am not asking too much.9.聪明人从自己的错误中吸取教训。Wise men learn lessons from their own mistakes.10. 求援是没有用的，因为已经早过了午夜。Since it is well afte

14、r midnight, there is no point in asking for help.11.那位科学家教育他的学生说年轻人要面向未来。That scientist taught his students that young people should be gearing themselves for the future.12.问及她生活的最大乐趣时，她说“学习”。When asked what was the greatest pleasure in her life, she replied “learning”自考英语（二）重点句型组合1. 强调句 It was ligh

15、tening that caused the forest fire last year.正是闪电引起了去年的那场火灾。 2. 虚拟语气 We hurried back to school lest/ for fear that it (should) rain. 我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校，生怕天会下雨。3. 比较级 the morethe more The more time a person spends on his work,the less time he has to play. 一个人花在工作上的时间越多，花在玩耍上的时间就越少。4. This subject is far mor

16、e difficult than everybody has previously expected. 这门课程比每个人以前预料的还要难得多。5. more than/rather than A political figures success depends more on external factors than his own characteristics. 一个政治人物的成功与其取决于他个人的特点，不如说取决于外部因素。6. 让步状语 Whether you believe him or not， you have to make the decision. 无论你是否相信他，你

17、都必须做出决定。7. no matter what/ who/when/how,No matter how hard he tried,he couldnt persuade his friends to give up the adventure. 无论他怎么努力，都不能说服他的朋友们放弃冒险。转自学易网 8. despite/in spite of ,He decided to carry out the plan in spite of the protest from his parents. 他决定不顾父母的反对执行他的计划。9. 结果状语 I broke my glasses so

18、 that I couldnt see clearly what happened. 我打破了眼镜，以至于看不清当时发生了什么事。10. The density of the star has become so great that it may explode at some time. 这颗恒星的密度如此之大，以至于它会在某一时刻爆炸。11. 非限定性定语从句 As we expected 正如我们所预料的那样/ As is well known 众所周知， the project was finished successfully on time. 项目成功地提前完成。12. 形式主语

19、 Its no doubt that correct decisions made today will have a good effect on future. 毫无疑问，今天做出的正确决策将对未来有很好的影响。13. 形式宾语 Many people find it important to keep a good living habit. 很多人认为保持一个良好的生活习惯非常重要。转自学易网 14. 宾语补足语 The new electronic techniques make possible the effect that has never been created befo

20、re. 新的电子技术使得一种从未有过的音响效果成为可能。15. 倒装句 Not until recently did we realize that language was closely related to culture. 直到最近我们才意识到语言与文化密切相关。16. Under no circumstances should you hesitate to offer your opinion as it is. 在任何情况下你都应毫不犹豫地说出你真实的想法。17. 比较状语 such as Such people as you described can hardly succe

21、ed in nowadays. 像你描述的那种人在当今社会很难取得成功。18. 原因状语 be different/ similar in thatRobots are different from automatic machines in that they can be reprogrammed to do another job.机器人和自动化机器的不同之处在于它能被重新编程完成其它的任务。转自学易网 19. 宾语从句 people hold different attitudes as to 人们对于是否应该用动物做实验持不同的态度。people hold different att

22、itudes as to whether animals should be used in experiments.20. 并列句 not onlybut also Sports can not only benefit our body,but also contribute immensely to mental health. 运动不仅对我们的身体有益，而且还极大地有助于精神健康。自考英语（二）重点词组汇总41.in the way 挡路，阻碍，妨碍 2.to make a guess at 对.进行猜测3.to blind sb.to sth. 使某人看不到某物,使某人对某物丧失判断

23、力4.to contribute to sth.(1)促成，导致(2)有助于，增添(3)捐助，贡献(4)撰稿，投稿5.to seek to do sth.设法做某事6.in part 部分地;在某种程度上7.vary from.to. 从.变为.;在.与.之间变化8.and the like 等等，诸如此类9.point of view 观点，看法10.to apply for 申请，请求11.day-to-day (1)日常的，每日常规工作的(2)逐日的12.to have no idea 不知道;无能力13.to take the trouble to do sth.费力做某事，不辞劳苦做

24、某事14.to put oneself in sbs place 设身处地替某人着想15.to ones advantage 处于不利地位16.to ask for 要求，请求，要价，讨价17.in hand (1)在手中(持有);在手头(随时可用)(2)在控制下(3)正在办理、处理之中18.to make sure(of/that)(1)弄清楚，核实查明(2)设法确保，最好转自学易网 19.to turn down (1)to turn sb./down 顶回，拒不理会，拒绝(2)to turn sth.down 调节(炉具、收音机等)使热量、音量温度等降低(3)翻下20.as soon a

25、s 一.就.，不迟于21.aim to do sth.或 aim at doing sth 计划;打算;以.为目标22.experiment with 进行实验(试验)23.in case 免得，以防万一，说不定24.in theory 理论上，理论上讲25.to apply to sth. (1)把.应用于.(2)致力于.，集中精力(做某事)26.research into 研究、探讨、调查27.to swallow up (1)吞没，淹没，掩盖(2)用尽，耗尽28.to make use of 利用29.depend on 依靠，指望30.together with 和，连同31.in e

26、very respect 在各个方面32.in other words 换句话说，也就是说33.to consist of 由.组成，由.构成34.a great many 许多，很多35.to consist of 对.有影响转自学易网 36.above all 最重要的，尤其，首先37.as a rule 在多数情况下，通常，一般而言38.to be affected with 感染(疾病)，患有.病39.to carry out (1)实施，执行，完成，贯彻，落实(2)进行(实验等)40.in addition to 加之，除.以外41.in this(that)case 这(那)样的话

27、，既然这(那)样42.to open up (1)畅谈(2)开业，开张43.to care for (1)照顾，照看(2)喜欢，喜爱，愿意44.to take into account(consideration) 考虑，体谅，包括45.to have.at heart 很关心某事物，极欲支持或维护46.to opt out(of) 决定不参加，退出47.for short 简称,简写48.to amount to (1)总计，共达(2)等于，相当于49.on(the)average 平均来讲，按平均数计算550.to compete with 与.竞争，对抗51.to blame sb.fo

28、r 为.责备某人，责怪某人转自学易网 52.by nature 从天性上讲，本性上53.to be related to 与.有关54.to be worth(doing)sth. 值得55.to bring over 把某人带到，改变思想56.to convict sb.of 宣判某人有罪57.be supposed to 认为必须，认为应该58.be feel like(doing)sth. 想要(做)某事物59.to protect form(against) 保护，保卫60.to risk(doing)sth. 冒着.的危险61.to deal with (1)与.做生意，与.商业交往

29、(2)对待，对付，处理，解决62. 区别，辨别,是.的特征63.to agree to(do)sth. 同意，愿意，答应64.threaten to do sth 威胁要做某事，扬言要做某事65.according to (1)根据，据某人所说(2 按照，依照)(3)依而定66. to distinguish from (1)根据，据某人所说(2)67.to watch over (1)看护，照料(2)看守，看管，守卫转自学易网 68.in unison (1)齐唱，齐奏(2)一致地，协调地69.up to (1)作为最大数量，多达(2)直到;不多于(3)能胜任的，有某种能力70.call u

30、p 打电话，使想起，使忆起71.pay back 偿还，回报，惩罚，报复72.a good/great deal of 很多，大量73.to clean up (1)洗干净，打扫干净，清理(2)清除坏的影响74.to react to sb.(sth) 对作出反应，回应75.to make ones way to 走，行走，前进，去76.to take over 接管，接任，雇用77.to take on 披上，戴上，呈现，具有78.to take place 发生，举行79.in other words 换句话说80.in a sense 从某种意义说81.to serve as 起的作用,

31、被用作,充当82.to belong in 在中有适当的地位，处于正确的地位83.in advance 事先，预先，提前84.it goes without saying that. 不言而喻无庸置疑不用说.转自学易网 85.for the sake of (1)为了起见，看在的份上 (2)为了的好处，为了目的86.to expose sth.暴露，使面临，遭受.87.plenty of 大量的，丰富的88.in that 在于，因为89.in between 在中间，每间隔,在.期间90.in question 正被谈论的，正被考虑的91.to work on 从事致力于.92.to set

32、 up 设立，建立，提出93.to be on the alert against/for sth. 警惕94.to be concerned with (1)关于，涉及 (2)忙于(3)关心，关切95.to attach importance to sth.认为重要96.to take to sth/doing sth (1)开始从事(2)养成习惯(3)培养对.的爱好97.to put sth.to use 使用，利用98.to be relevant to sth 与有关的99.on the part of sb 就而言,在方面转自学易网 6100to set.as objective 把

33、作为目标101to look ahead to 向前看，展望未来102to allocate.forto 分配给配合103to hang up 把挂起来;延迟，拖延104to throw off 扔掉，摆脱105to work out 作出，制定出106up to date 最新的，新式的107to kid.into doing 欺骗去做108to stick with 坚持，继续109effect on 对.的作用110to blame sth. 把归咎于111now(that) 既然，由于112to leave/let.alone/be (1)不管，不理，不打扰(2)顺其自然，听任113o

34、ut of step 步伐不一致，不协调114in time (1)及时，不迟(2)终于，迟早115to date 把归咎116to attend to sth. (1)专心，注意(2)照顾，关照117to fall apart 破裂，崩溃转自学易网 118to be true of 符合于.，对适用119 to approximate to 与.接近120 resistance to sth (1)对.的抵抗，对抗(2)照顾，关照121 to cope with 对付，处理122 no other.than (1)除.外没有，只有(2)正是，就是123 to take advantage o

35、f (1)利用(2)占.的便宜124 to stand no/little chance of doing 没有可能，没有希望125 to identifyas 把看成;证明/确认.为.126 impact on 对的影响127 to break up 打碎;(被)分解;散开，驱散;结束;期终放假，崩溃128 in the running 参赛，参加竞选129 in power 掌权的，执政的130 out of power 丧失权力的，在野的131 in favor of (1)赞成，支持(2)支付给(3)为了;对有利132 to come into power 上台，开始掌权转自学易网 1

36、33 to carry on (1)经营，进行(2)继续134 to sacrifice to 向献祭;为.而牺牲;为.而失去135 be central to 对极为重要的136 be irrelevant to 与不相干，不切题137 be aim for 瞄准，以为目标138 in bring out (1)使显现，显示(2)生产，使产生139 to attach to 使与相关，把附加到140 to take for granted 认为真实，视为当然141 at ease 自在的，舒适的142 plea for 恳求，请求143 not that.并不是，不是因为144 not(ne

37、ver)for a moment 决不，从来没有145 to break in on(upon) 打扰，打断，闯进146 to seize/catch hold of 抓住，占有147 to excess 过分，过度，过量148 to substitute.for 用.代替149 be contrary to 与.相反转自学易网 150 in reality 实际上，事实上7151 to put off 延期，消除152 be confronted with 面临，面对153 to draw on (1)用.做来源，依靠(2 临近154 to gaze at 凝视，注视155 be unawa

38、re of 不知道.没觉察到156 to dream of 梦见，梦想157 in ones minds eye 在脑海里158 to go over (1)越过，渡过(2)仔细检查159 to impress.on 使铭记，牢记160 be free from 没有的，不受.的161 to go over (1)越过，渡过(2)仔细检查162 to impresson 使铭记，牢记163 to put aside (1)放在一边，撇开(2)储存164 be beneficial to 对有利165 to add up to (1)总计是(2)总起来意味着166 influence on 对的

39、影响167 to break into 分成(部分)168 so far as sb.knows 就某人所知169 ofvalue 有价值170 ofimportance 重要，有意义171 ofinterest 有趣，有意思172to coincide with 相符，一致173 to go in for (1)参加，从事(2)以.为兴趣，爱好174year in and year out 一年一年地，年复一年175 to take.easy 轻松一点;勿太紧张176to put an end to 结束或废除某事务177to do ones best 尽全力;尽量178to do with

40、 sth. 处理;忍受179 in return 作为回报180 to do without 没有也行;将就，设法应付过去自考英语（二）常考词汇（4）第十四单元 1.常考单词：device compassion grab belonging threatening convince foster persuasion avail suspect profound to convince sb. to do sth. to comment on2. 常考句子：1)It was a microcassette found in Kathleen Weinsteins shirt pocket th

41、at not only led police to her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey teacher to be a woman of extraordinary courage and compassion.本句是个强调句，另外注意 found 的用法2)It was there，police believe，that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag. 本句是强调句。3)Weinsteins body，with hands an

42、d feet bound，was discovered by a hiker on March17.4)But before she died she somehow slipped the microcassette into her pocket without her killer knowing it.第十五单元1.常考单词：solely content sensible persist vital logic evaluate raw ultimate functional extension undue concrete conquer error prolong technici

43、an proof possess to pull down to mistakefor to distinguish between to come to terms with to end in to reflect on to come about to speculate on2.常考句子：1)Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research.2)Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to be connected t

44、o - the reality of pain in others.注意本句的倒装形式。并且注意“ connect to ”表示“把 与 连接起来”。83)The reason these matters are important in a computerized age is that there may be a tendency to mistake data for wisdom.本句中注意“ tendency ”后面要接动词不定式作定语。另外“ mistake for ”表示“把 错认为 ”4)For the danger is not so much that man will

45、 be controlled by the computer as that he may imitate it.转自学易网 自考英语（二）常考词汇（3）第十单元 1.常考单词：election vote certainty loyalty decline democrat strategy pursue impact headquarters economy stir congress representative2. 常考词组：to identifyas impact on3. 常考句子：1)Candidates try to project a strong leadership ima

46、ge. (para.4)2)Whether voters accept this image，however，depends more on external factors than on a candidates personal characteristics. (para. 4)此句注意主语从句作主语。3)A year later，with the nations economy in trouble，Bushs approval rating dropped below 40 percent.4)Candidates are particularly concerned with w

47、inning the states which have the largest population.5)Clinton received only 43 percent of the popular vote in 1992，compared with Bushs 38 percent and Perots 19 percent.转自学易网 第十一单元1.常考单词：disorder irrelevant misleading irresponsible eventual replace partly undergo suitable to do research into be centr

48、al to be irrelevant to to aim for2. 常考句子：1)The use of animals has been central to the development of anaesthetics.2)Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results.3)People and animals are different in their reactions to drugs and in the way their bodies work.4)It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals.5)The eventual aim of computer modeling is to reduce the number of animals used in experiments.转自学易网 6)Man