1、Unit 3,Language in use,前缀和后缀构词法1前缀构词法(1)否定前缀un-表示“不,无”。如:unhappy 不高兴的, unusually不同寻常地, uncover 揭开。in(m)-表示“无,不”。如:incorrect 不正确的,impolite无礼的。dis-表示“不,无”。如:disagree 不同意, dishonest不诚实的, disappear 消失。,(2)其他常见的前缀,re-表示“再”。如:rewrite 重写, reuse 再利用, recycle,再循环。,anti-表示“反对,防止”。如:anti-pollution 防止污染,,anti-w
2、ar 反战。,2后缀构词法(1)名词后缀,-er/-or 表示“人”。如:traveler 旅行者, director 导演。-age 表示“状态,行为,身份,结果”。如:courage 鼓,励, marriage 婚姻。,-ance/-ence 表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程,度”。如:importance 重要性, difference 区别。,-ing 表示“动作的过程,结果”。如:building 建筑,,writing 作品。,-ion/-sion/-tion/-ation/-ition 表示“行为的过程,结果,状,况”。如:action 动作, solution 解决。,-
3、ment 表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果”。如:,movement 运动, punishment 惩罚。,(2)形容词后缀,-able 表示“可能,易于,适合于”。如:movable 可移,动的, enjoyable 愉快的。,-ful 表示“充满的,具有性质的”。如:careful,小心的, helpful 有帮助的。,-less(与-ful 相反)表示“少的,不足的”。如:useless 无,用的, helpless 无助的。,(3)动词后缀,-ize/-ise 表示“做成,变成,化”。如:modernize,现代化, mechanize 机械化。,-en 表示“使成为,引起,使有”
4、。如:quicken 加快,,weaken 削弱。,-fy 表示“使化,使成”。如:beautify 美化,simplify,简化。,【同步互动】按照要求写出下列单词。,waste (形容词形式) _helpful (反义词) _deep (动词形式) _possible (反义词) _communicate (名词形式) _,wasteful,helpless,deepen,impossible,communication,like (反义词) _different (名词形式) _careful (动词形式) _reuse (形容词形式) _comfortable (反义词) _,disl
5、ike,difference,care,reusable,uncomfortable,倡议保护环境,闪亮词汇,waste 浪费;energy 能量;wasteful 浪费的;pollute 污染(动词) ; pollution 污 染( 名 词) ;recycle 循 环, 再生 ,再 利用 ;environment 环境;environmental 环境的;reduce 减少,减小;reuse 重新利用;do harm to 对造成伤害;throw away 扔掉;stop/prevent/keep. from doing sth. 阻止做某事;care about关心,在乎;turn of
6、f关掉;save electricity节约用电;plastic bags塑料袋;ride a bike 骑车;drive a car 开车,精彩句式,1 We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste,every day and it does harm to our environment.Though we areyoung, we can still do something to help.In fact, even the simplesteveryday activities can make a real diff
7、erence to the environment.我们都需要一个有益健康的环境,但是我们每天都会制造垃圾,而这些对我们的环境有危害。尽管我们年轻,但我们仍能做一些有用的事情。其实,即使是最简单的日常小事也能对环境产生很大影响。,2The environment is becoming worse and worse, so we mustdo something to prevent people from polluting the environment.环境正变得越来越糟,所以我们必须做一些事情来阻止人们污染环境。,3Its our duty to protect our enviro
8、nment.保护环境是我们的,职责。,4We should stop the factories from polluting the river.Andwe should stop them from polluting the air as well. 我们应该阻止工厂污染河流。我们也应该阻止他们污染空气。,5Its wasteful to throw away.扔掉是很浪费的。6Dont throw.away because its better to recycle them.不要,把扔掉,因为最好是回收利用他们。,7Do turn out lights so that you use
9、 less energy.把灯调暗些,,以便节能。,8Try to use recycled.because it saves energy.尽量使用再生,的因为它可以节能。,9 Im hopeful that if everyone thinks about pollution and,recycling, we can protect the air and the oceans, and help save our,world.If we dont, the future is hopeless.我希望着,如果每个人都思考污染和回收利用的问题,我们就能保护空气和海洋,帮助拯救我们的地球。
10、如果我们不能做到,将来是没有希望的。10I believe our life will become better and better if we cando these things.Lets take actions.我相信如果我们做到这些,我们的生活将会变得越来越好。让我们采取行动吧。,保护环境是每一个人的职责。请你以“Lower Carbon (低,碳), Happier Life”为题写一篇英语短文。,内容包括:,1自己走路或骑自行车上学,号召父母骑车上班;2节约用水、用电;,3将用过的课本留给低年级学生(next grade students);4购物时带上篮子,别用塑料袋。,作
11、文要求:,1语句连贯,词数 80 个左右;,2短文的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。,Lower Carbon, Happier Life,The environment is becoming worse and worse, so we mustdo something to prevent people from polluting the environment._ _ _I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things.,参考范文:,Lower Carbon, Happier Lif
12、e,The environment is becoming worse and worse , so we must do something to prevent people from polluting the environ-ment.Firstly, we can ride to school or go to school on foot and tellour parents to walk to work instead of driving the car.Secondly, weshould save water and electricity by turning off
13、 the taps and lightswhen we dont need them.Thirdly, give the old books to the nextgrade students if we dont use them any more.By doing this, we cansave many trees.At last, remember to go shopping with basketrather than plastic bags.,I believe our life will become better and better if we can do,these things.,