1、Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.,Section A 1a-2d,Do you know?,1a Look at the things at the yard sale. Do you have any of these things at home? How long have you had them?,Language Goal: Talk about possessions and things around you.,1b Listen and check () the facts you hear.,_ Jeffs family
2、is having a yard sale. _ Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things. _ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years. _ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. _ You can also give old things away to people in need.,Amy： You have some great things at this yard sale, Je
3、ff. Jeff： Thanks, Amy. Our family has collected so many things over the years, but we dont use them anymore. Amy: But isnt it hard to sell some of your things? There are many things Ive had since I was a child. I dont think I could sell them. Jeff: Yes, its hard to say goodbye to certain things. Amy
4、: By the way, how long have you had that bike over there?,Tape scripts,Jeff: Ive had it for three years! I learned how to ride a bike on it. Amy: Old things really bring back sweet memories. But its true that we may never use some of these things again. Jeff: Yes, like old toys or books youve alread
5、y read. You can sell those, or you can also give them away to kids or people who need them. Amy: Oh! How much is this book? Jeff：You can have it for 75 cents.,1c Practice the conversation. Then make conversations about other things in the picture above.,A: This is a really old book. B: Yes, Ive had
6、it for seven years. Ive read it three times. A: Why are you selling it? B: Because I dont read it anymore. A: How much is it? B: You can have it for 75 cents.,2a Listen and check () the things Amys family are giving away and circle the things they are keeping.,book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tig
7、er bread maker sweater dress hat scarf,2b Listen again and fill in the blanks.,Amy has had her favorite _ for three years. 2. Amy has had the toy _ since she was a _. 3. Amys mom has had the old bread maker for more than _ years, 4. Amy can give away the _ and _ because they do not fit her anymore.,
8、book,bear,a baby,ten,sweater,dress,Mom: Lets look through this box of old things and decide what to give away. Amy：I think I want to keep this book. Ive had it for three years. Even though Ive already read it twice, its still my favorite book. But we can give away the magazine. Mom: What about these
9、 soft toys? Amy: I want to keep the bear because Ive had it since I was a baby. It has special meaning to me because Grandma gave it to me.,Tape scripts,Ill give away the lion and tiger. Mom: OK. And this old bread maker of minecan go, too. Ive had it for more than 10 years. Aunt Taylor bought a new
10、 one for me last week. Amy: Thats great. We can still have homemade bread. And I can give away this sweater and dress, too. They dont fit me anymore. But I want to keep the hat and scarf for ice skating. Mom: Great. You can take these things to the childrens home tomorrow then.,A: Amy, can we give a
11、way these soft toys? B: Mom, I want to keep the bear. A: Why? Its so old. B: Because Ive had it since I was a baby.,2c Student A is Amys mom. Student B is Amy. Make conversations.,2d Role-play the conversation.,Linda: Welcome to the Sunshine Home for Children. Im Linda. Amy: Hi, Im Amy. I have some
12、things for the kids. Ive had this magazine for a couple of months. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they re still interesting. Linda: Great! Many children here love reading.,Amy: And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. Ive had them since I was a child. Theres also a s
13、weater and a dress. Linda: Perfect! We always need toys and clothes. Amy: One last thing is a bread maker. My moms had it for a long time but it still works. Linda: Thanks so much!,3a Read the article written by a father for a newspaper. What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?,My children
14、 are growing up fast. My daughter is 16 and my boy is already in junior high school. As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller. So we want to sell some of our things in a yard sale and give the money to a childrens home.,We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. We have
15、decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. My son was quite sad at first. Although he has not played with his old toys for a long time, he still wanted to keep them. For example, he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week unti
16、l he was about seven. And he did not want to lose his toy monkey, either.,He slept next to the monkey every night when he was a child. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest,
17、 I have not played for a while now. I amgetting older, too!,3b Read the article again and answer the questions. 1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale? 2. What do they want to do with the money from the sale? 3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set? 4. How can the old toys be
18、useful again? 5. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise?,Why did they decide to have a yard sale?2. What do they want to do with the money from the sale?3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?,As their childr
19、en get bigger their house seems to get smaller.,They want to gave the money to a childrens home.,Because he has owned the train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.,4. How can the old toys be useful again?5. Have you ever though
20、t about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise?,They can give away the old toys to people in need or sell them for money.,Students answers.,3c Find the words or phrases in the article which can be replaced with the ones below and write them next to the wor
21、ds.,lose _ kids _ truthful _ many _ some time _ even though _ quickly _ older _,part with,children,to be honest,a lot of,for a while,although,fast,bigger,1. Look at the things at the yard sale.,yard sale 庭院旧货出售 这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yard sale，也可译作“庭院拍卖会”。,Language p
22、oints,庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，应有尽有，大到家具、电器，小到玩具、衣物和鞋帽。 这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价钱合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价 正是这种低廉、公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得yard sale广受欢迎，逐渐 演变成一种独特的文化现象。,副词anymore亦可写作any more， 常用于否定句的末尾，意思是“再（不）； (不）再”。 not anymore 相当于 not any longer，,2. Because I dont read it anymore.因为我不再看它了。,例如： You can have it, for I dont ne
23、ed it anymore. 你可以把它拿走，因为我不再需要它了。 The doctor told me not to play computer games anymore. 大夫叫我别再玩电脑游戏了。,3. Because Ive had it since I was a baby.因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有它了。,since(自从） 常常引导短语或从句，用于现在完成时的句子中。 since引出从句 时，从句中一般使用过去时。,再如： Ive had these soft toys since I was a child. 我还是个孩子的时候就有这些毛绒玩具了。 Since that u
24、nfortunate accident last week, I havent been sleeping at all well. 自从上 周发生了那次不幸的事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。,4. Ive had this magazine for a couple of months.这本杂志我买 了几个月 了。,1）a couple of 有两种意思：其一，表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体；其二，表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文 和具体的语境而决定。例如：,You have to wait for a couple of hours for t
25、he clothes to dry completely. 你得等上一 两个小时让这些衣服完全干燥。 Look! There are a couple of boys waiting for you at the door. 瞧!门 口有两三个男 孩正在等你。,2）介词for也常用在现在完成时的句子中，后面引出表示时间的词或短语，说明某 种情况已经持续了一段时间。再如： Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years. 杰夫已经拥有他的自行车超过10年了。,5. We have decided to each sell five things that
26、 we no longer use.我们决定每人出 售五件不再使用的物品。,(1)此句中we no longer use是由that引导的定 语从句，修饰前面的名词five things。 (2)句中no longer的意思是“不再；不复”，有时可用not. any longer或not. anymore替换。再如：,He no longer lives here. (= He doesnt live here anymore / any longer.) 他不再住这 儿了。 3) each在句中对we进行限定，表示“(两个或 两个以上的人或物中）各自；每个”。再如： My sister an
27、d I each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 我和姐姐各有一本英汉词典。,to be honest是英语口语中一个常用表达，表示“说实话；老实说”。 英语中类似的 表达还有：to be frank,意思是“坦率地说”。例如： To be honest, I dont like him very much. 老实说，我不太喜欢他。 To be perfectly frank, I think thats a crazy idea.坦白相告，我认为那是个荒唐的主意。,6.but, to be honest, I have not played for a
28、 while now.但是, 说实在的, 现在我已经有一段时间没玩了。,Ive already had dinner.2. He has just finished his homework.3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school.,Have you already had dinner?,Has he just finished his homework?,Has mum cooked the dinner?,Has Susan learned English at school?,一 把下列句子改为一般疑问
29、句。,二 选用for和since填空: 1.We havent seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China. 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years. 6. Its five years _ we met last time,for,since,fo
30、r,since,for,since,三 动词填空： 1._ you _(clean) the room?Yes, we _(do) that already.When _ you _(do) it?We _(do) it an hour ago. 2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.When _ he _(see) it?He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you _( come) here? Once.,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,
31、come,4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting. 5. She _ (go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.How _ she _(go) there?She _(go) there by air. 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. 7.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking last year. 8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never. 9.He _( keep) the book
32、since two days ago.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,Have,ridden,has kept,Homework,Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise? Discuss with your classmates.,Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.,Section A Gram
33、mar Focus,现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。,结构： 主语+ have / has + 动词的过去分词,一般疑问句： have / has ?Yes, I have. No, I havent.Yes, she has. No, she hasnt.,Revision,1. 现在完成时动词构成 have /has + v 过去分词,助动词,否定,havent hasnt,疑问,Have you? Has he?,常与下列时间状语连用：just , already, yet, ever, never, be
34、fore, several times,现在完成时,1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用。,2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态， 常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。,动词构成：have/has+v过去分词,have breakfast,I have just had my breakfast.,(现在我不饿),Im not hungry now,moved here in 2004,I still live here,I have lived here for three years.,I
35、have lived here since 2004/three years ago.,now,past,2. 现在完成时动词可以表示开始于过去持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态。 1) I have studied English since last year. 我从去年开始学习英语。 2) She has lived in Beijing for five years. 她住在北京已经五年了。 注意: come, go , leave, arrive, buy, lose, receive, join, die, bury 和marry 等动词所表示的动作是 一时的, 不能延
36、续的, 故不能与for , since 等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过, 这些 词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用， 即动作的不发生是可以持续的。,3. 现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下：I have cleaned my room. (My room is clean now.) 我已经打扫过我的房间了。I cleaned my room last week. (I did it in the past.) 我上周打扫了我的房间。Father has gone to
37、Amoy. (He went to Amoy and he is not here now.) 爸爸已经去厦门了。They have bought a dictionary. (They bought a dictionary and they have it now.) 他们买了一本字典。,注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语 (如: yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等)连用， 但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如: already, yet, ever, never, som
38、etimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately等)连用； 也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如： today, this morning, this week, this year等)连用。,( 1).for+表示一段时间的短语( 2).since+表示过去时间点的词语( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句,eg.I have been a teacher _ a year.He has been at this school _ 1992.We have learned 1,000 English word
39、s _ we came to this school.,for,since,since,现在完成时句中常见的时间状语 A.表示从过去一直持续到现在, 不能是具体 的过去时间。,ever,just,already,yet,e.g. Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I have finished my homework _.I havent finished my homework _.,B. just, already, yet, before/ ever, never有此 类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.,
40、already “已经” ; yet “仍然, 还”这两个副词常常用于完成时态, 其中already常用于肯定句, yet常用于否定句和疑问句中。 如: Jim has already finished his work. Jim已经把他的工作做完了。 Mother hasnt come home yet. 妈妈还没回来。 Havent you read The Call of the Wild yet? 你还没读过野性的呼唤吗？,现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（
41、如：in 1990，last Sunday 等）。,一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：,have / has + V过去分词,现在完成时表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 如：Have you read that story？你读过那个故事吗？（“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：是否知道故事的内容。） I have bought two apples 我买了两个苹果。 （“买”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果。）,4. 在
42、现在完成时中 ever, never, just, already, yet在用法和意思上有什么区别？,在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already, just, ever, yet, never等。already, just多用于肯定句中，ever, yet, never多用于疑问句和否定句中。 如：I have already finished my homework我已经做完家庭作业了。 He has just had his meal他刚吃过饭。 Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？ They h
43、avent started yet. 他们还没有身。 We have never heard of it我们从来没有听说过这件事。,(1). Have (has) been in 意为“已经在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。 They have been in Canada for five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。,5. have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法,(2). Have (has)
44、been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可与 just, ever, never 等连用。 如：Ive just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。 Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。,(3). Have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。 如：Ive been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。 They have been to that
45、village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。 (4). Have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、二人称代词作主语。 如: Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里？ He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。,例如： He has gone to Hong Kong. 他到香港去了。(他已前往香港, 或在途中, 或已到达。说话人暗示他现在不在现场) He has been to Hong Kong. 他曾到过香港。 (说话人认为他过去到过香港, 现在
46、已不在该地。 言外之意他对香港有所了解),Grammar Focus,for 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用,for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大： （1）for后须接“时间段” He has studied English for five years.他学英语5年了。 （2）since后须接“时间点”He has studied English since 1999.他从1999年开始学英语。,（3）二者可以转换 for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + agoHe has been here for five weeks. = He has been h
47、ere since five weeks ago.他到这儿已经有五个星期了。,如： He has taught here since he came to China. 自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。 We have been friends since we met in school. 我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。,(4) since能引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时)，而for则不能。,（5）现在完成时常用句型： It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句 It is four days since last Friday. 从上周
48、五到现在已经四天了。 It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing. 吉姆来北京已经两年了。,This is the first (second) time that + 从句句型中的that从句通常使用现在完成时。 如： This is the first time that Jenny and Danny have been to China. 这是珍妮和丹妮第一次来屮国。 This is the third time that I have seen Karen. 这是我第三次见到Karen。,（6）均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延 续性动词的否定式连用。 如: I have bought this computer since four years ago. () I have had this computer since four years ago. () I havent bought anything for two months.( ) I havent heard from him for 3 weeks. (),
