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牛津初中英语8b-unit-1-博文培训.pptx

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1、8B Unit one,2011年2月26日博文培训中心,till,【经典例句】 Wait till I return! 等到我回来!【考点聚焦】 till/until既是介词,又是连词,两者在一般情况下可以互换,但是在下面两种情况下只能用until而不能用till。1)用于句首时只能用until,不能用till。2)在以not开头的短语或从句里只能用until,而不能用till。not.until 直到才.I havent finished my homework till yesterday evening.,change,the changes to Sunshine Town阳光镇的变

2、化the changes to 的变化 知识链接change n.变化,常用复数changes。 e.g. Great changes have taken place since 1995.,词组(过去,现在,将来),in the past在过去at present现在in the future未来;将来,注意这些短语中的介词和冠词。,marry,例题:They_ for ten years.A. have marriedB. have been marriedC. have got married D. married答案:B【考点聚焦】 marry不能和介词with连用,与某人结婚用 m

3、arry sb.或get/be married to sb.,turn,以turn为核心的重要词组turn on/off 开/关;turn up/down放大/关小音量turn over 翻动;耕翻(土地);翻到;翻身;翻(书页)turn to sb./sth.翻到;转向;求助于;求救于turninto把变成Heat turns water into vapor.热使水变成蒸气。Turn this sentence into English.,waste,【考点聚焦】 1)waste作动词时,常用于waste+money/time+(in)doing sth。,意思是“浪费钱/时间做某事”。如

4、:不要每天都浪费时间打电脑游戏。Dont waste your time playing computer games every day. 2)waste作名词时,常用于词组a waste of。如:a waste of time浪费时间;浪费金钱。a waste of money,例题,The cars give off a great deal of waste gas in the streets.Yes.But Im sure something will be done to_air pollution.A.reduceB.removeC.collectD.warn答案:A,red

5、uce,固定搭配:(与to连用)减少至如:The plague(瘟疫) reduced the population to half its previous level.(先前标准)瘟疫使得人口降低到先前的一半。(与by连用)减少了The plague reduced the population by 10 thousand.瘟疫使人口数量降低了1万。,lonely,辨析lonely和alone:lonely指只有一个人而感到寂寞、孤独,带有感情色彩。还可指偏僻,荒凉。alone指没有别人,强调独自一人,不带感情色彩。He lives alone,but he doesnt feel lo

6、nely.他独自居住,但他并不感到寂寞。【活学活用】 6.完成句子Im_(孤独的),because I have no friends.答案:lonely,just,【考点聚焦】 1)just在句中用在be动词后面,行为动词前面;另外,多用于现在完成时。2)常用词组:just now 刚才;just then 在那时例句: 我刚刚完成我的作业。I have just finished my homework.,Own,【考点聚焦】 1)派生词:owner n.所有人;物主 2) own作形容词或代词时,意为“属于自己的”,常用在所有格后面,用来加强语气。 如:那是我(自己)的书。That is

7、 my own book. 3) own作动词时,意为“拥有”,强调主语是物品的主人。这辆自行车是谁的?Who owns the bike?on ones own意为“独自,独立,靠自己”,advantage,名词 优势 ;长处反义词:disadvantage“不利之处;劣势”,其用法与advantage基本一样。掌握advantage相关的习语和搭配:have an advantage in. 在某方面比较有优势take (no / little / much / full) advantage of利用,describe,1)派生词:description (n.描写;形容)2)常用搭配:

8、describe as把说成give a description of 描述一下He describes himself as a doctor.他自称是医生。Can you give a description of your visit to Shanghai?你能描述一下你的上海之旅吗?,A bit 一点,【考点聚焦】 辨析a bit和a little:两者意思均为“一点儿”,常用来修饰形容词、副词及其比较级,这时二者可互换。a little能直接修饰不可数名词;a bit 不能直接修饰不可数名词,若修饰名词其后要加上介词of,即a bit of +n.= a little +n.。no

9、t a littlevery非常,not a bitnotat all一点也不 Im a bit tired.我有点儿累。,例题,用所给词的适当形式填空1)I am used to_(get) up early.2) She used to_ (play) football.3) Wood is used to_ (keep) warm.答案:1)getting2)play3)keep,use,作为动词,是“使用”的意思;过去式和过去分词分别是:used;used我能用你的电脑吗?Can I use your computer?必须记住的used 的词组:(这时与use无联系。)used to

10、 do sth.过去常做某事 (现在不做了)be used to do 被用来做.be used to doing sth.习惯做某事,used to do sth 否定式used not to do sth或didnt use to do sth疑问式Did sb use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth? There be和used to合用的形式为There used to be。根据要求进行句型转换:She used to teach history. 否定式:She used teach history.或She didnt teach history. 疑问

11、式: she teach history?或Did she teach history?,例子,be used to do sthbe used for doing sth被用于做某事,e.g. Stamps are used to send letters.Stamps are used for sending letters. be/become/get used to sth习惯于某事,be/become/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事,e.g. My grandma used to live in the city but now she has got use

12、d to the country life. Tom is used to getting up early.,Take 词组,take off 起飞take away 拿走take back收回take down 拿下,记下take it easy 别紧张,放松take the place of 代替take place 发生,in some ways在某种程度上;在某些方面in this way以这种方式from time to time有时;不时地at times有时;不时地Sometimes有时;不时地throw away扔掉move into搬进move out of搬出a tour

13、ist attraction旅游胜地in the 20th century在20世纪over the yearsin the last/past years这些年来(这是现在完成时的一个标志)as often as before像以前一样经常,现在完成时态解题技巧,现在完成时是较难掌握、是中考考查较多的时态,是初中英语学习的重点和难点,根据各地历年中考试题对于现在完成时态的考查,只要掌握以下解题技巧,就能轻松搞定现在完成时态题。,1)寻找现在完成时中的“段时间”。现在完成时态表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态,多和表示一段时间的状语连用,其标志通常是“for+一段时间”或“since+点

14、时间”I have been a teacher for ten years old.我当老师有10年了。Have you worked in the city since three years ago?你自从三年前就在这个城市工作吗?注意:since作连词后接句子时,该从句要用一般过去时,其主句仍用现在完成时态。,2)寻找现在完成时的状语标志。在做时态题时,句子中现在完成时的状语标志是我们选用现在完成时态的首选条件。常见的状语标志有yet,already,never,lately,recently,ever,just,before,twice(表示次数的词)等。如:They havent

15、finished their work yet.他们还没有完成工作。We have never seen a more interesting film.我们从来没有看过比这更有趣的电影。,巧记现在完成时,have(has)在前面,过去分词在后边,以前(before)从来不(never) 出现,最近(recently) 曾经(ever) 一(once) 两遍(twice),自从(since) 刚刚(just) for一段,今天(today) 已经(already/yet) 很明显。,根据要求完成下列句子,每空一词。,1)他的祖父死了三年了。His grandfather_ _ _for thr

16、ee years.2)李明去哪儿了?他去北京了。Where is Li Ming?He_ _ _Beijing.3)这套房子你买了多久了?How long_you_the house?4)你迟到了!电影已经开始20分钟了。You are late! The movie_ _ _for twenty minutes.5)我以前从未见过胡先生。I_ _ _Mr.Hu before.答案:1)has been dead2)has gone to3)have,had4)has been on5)have never seen,例题,She has been to Shanghai before,_?A

17、.is she B.isnt sheC.has she D.hasnt she本题考查的是现在完成时的反意疑问句,前面是肯定形式,后面用否定形式,所以D项是正确答案。句子的意思是“她以前去过上海,是不是?”答案:D,Lily,keep the window_.The sandstorm hasnt stopped,yet.OK.Ill do that.A. closeB. closedC. openD. opened思路解析:根据后半句话的意思“暴风雪还没有停”,所以前面应该表示“保持窗户关闭状态”,故应用形容词作宾语补足语表状态。答案:B,I have learned_about that.

18、A. a lotB. a lot ofC. lots ofD. a lots of思路解析:四个选项中只有a lot有副词词性,可以修饰动词learn。答案:A,1.(2006贵州贵阳中考) You have never been to Beijing, _you?A.doB.haveC.dontD.havent答案:B因为前面有否定词never,所以反意疑问句要用肯定形式,所以排除C和D两项,又因为是现在完成时,所以排除A项。2.(2006贵州贵阳中考) The old man_for three years.A.diedB.has been deadC.has been deathD.ha

19、s died答案:B有for 所以排除A项,又因为die不可以和表示一段时间的for连用,所以不可以选择D项。C项是错误的表述。,3.(2005河北中考) It _ ten years since we last_in Beijing.A.was;metB.has been;metC.was;meetD.is;meet 答案:Bsince后的从句应用一般过去时,主句中用现在完成时。主句表示时间时,也可以用it is的形式。4.(2005河南中考)How long has the weather been like this?_.A.Until last nightB.Ever since la

20、st nightC.Two days agoD.Two days later答案:B问句中用的现在完成时态,在答语中只有Ever since last night可以用于现在完成时态.,5.Where is Dad,Mum?He_to the factory.A.has beenB.wentC.goesD.has gone 答案:D由问句可知Dad没在家,由此推出“他去了工厂”。6.Shall we stop and have_tea now?Great.A.anyB.someC.littleD.a bit 答案:Bsome 用于疑问句中表示 “建议, 请求”等语气, 并期待肯定回答。,7.T

21、he great scientist_his wife for 14 years.A.marriesB.has married withC.has marriedD.has been married to答案:Dmarry 是非延续性动词,不能与表示时间长度的状语连用。be married to sb.表示状态,可与表示时间长度的状语连用。8.Today is my fortunate day.Its always not easy for a single person,because every day we have many things to deal with处理.(同义词替换)A

22、.sadB.happyC.favouriteD.lucky答案:D句子的意思是“今天是我的幸运日。对一个人来说很不容易,因为每一天都有很多事情要处理”。,9.My old grandpa is_,but he doesnt feel_.A alone;lonelyB alone;aloneC lonely;aloneD lonely;lonely答案:Aalone 单独的,独自一人的;lonely孤独的,孤单的。句意是“我爷爷一个人生活,但他不感到孤独”。10.He hates traveling.He likes to stay in a place_.A.safeB.safetyC.saf

23、elyD.save答案:Cstay 是实义动词,用副词修饰。,8B Unit 1 重点词组句型翻译,an hour ago 一小时前not play with you any more 不再和你一起玩at different times 在不同的时代in fact/actually 实际上get married/been married for 结婚/已经结婚move to another flat 搬到另外一所公寓move out of the city 搬出这所城市change a lot 改变很多turn into a park 变成公园in the past 在过去,8B Unit 1

24、 重点词组句型翻译,Have you seen my food? 你见了我的食物了吗?Ive known the place for many years. 我了解这个地方已经许多年了。We lived together until 1960 when I got married. 我们住在一起直到1960年我结婚。Has the place changed a lot? 这个地方改变许多了吗?Its nice to have open space and pretty gardens. 拥有这样露天空间和美丽花园真好。It arrived and came down to the groun

25、d. 飞机到达且下落到地面。He got married in 1991. 他在1991年结婚了。They cant meet their friends as often as possible. 他们不能经常见到他们的好友。Its bad to see more and more people dislike the old city park. 发现越来越多的人不喜欢这个古城公园真不好。Mr Dong has known the place for a long time. 董先生已经认识这个地方好久了。,8B Unit 1 重点词组句型翻译,miss my friends 想念我的朋友

26、play cards and Chinese chess 打牌,下中国象棋take off 起飞/脱掉noise pollution 噪音污染land safely 安全着陆in some ways 在某些方面feel a bit lonely 感觉有点孤单from time to time/at times 不时/有时know the city very well 对这所城市非常了解be pleased with 对很满意,8B Unit 1 重点词组句型翻译,Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. Eddie已经与Millie住在一起四年了。

27、Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. Eddie自从一出生就和Millie住在一起了。Mr and Mrs Li havent come back yet. 李先生和李太太还没有回来。Have you seen any films recently? 最近你看了电影吗?Have you visited Hong Kong before? 你以前参观过香港吗?But I have heard about Hong Kongs new airport. 但我以前从来没有听说过香港的飞机场。It was one year after Hong

28、Kongs return to China. 香港回归祖国一年了。I have never read this story. 我从来就没有读过这本故事书。I have not heard from her yet. 我还没有收到她的信。Have you known Sandy for a long time? 你认识Sandy好久了吗?,8B Unit 1 重点词组句型翻译,have an interview with sb. 对某人进行采访/访问be over 70 years old 70多岁look very unhealthy 看上去非常不健康as often as before 与以

29、前一样经常feel happy about something 对感到开心since he was born 自从他出生后since last Friday 自从上周五learn a lot about Hong Kongs past and present 对香港的过去和现在了解很多in service 在服务中used to be the home of many wild animals 曾经是许多野生动物的家园,8B Unit 1 重点词组句型翻译,Im glad to hear that you are going on holiday soon. 我很高兴听说你马上要度假了。It

30、has been in use since 1998. 自从1998年就开始使用了。I hope you wont be too surprised by all the tall buildings around you when you arrive. 当你到达的时候,我希望你不要因你周围的高楼大厦而震惊。Things have changed a lot over the years. 在过去的几年里发生了好多变化。I wish you a happy holiday! 我祝你假日愉快!Ive come to school by bus on my own. 我已自己坐公共汽车来校了。D

31、o you sometimes stay after school to chat with friend? 你放学后有时停下与朋友门聊天吗?It no longer provides a good environment for wildlife. 它不再为野生动物提供良好的环境。Let me show you how to get to the train station. 让我指给你怎样到达火车站。,( )1. They_ in Beijing when they_ married. A. live, get B. lived, have got C. lived, got D. hav

32、e lived, got( )2. Now, this small village_ a big modern city. A. is turning into B. turns into C. has turned into D. turned into( )3. After resting for a long time, Mr Green looks_ than before he left the hospital. A. unhealthier B. healthier C. more healthily D. health( )4. The doctor looked him ov

33、er and said there was_ with her. A. nothing wrong much B. much wrong nothing C. much nothing wrong D. nothing much wrong( )5. Sorry, I havent finished the work_. A. already B. before C. yet D. everCCBDC,( )6. My son_ up yet because he _ to bed very late last night. A. hasnt got, has gone B. didnt ge

34、t, went C. doesnt get, went D. hasnt got, went( )7. Look at that new model plane. It must_ a lot of money. A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take( )8. Thanks to the cleaners, the environment_ in our city recently. A. improved B. improves C. has improved D. had improved( )9. Since he started high school, he

35、s come to school by bike_. A. on his own B. by his own C. in his own D. with his own( )10. Youre_ late, the meeting has been over. A. terribly B. nearly C. terrible D. nearDACAA,( )11. The fans are very sorry to hear that famous actor_ for half an hour. A. has left B. has been away C. has gone D. ha

36、s gone away( )12. I have bought a Chinese English dictionary? When and where_ you _ it? A. have, bought B. did buy C. will, buy D. do , buy( )13. What a nice T-shirt! How much did you_ for it? It_ me twenty yuan. A. pay, cost B. pay, paid C. cost, pay D. cost, cost( )14. Where is Jack ?Sorry, I dont

37、 know. Go and ask his brother. He _ know. A. can B. may C. must D. need( )15. When you do eye exercises, you must keep your eyes_. A. close B. closed C. open D. closingBBABB,( )16. Dont worry, these toys are_ than those. A. safer B. more safely C. safe D. more safety( )17. I cant buy this coat, beca

38、use it is_ expensive. A. much B. a few C. few D. a bit( )18. This is the most interesting story I have_ heard. A. never B. ever C. once D. always( )19. Every morning, he listens to English news_ the radio. A. from B. over C. in D. to( )20. Did Tom study at No. 8 Middle School three years _? A. befor

39、e B. after C. ago D. thenADBBC,( )21. Since the students_ here, lets have the meeting. A. all are B. all C. are all D. all not( )22. What did the teacher_ Mary to_ at the meeting yesterday? A. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell, speak D. told, say( )23. Dont_ the cat, lets_ some computer games. A. play

40、, play with B. play, play C. play with, play with D. play with, play( )24. The twin sisters_ under the tree, chatting happily. A. lied B. are lying C. lying D. lain( )25. The film_ for 5 minutes. A. has begun B. has on C. has been on D. beganCADBC,现在完成时,现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动

41、作或状态。其构成: have (has) +过去分词。规则变化的过去分词与过去式的变化一样,在动词词尾加ed; 不规则变化的过去分词见不规则动词表,需要同学记忆。,现以see the film为例将现在完成时的肯定句, 否定句和疑问句列表如下:肯定句:I/You/We/They have seen the film. He/She /It has seen the film.否定句:I/You/We/They have not/ havent seen the film. He/ She/It has not/hasnt seen the film.疑问句:Have I/you/they se

42、en the film? Yes, you/ we/I/they have. No, you/ we/I/they havent. Has he/she/it seen the film? Yes, he/ she/ it has. No, he/ she/ it hasnt.,用法:现在完成时既涉及过去,又联系现在。用法一:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与just(刚刚),already(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然),once(一次),twice(两次),many times(很多次),how many times(多少次),so far(迄今为止),during the past(last)three years(最近三年来)等连用。,

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