1、 1 2014 职称英语 理工 类 C 级全真模拟试题 (一 ) 第一部分：词汇选项 (第 1 15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分 ) 下面共有 15 个句子，每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位1. Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years. A displayed B shown C changed D demonstrated 2. I have been trying to quit smoking.
2、A give up B pick up C build up D take up 3. This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language. A particular B characteristic C remarkable D idiomatic 4. The two girls look alike. A beautiful B similar C pretty D attractive 5. Jack was dismissed. A fired B fined C exhausted D c
3、riticized 6. She is a highly successful teacher. A fairly B rather C very D moderately 7. You will be meeting her presently. A shortly B currently C lately D probably 8. Since ancient times people have found various ways to preserve meat. A eat B cook C freeze D keep 9. The expedition reached the su
4、mmit at 10:30 that morning . A bottom of the mountain B foot of the mountain C top of the mountain D starting point 10. There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. A beats B destroys C maintains D defends 11. It is the movement, not the co
5、lor, of objects that excites the bull. A frightens B scares C arouses D confuses 2 12. The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close. A stated B said C suggested D announced 13. I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car. A normally B seldom C frequently D
6、 usually 14. Although I sympathize, I cant really do very much to help. A Because B Since C Though D For 15. It took us a long time to mend the house. A build B destroy C design D repair 第二部分：阅读判断 (第 16 22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分 ) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把 A 涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息
7、，请在答题卡上把 B 涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把 C The Smog For over a month， Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and wi
8、thin days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia， Singapore and Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars， it soon became poisonous（有毒的 ） . Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息） and co
9、ughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰） covered everything. In some areas， water was hosed（用胶管浇） from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog . Finally， heavy rains，
10、 which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from SouthEastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气） and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increa
11、se and many nonsufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. 3 But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact, the world was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixt
12、ure of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. 16 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought. A
13、 Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 The smog spread to neighbouring countries. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 The air-pollution index went up to 300 within a few days. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Water was used to try to break up the smog. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Many Indonesians
14、 blamed the government for the drought. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 The forest animals havent been affected by the smog. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 The word “smog” first appeared in 1952. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第 23 30 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分 ) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务： (
15、1)第 23 26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2 5 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题； (2)第 27 30 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4Global Warming 1 Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse （温室） effect. That might sound like good news, but experts say that as the cover diminishes i
16、n coming decades, we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses. 2 This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel prize winner Pa
17、ul Crutzen and Swedish 4 scientist Bert Bolin, former chairman of the UNs Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （ IPCC） . 3 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols （浮质） of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and c
18、ounteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide （二 氧化物） emissions. Until now, they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0.2 . So the 0.6 of warming over the past century would have been 0.8 without aerosols. 4 But the Berlin workshop conclude
19、d that the real figure is even higher aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three-quarters, cutting increases by 1.8 . If so, the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now. But the bad news is that the climate system is much
20、 more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed. 5 As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means “dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change“, the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop
21、. 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5_ 27 When the cover diminishes in the coming decades, temperature_ . 28 The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop_. 29 The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure_. 30 The increase of greenhouse gases_. 第四部分：阅读理解 (第 31 45 题，
22、每题 3 分，共 45 分 ) A will influence future climate change B was somewhat surprising C will rise rapidly D was known to us all E was much higher than had been expected F will drop dramatically A Atmospheric Scientists B The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop C The Previous Calculations of the Effe
23、ct of Aerosols D The Scientists Agreement E The Authoritative Conclusion F Greenhouse Gases 5 下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 第一篇 Explorer of the Extreme Deep Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet. Yet, just a small fraction of the underwater world has b
24、een explored. Now, Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle that will carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters (21,320 feet). The new machine， known as a manned submersible or human-operated vehicle (HOV), will replace another o
25、ne named Alvin which bas an amazing record of discovery, playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions. Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4,500 meters (14,784 feet). Its about time for an upgrade. WHOI researchers say. Alvin was launched in 1964. Si
26、nce then, Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari, a marine geologist and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI. During its lifetime, Alvin has carried some 12,000 people on a total of more than 3,000 dives. A newer, better versions of Alvin is bound
27、to reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries, Fornari says. It might also make the job of exploration a little easier. “We take so much for granted on land,” Fornari says. “ We can walk around and see with our eyes how big things are. We can see colors， special arrange
28、ments.” Size-wise, the new HOV will be similar to Alvin Itll be about 37 feet long. The setting area inside will be a small sphere, about 8 feet wide, like Alvin, itll carry a pilot and two passengers. It will be just as maneuverable. In most other ways, it will give passengers more opportunities to
29、 enjoy the view, for one thing. Alvin has only three windows， the new vehicle will have five, with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing. Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second, and its maximum speed is 2 knots (about 2.3 miles per hour), whil
30、e the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second. Itll reach speeds of 3 knots, or 3.5 miles per hour. 31 What is Alvin? A A research institute B A transporting vehicle C A submersible 6 D A scientist 32 Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin? A It ca
31、n carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters B It has played a key role in various important undersea expeditions C It was launched in the sixties of the twentieth century D It has been used for more than 40 years 33 “ a world that is still full of mysteries” refers to A the earth B out space C the oce
32、an D Mars 34 In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar? A Size B Speed C Capacity D Shape 35 In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different? A Offering better views B Speed C Size D Both A and B 第二篇 Motoring Technology 1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50
33、 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster. Travelling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assis
34、tants. They can ensure you dont miss crucial road signs or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesnt distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes 7 result from human and not mechanical faults. So
35、me safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology “ sees through” high-sided vehicles blocking your view. And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be
36、linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape. And alternatives to fossil-fuel based petrol, such as plant oils, are a hot area of research. Fuel cells based on hydrogen burn cleanly, and are the subject of a serious research effort. But whatever is in the fuel tank, you dont want a
37、 thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against car theft. These communication systems can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help. Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are mor
38、e subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analysed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyones personal chauffeur, but their latest efforts suggest that
39、 wont be soon. 36 What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate? A They are developing faster electric vehicles. B They are analyzing road deaths occurring worldwide every year. C They focus their research on safety and new fuels. D They are des
40、igning fully automatic cars. 37 According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen A because drivers fall asleep. B because drivers make mistakes. C because of engine failure. D because of speeding. 38 Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage? A Radars that can hel
41、p drivers to see obstacles in fog. B Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles. 8 C Improvements in seat belts, pedal controls and tyres. D Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision. 39 What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote comm
42、unications? A To prevent car thieves from getting into your car. B To call for help when ones car crashes. C To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic. D To track the car down when it is being stolen. 40 What is true of robotic drivers? A It will take some time before robotic drivers
43、can be put to practical use. B Robotic drivers are not allowed to drive on busy roads. C Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers. D Robotic drives are too expensive to use. 第三篇 Shark Attack! Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard, scanning the distance for his next wave, when his board su
44、ddenly stopped moving. He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. “I could have touched its eye with my elbow,” says Craig. The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadnt heard a thing. In his horror and confusion, he waved his arms and accidentally c
45、ut two of his fingers on the sharks teeth. He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water. Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers, the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below. Although sharks are often categorized as kil
46、lers that hunt and eat as many humans as they can, this is factually inaccurate. Sharks very rarely kill humans. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightning or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark. Only 74 people have been reported killed by great whites in the last cent
47、ury. But great white sharks can reach six meters in length and weigh 2,200 kilograms or more. With frightening jaws that can hold up to 3,000 teeth arranged in several rows, they could very easily kill and eat a helpless human in the water. Why is it, then, that most people survive attacks by great
48、whites? Shark researchers are trying to 9 comprehend the reasons that allow people to escape without being eaten. The most common explanation is that great whites dont see well. It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals or sea lions which make up a large part of their diet. There is reason to doubt this, however. Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also, when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. When approaching humans, however, t
