1、第五讲雅思阅读主观题下,填空、图表、简答 王莹,一、填空题,概述 解题方法与SUMMARY题完全一样题目讲解 例1：剑二T2P2Q14-17例2：剑七 T1P1Q10-13,剑二T2P2Q14-17 原文：Publicity comes only when a failure to communicate has major concequences, such as strikes, lost orders, legal problems, or fatal accidents-even, at times, war. Q14 Language problems may come to th
2、e attention of public when they have such as fatal accidents or social problems.,原文：In the English-speaking scientific world, for example, surveys of books and documents consulted in libraries and other information agencies have shown that very little foreign language material is ever consulted. Q15
3、 Evidence of the extent of the language barrier has been gained from of materials used by scientists such as books and periodicals.,原文：British industry, in particular, has in recent decades often been criticized for its linguistic insularity for its assumption that foreign buyers will be happy to co
4、mmunicate in English, and that awareness of other languages is not therefore a priority. In the 1960s, over two-thirds of British firms dealing with non-English-speaking customers were using English for outgoing correspondence; many had their sales literature only in English Q16 An example of Britis
5、h linguistic insularity is the use of English for materials such as,原文：The changes in awareness have been most marked in English-speaking countries where the realization has gradually dawned that by no means everyone in the world knows English well enough to negotiate in it. This is especially a pro
6、blem when English is not an official language of public administration, as in most parts of the Far East, Russia, Eastern Europe, the Arab world, Latin America and French-speaking Alfrica. Q17 An example of a part of the world where people may have difficulty in negotiating English is.,EXERCISE:It i
7、s better to give than to receive,1. Climate change is a legitimate worry. Although still riddled with uncertainties, the science of climate change is becoming firmer: put too much carbon in the atmosphere and you might end up cooking the earth, with possibly catastrophic results. But here again, swi
8、tching immediately to nuclear power is not the best response. Cutting the hefty subsidies that go to the worlds coal producers would help tilt the worlds energy balance towards natural gas, which gives off much less carbon dioxide. Developing countries subsidise electricity prices to the tune of up
9、to $120 billion a year, according to World Bank estimates. If prices reflected the true costs of generation, electricity demand would fall, thus cutting greenhouse emissions.,Complete the sentences below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage above for each blank space. 1. Two carbon-free fo
10、rms of energy are _ and _. 2. The main environmental risk attached to nuclear power is _. 3. One disadvantage of _is that they spoil the landscape. 4. Money presently used for nuclear research could be better spent on _. 5. The nuclear industry should operate nuclear power plants _.,2. Once the toug
11、h job of cutting subsidies is over, governments might want to reduce greenhouse gases further. Again there are carbon-free energies that merit more subsidies than nuclear. The costs of many renewable technologies, such as solar and wind power, have fallen dramatically in recent decades.,1. Two carbo
12、n-free forms of energy are _ and _. 2. The main environmental risk attached to nuclear power is _. 3. One disadvantage of _is that they spoil the landscape. 4. Money presently used for nuclear research could be better spent on _. 5. The nuclear industry should operate nuclear power plants _.,3. More
13、over, supporting nuclear power to ward off climate change means swapping one environmental risk for another. Voters in many countries fear radiation like the plague. The risks of nuclear accidents may be tiny, but when they happen they can be catastrophic. Renewables are not without their environmen
14、tal disadvantages(wind turbines, for example, can be unsightly on hilltops), but are much cleaner than nuclear. The billions rich countries each year pump into nuclear research would be better spent on renewables instead.,1. Two carbon-free forms of energy are _ and _. 2. The main environmental risk
15、 attached to nuclear power is _. 3. One disadvantage of _is that they spoil the landscape. 4. Money presently used for nuclear research could be better spent on _. 5. The nuclear industry should operate nuclear power plants _.,4. Having been invented, nuclear power will not disappear. The nuclear in
16、dustry still has a job to do, running existing nuclear plants to the end of their lives as cheaply and safely as possible. For now, the case for nuclear power is full of holes. Asia should resist the temptation to throw its money into them.,1. Two carbon-free forms of energy are _ and _. 2. The main
17、 environmental risk attached to nuclear power is _. 3. One disadvantage of _is that they spoil the landscape. 4. Money presently used for nuclear research could be better spent on _. 5. The nuclear industry should operate nuclear power plants _.,二、图表题,流程图题 方法与SUMMARY相近题目讲解 例1：剑三T2P1Q9-13例2：剑六 T3P3Q3
18、8-40,题型要求 题目中有一个图表或一个表格，其中有一些信息，留出空格，要求根据文章填空。一般没有选项可供选择。 所填的内容一般分为如下几类： （1）时间、事件及人物 （2）数字及排位。 （3）物体的构成及功能。 （4）流程图。 （5）抽象名词,解题步骤： （1）找出题目中的关键词。 （2）到原文中去找关键词的对应词。 （3）仔细阅读对应词所在的句子，确定正确答案。 （4）要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原文的顺序基本一致。,例题: CThere are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and
19、some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging ma
20、terial in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.
21、,D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognize various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its i
22、ndividual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machinery is used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, t
23、he fibres from printed waste paper are grey in color because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey color does not matter, such as cardboard boxes, but if the grey color is not acceptable, the fibres must be d-inked.
24、 This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper, they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together
25、.,Use one or two words for each answer:,Waste paper collected from: Factories Retail stores (37) Paper converters and printers Households,The paper is then (38),and (39) by adding water,Chemicals are added in order to (40),The fibers are then (41),The four most common sources of paper for recycling
26、are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material.,Waste paper col
27、lected from: Factories Retail stores (37) Paper converters and printers Households,Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognize various types of paper.,The paper is then (38),The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its in
28、dividual fibres.,and (39) by adding water,This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey color does not matter, such as cardboard boxes, but if the grey color is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soa
29、ps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents.,Chemicals are added in order to (40),Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper, they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.,The fibers are then (41),三、简答题 重点把握预测和定位词 例题：剑四T1P2Q24-26 注意 1注意题目要求中是否有数字限制。 2绝大部分的答案是原文原词，而且是原文中连续的几个词。 3一般比较简单，注意快速答题。,
