1、Unit 2,Our new home,New words,1.whywa adv. （用于问句）为什么; 为何; （反问，表示不必）何必; （说明理由）为什么;int. 呵唷，哎呀，嗨;n. 理由; 原因; 说明; 难解的问题;复数: whys,特殊疑问词复习,where：哪里（状语）what ：什么when：问时间 (回答用At/ On.等)which：哪一个，哪个who ：谁 ( 回答用He is.She is. They are.等）whom： 谁（宾格）whose：谁的 (回答用It is. These/Those are等)why： 为什么 (回答用Because，问原因)How：
2、怎么样(回答用形容词，问程度）记法：特殊疑问词的开头一般是wh或h。,what time：问时间点what color：什么颜色（表语）what weather：什么天气what subject：什么学科what job：什么职业How fast：多快（速度）How many：多少数量How long：多长(可用于时间，问做多长时间）How much：多少钱价格How often：多少次 （问频率）（频率副词）How far：多远路程How soon：多久How old：多少岁,例句,2.becausebkz conj. 因为;短语：because ofThey are here becaus
3、e of us.他们是因为我们来这里的。He walked slowly because of his bad leg.他因为腿不方便而行走缓慢。,because, as, for, since 的用法,一、because, as, for, since这几个词都是表示“原因”的连词，语气由强至弱依次为：becausesinceasfor;其中because, since, as均为从属连词，引导原因状语从句；而for 是并列连词，引导并列句。 1. because表示直接原因，它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的，其语气最强。常用来回答why的提问，一般放于主句之后，也可以单独存在。例如： (
4、1)I stayed at home because it rained. 因为下雨我呆在家里。 (2)Because Lingling was ill, she didnt come to school. 玲玲因病，没有上学。 (3)?Why is she absent? 她为什么缺席？ Because she is sick. 因为她病了。此外，在强调句型中，只能用because。例如： (4)It was because I missed the early bus that I was late for school. 我上学迟到是因为我没有赶上早班汽车。,2. since侧重主句，从
5、句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为”、“既然”，语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。例如： (1)Since he asks you, youll tell him why. 他既然问你，那就告诉他为什么吧。 (2)Since everyone is here, lets start. 既然大家都到齐了，我们就出发吧！ (3)Since I understood very little Japanese, I couldnt follow the conversation. 我日语懂得不多，因而听不懂对话。,3. as是常用词，它表示的“原因”是双方已
6、知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与since相同，但语气更弱，没有since正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。例如： (1)We all like her as she is kind. 我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。 (2)As I had a cold, I was absent from school. 因为我感冒了，所以没去上课。 (3)As Xiao Wang was not ready, we went without him. 由于小王没有准备好，我们只好不带他去了。,4. for用作连词时，与because相似，但它所表示的原因往往
7、提供上文未交待过的情况。for不表示直接原因，表明附加或推断的理由，因此for被看作等立连词，它所引导的分句只能放在句子后部(或单独成为一个句子)，并且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系，其间用逗号隔开，且for不可置于句首，for的这一用法常用在书面语中，较正式。例如：(1)The days are short, for it is now December. 白天短了，因为现在已是十二月份。 (2)It must have rained, for the ground is wet. (从“地面潮湿”作出“下过雨”的推测，但地湿并不一定是下雨所致, for不可以换为because。)
8、 (3)The ground is wet because it has rained. (“下雨”是“地上潮湿”的直接原因。)5.前后两个分句间有一定的因果关系时(有时很难区分是直接原因，还是推测性原因)，for与because可以互换使用。例如： (4)I could not go, for / because I was ill. 我没能去，是因为我病了。 (5)He felt no fear, for / because he was a brave boy. 他没有害怕，因为他是个勇敢的男孩,Since、because、as、for四个词有何区别与联系,四者均可用来表示原因，区别如下
9、：(1) 关于 because：语气最强，表示直接原因，可用于回答 why 提出的问题、引导表语从句、用于强调句等，而其余三者均不行：“Why didnt he come?” “Because he was ill.” “他为什么没来?”“因为他病了。”My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples.我肚子痛，因为苹果吃得太多。Thats because you cant appreciate music. 这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。It is because he is honest that I like him. 是因为他诚实我才
10、喜欢他。,(2) 关于 since 与 as：a. 两者所表示的原因都是人们已知的，即对已知事实提供理由，而不是表示直接原因。since 比 as 语气稍强，且比 as 略为正式，它们引导的从句通常放在主句之前，有时也放在主句之后：As you werent there, I left a message. 由于你不在那儿，我留了个口信。Since you are wrong, you should apologize. 你既然错了，就应该道歉b. since 可用于省略句，而其他三者不行：Since so, I have nothing to say. 既然如此，我无话可说。,(3) 关于
11、for：是并列连词(其余三者为从属连词)，它有时可表示因果关系(通常要放在主句之后，且可与 because 换用)；有时不表示因果关系，而是对前面分句内容的解释或推断(也要放在主句之后，但不能与because 换用)。比较：The ground is wet, for (=because) it rained last night. 地面是湿的，因为昨晚下过雨。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. 昨晚一定下过雨，你看今天早上地面是湿的。 (此句不能用 because 代 for),3.study
12、 stdi n. 学习，研究; 课题; 书房; 结论;vi. 考虑; 沉思; 默想; 努力;vt. 想出; 详细地检查; 背诵（台词等）; 为费心思;过去分词: studied 复数: studies 过去式: studied 现在分词: studying 第三人称单数: studies短语：in the study 在书房里,联想：desk 书桌 book 书 bedroom 卧室 kitchen 厨房He is doing his homework in his study.,study与learn,learn与study这两个动词的基本用法区别，即learn主要用于学习的初级阶段或带有模
13、仿性的操作技艺等，而study则常用于较高深或周密的研究。Ihadtolearnatradeattheageofseven.我在7岁时就不得不去学做生意。Thisquestionshouldbecarefullystudied.这个问题必须认真研究。,另外，learn虽然也可指学习的过程，但更侧重指学到的成果，因此常译为“学到”“学会”；而study则侧重指学习过程。HestudiedhardandlearnedEnglishverywell.他努力学习，把英语学得很好。,除以上基本用法区别外，两者还有以下习惯表达上的差异：1.下列情况，一般只用learn：(1)用于learnfrom，表示“
14、向.学习”。如：Wemustlearnfromeachother.我们必须互相学习。(2)后接不定式，表示“学会(学习)做某事”。如：Heslearning(how)todriveacar.他在学习开车。Yououghttolearn(how)tobepatient.你必须学会耐心。注：有时可接动名词(主要是指技艺或技术方面的动名词)。如：Shelearnstoswimswimming.她学习游泳,(3)用于某些谚语。如：Liveandlearn.活到老，学到老。Nevertooold(late)tolearn.再老(晚)也能学。Soonlearnt,soonforgotten.学得快，忘得快
15、。,2.下列情况，一般只用study：(1)表示在某校学习。HeisstudyingatBeijingUniversity.他在北京大学学习。(2)用于祈使句或与hard连用。Studyhardandmakeprogresseveryday.好好学习，天天向上。,3.用于某些习语。studylateintothenight学习到深夜studyintotheearlymorninghour学习到凌晨4.其他用法区别除表示“学习”外，learn还表示“听说”“得知”等义；study还表示“打量”“仔细看”等义。此时两者显然不能互换。Imsorrytolearnofaboutyourillness.
16、听说你病了，我很难过。Theystudiedthestrangercuriously.他们好奇地看着这位陌生人。,4.dining room 餐厅，餐室 dan n. 进餐;v. 吃饭，进餐( dine的现在分词 ); 设宴款待，请客;dinedan vi. 吃饭，进餐;vt. 设宴款待，请客;过去分词: dined 过去式: dined 现在分词: dining 第三人称单数: dines,dine on sthto have a particular type of food for dinner 正餐吃；以作正餐dine outto eat dinner in a restaurant
17、or sb elses home 下馆子；外出进餐,5.wild goose waild u:s n. 雁，野鹅; 大雁;goose gu:s n. 鹅; 鹅肉; 雌鹅; 傻瓜;v. 拧或掐屁股; 忽然加满油;催促;过去分词: goosed 复数: geese 过去式: goosed 现在分词: goosing 第三人称单数: gooses联想：swan swn 天鹅,6.changetend vt. 改变，变更; 交换，替换; 兑换; 换衣服（床单）;vi. 改变，转变; 交换，互换; 换衣，更衣;n. 变化，改变; 交换，交替; 零钱，找头; 代替物;过去分词: changed 复数: c
18、hanges 过去式: changed 现在分词: changing 第三人称单数: changes派生词：changeable 可变的，易变的,change handsto pass to a different owner 换主人；易主；转手The house has changed hands several times.这房子已几易其主。change horses in midstreamto change to a different or new activity while you are in the middle of sth else; to change from sup
19、porting one person or thing to another 中流换马；中途变卦；中途支持另外的人（或事）,change your/sbs mindto change a decision or an opinion 改变决定（或看法、主意）Nothing will make me change my mind.什么都不能让我改变主意。change your waysto start to live or behave in a different way from before 开始过另一种生活；换个活法,change stharound/roundto move thing
20、s or people into different positions 改变的位置Youve changed all the furniture around.你改变了所有家具的位置。change back (into sb/sth)to return to a previous situation, form, etc. 恢复原状；还原；复原,change back (into sth)to take off your clothes and put on what you were wearing earlier 换上（原来穿的衣服）She changed back into her w
21、ork clothes.她又换上了工作服。change sth back (into sth)to exchange an amount of money into the currency that it was in before 把（钱）换成（原货币）You can change back unused dollars into pounds at the bank.你可以到银行把没有用掉的美元兑换回英镑。,a change for the better/worsea person, thing, situation, etc. that is better/worse than the
22、 previous or present one 变好（或坏）a change of heartif you have a change of heart , your attitude towards sth changes, usually making you feel more friendly, helpful, etc. 改变态度，改变看法（通常指变得更友好、有益等）,a change of mindan act of changing what you think about a situation, etc. 改变看法；改变主意get no change out of sb(B
23、ritish English,informal) to get no help or information from sb （从某人处）得不到帮助，打听不到消息,7.placeples n. 位; 地方; 职位; 座位;vt. 放置; 获名次; 投资; 评价;vi. 得名次; 名列前茅; 美国英语赛马得第二名; 准确把推到预定地点;复数: places 过去式: placed 现在分词: placing 第三人称单数: places形近词：palace 宫殿，plate 盘子，plane 飞机,与place有关词组,all over the place(British English als
24、o all over the shopUS also all over the lot) (informal) everywhere 到处；各处New restaurants are appearing all over the place.新餐馆如雨后春笋般纷纷出现了。not neat or tidy; not well organized 凌乱；狼藉；杂乱无章Your calculations are all over the place (= completely wrong) .你算得一塌糊涂。,change/swap places (with sb)(usually used in
25、negative sentences 通常用于否定句) to be in sb elses situation （与某人）交换位置，交换处境Im perfectly happyI wouldnt change places with anyone.我幸福极了，谁也甭想跟我交换位置。give place to sb/sth(formal) to be replaced by sb/sth 让位于；被代替=give way toHouses and factories gave place to open fields as the train gathered speed.火车逐渐加速驶过了房屋
26、和工厂进入旷野。,be going placesto be getting more and more successful in your life or career 事业顺利；春风得意a young architect whos really going places一位春风得意的青年建筑师if I was/were in your placeused to introduce a piece of advice you are giving to sb 若是换了我呀；我若在你的位置If I were in your place, Id resign immediately.我要是你呀，
27、我就立即辞职,in the first placeused at the end of a sentence to talk about why sth was done or whether it should have been done or not （用于句尾，谈论某事为何或是否应该做）究竟，到底，当初I still dont understand why you chose that name in the first place.我仍不明白，你究竟为什么取了这么个名字。I should never have taken that job in the first place.我当初
28、就不该接受那份工作,in the first, second, etc. placeused at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the different points you are making in an argument （用于句首）第一、第二等等Well, in the first place he has all the right qualifications.噢，首先，他符合一切条件,in my, your, etc. placein my, your, etc. situation 处于我（或你等）的境况I wouldnt
29、 like to be in your place.我可不想处于你的境地in place( also into place) in the correct position; ready for sth 在正确位置；准备妥当Carefully lay each slab in place.要仔细铺好每一块石板。The receiver had already clicked into place.听筒咔的一声放回原位了。working or ready to work 在工作；准备就绪All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.他
30、们来访的一切都安排就绪了。,in place of sb/sth | in sbs/sths place=instead of sb/sth 代替；顶替You can use milk in place of cream in this recipe.这道食谱可以用牛奶代替奶油。He was unable to come to the ceremony, but he sent his son to accept the award in his place.他不能亲自来参加仪式，但派了他儿子前来代他领奖,out of placenot in the correct place 位置不当Som
31、e of these files seem to be out of place.有些档案似乎没放对地方。not suitable for a particular situation 不得体；不适当Her remarks were out of place.她出言不当。I felt completely out of place among all these successful people.夹在这些事业有成的人中间，我觉得格格不入。,take placeto happen, especially after previously being arranged or planned （尤
32、指根据安排或计划）发生，进行The film festival takes place in October.电影节将于十月举行。We may never discover what took place that night.我们可能永远不会知道那一夜发生了什么事。,take sbs/sths place | take the place of sb/sth=to replace sb/sth 代替；替换She couldnt attend the meeting so her assistant took her place.她不能参加会议，所以她的助手代她出席。Computers hav
33、e taken the place of typewriters in most offices.在大多数办公室，电脑已经取代了打字机。,take your placeto go to the physical position that is necessary for an activity 就位；入座Take your places for dinner.请各位入席。to take or accept the status in society that is correct or that you deserve 得到应有的社会地位；名副其实,8.twicetwas adv. 两次;
34、两倍; 两遍;形近词：twins 双胞胎短语：twice a week 一周两次联想：once 一次They go there twice a month.,9.everyevri det(限定词). 每个; 每; 所有可能的; 充足的;every othereach alternate one (= the first, third, fifth, etc. one, but not the second, fourth, sixth, etc.) 每隔一个They visit us every other week.他们隔周来看我们一次,every形近词：even 甚至，ever曾经，ve
35、ry 非常合成词：everything 每件事短语：every day 每天She knows every studentin the school.,everyday 与every day,everyday是形容词,意思是每天的、日常的,后面必须接被修饰的名词;everyday是副词,意思是每天,表示动作的时间。放在句首或句末，用来修饰整个句子 如:1.Ineverydaylife,youdontveryoftenmeetanelephant. 在日常生活中,人们很少见到大象。 2.Thisisaneverydaymatter.这是一件很平常的事情。 3.Shewasdressedinher
36、everydayclothesattheparty. 在那晚会上,她穿着平常的衣服。 4.Idontseehereveryday.我不是每天见到她。,10.north n: n. 北方; 北部; （美国南北战争时与南方作战的）北部各州; 北方发达国家（尤指欧洲和北美各国）;adj. 北方的; 北部的; 朝北的; （风，光线）来自北方的;adv. 在北方; 自北地; 向北方合成词：northeast 东北，northwest 西北The house faces north.,11.southsa n. 南方; 南部; 美国南方各州; （南半球的）发展中国家;adj. 南的; （风）来自南方的;
37、南风的; 南方吹来的;adv. 向南方，在南方;形近词：mouth嘴派生词：southern 南方的合成词：southeast 东南，southwest 西南The room faces south.,12.enoughnf adv. 足够地，充足地; 十分地;adj. 充足的; 足够的;n. 充分，足够; 满足;int. 够了;形近词：cough 咳嗽 though 虽然He doesnt have enough money.,enough is enough(saying) used when you think that sth should not continue any longe
38、r （认为不应再继续）够了，行了enough saidused to say that you understand a situation and there is no need to say any more 无须再讲；不必多说Hes a politician, remember. Enough said. “记住，他是一个政客。”“不用多说了。”,have had enough (of sth/sb)used when sth/sb is annoying you and you no longer want to do, have or see it or them 对已厌烦透了；再
39、也忍受不住；受够了Ive had enough of driving the kids around.我已厌烦驾车带孩子们到处去。,enough 用法,一、作形容词、作定语时，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。 (1)Arethereenoughseatsfortenpersons? 有没有足够十人的座位？（2）Wehaveenoughfoodforaweek.我们有足够维持一周的食物。、作表语只有当主语是代词数词和“数词+名词”时，enough才可作表语用，如果主语是名词，enough便不能作表语用了,如：(1)Thatsenough.Thankyou.够了，谢谢。(2)Fiveisen
40、ough.五个够了。(3)Will12applesbeenough?十二个苹果够不够？,如果enough之后跟其它修饰语(如不定式或for短语时),前面的主语不受限制。如：（1）Thetimeisenoughtofinishit.(=Thereisenoughtimetofinishit) 有足够的时间完成这一工作。（2）Thefoodisenoughforustwo.(=Thereisenoughfoodforustwo)有足够我们俩吃的食物。,二、 作代词，充当主语、宾语.（1）Enoughhasbeensaidonthissubject 关于这个问题说得已经够多的了。（2）-Doyoun
41、eedsomemorematerials?你们还需要材料？-No,thanks.Enoughhavebeensuppliedforus.不要了，谢谢！我们已经够了。（3）Ihaveenoughtodotoday. 今天我有足够多的事要做。,三、 作副词修饰形容词和副词，且必须放在它们之后，如：（1）Thisroomislargeenoughforustosleepin.这个房间足够大，我们可以睡.(不可说enoughlarge) (2)Heknowsthesituationwellenough.对他情况了解得非常清楚。（不可说enoughwell”）,四、 当enough和另一形容词同时修饰一
42、个名词时，有两种不同的位置。、enough放在形容词之后，此时，enough修饰形容词时，结构为“adj.+enough+名词”,表示“足够的”,如： （1）alargeenoughroom一间足够大的房间(2)adeepenoughwell一口足够深的井(3)Idonthavebigenoughnailstomendthecupboard.我没有足够大的钉子修理柜子。、enough放在形容词之前，此时，enough修饰名词，结构为“enough+adj.+名词”，表示“足够多的”，如：(1) enoughlargeroom足够大的房间(2) enoughdeepwell足够深的井(3)Ido
43、nthaveenoughbignailstomendthecupboard.我没有足够大的钉子修理柜子。,五、 与介词of构成短语enoughof，使用时，须遵守如下规律：1、enoughof+既定词+名词（其中既定词为冠词，物主代词或指示代词）2、enoughof+代词（1）Isthereenoughofthebluematerial?=Isthereenoughbluematerial? 有足够的蓝色料子吗？（2）Ivehadenoughofyourcomplaints.=Ivehadenoughcomplaintsfromyou你的抱怨我已经听够了。,六、 enough之后跟介词短语”f
44、orsb”和不定式“forsbtodosth”,（1）Hewasluckyenoughtosucceedinhisfirstattempt.他够幸运的了，第一次尝试就成功了。（2）Hespokeslowlyenoughforeveryonetounderstand.他说话慢得每个人都能听懂。（3）Thereisntenoughicecreamforallthechildren.冰淇淋不够分给所有的小孩。,七、 enough不能与no构成否定句，只能借助not以及其他否定词，如:(1)Wehavenotenoughglassesforeveryone.不能说成noenoughglasses.我们
45、的杯子不够分给每个人。（2）Wehadhardlyenoughfoodtogoaroundatthepicnic.不能说成noenoughfood.我们的食物刚够分给参加野餐的人。,13.thenen adv. 那时; 然后; 那么; 话说回来;adj. 当时的; 那时的;形近词：than，them，they，thin，when，henFirst take out a piece of paper,then write down what I have said.,14.all day:l dei adv. 整天; 一天到晚;联想：day 白天，night 夜晚I am free all da
46、y.,关于day的词组,all in a days work 日常生活的一部分.any day 随便哪一天(不论怎样).at the end of the day 最终call it a day 收工day after day 日复一日地day and night 日日夜夜day by day 一天天地day in, day out 天天, 一天又一天.from day to day 一天天地in this day and age 当今make a day of it 把整天的时间用于某事上.,make sbs day 使某人快活of the day 当代的one day (过去或将来)某一天.one of those days 倒霉的一天some day (将来)总有一天.the business of the day 议事日程these days 现在to the day 恰好to this day 至今,询问对方喜欢某物原因的句型：Why do you like.?-Why do you like it?-Because its so big.句型结构：问句：Why do you like+某物？ 答句：Because+原因此句用于询问对方喜欢某物的原因why意为“为什么”，用于询问原因“Because.”通常用来回答why引导的特殊疑问句，意为“因为.”,
