1、课时作业(三十四) 选修 Unit 4 Sharing.阅读理解A2019南宁市摸底 联考I left England for Sydney in September. It was a career move for my husband, and our 20yearold daughter was feeling adventurous and decided to come, too. However, just before leaving England, my 79yearold mother suffered a stroke (中风). Being strong and in
2、dependent, she continues to live at home with the help of social services. But she couldnt look after the garden. I thought how wonderful it would be if there was an organization offering volunteer help. Friends asked me what I planned to do in Australia, and I told them I would be looking for a vol
3、unteer position with a gardening charitable organization. Imagine my surprise when I found just the organization I had been looking for Easy Care Gardening (ECG)!There are several reasons why I volunteer for ECG. Firstly, as a newcomer to Australia I meet many great people who, like me, volunteer so
4、me of their time. We cover a large age range, but all love gardens and helping others.Secondly, through working with ECG I have been lucky enough to explore Sydneys North Shore that I might not have had the opportunity to visit otherwise.Finally, there are all those wonderful people who we call “cli
5、ents(客户) ”， but are more like friends when we visit them often and tend their gardens. What great people I have met, and stories they have to tell the family histories, where they come from and the reasons for immigrating to Australia. I find it a privilege to have access to private gardens which, i
6、n many cases, have been the joy of their owners for many years. Each one is individual and reflects the character, needs and the history of each family. Indeed, the gardens reflect the multicultural and historical background of Sydney.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者移居悉尼后加入了 Easy Care Cardening 组织，成了一名园艺 志愿者的故
7、事，以及作者加入这个组织的原因。1Why did the author move to Sydney?AShe planned to volunteer there.B Her husband would work there.C She was very keen on adventures.DShe had to look after her sick mother.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It was a career move for my husband”可知，作者移居悉尼是因为她丈夫的工作变动，故 选 B 项。2What made the author cho
8、ose to be a gardening volunteer?AHer own experience.B The tips of her friends.C The popularity of ECG.DHer gardening skills.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“However, just before leaving England, my 79yearold mother suffered a stroke (中风) But she couldnt look after the garden. I thought how wonderful it would
9、be if there was an organization offering volunteer help”可知，作者的母亲因为中风无法照料花园，因此作者希望有一个能提供园艺志愿服务的组织。所以作者选择成为一名园艺志愿者是因为她自己的经历，故选 A 项。3What do the volunteers at ECG have in common?AThey make friends with their clients.B They like to explore Sydneys North Shore.C They are of similar age and background.DTh
10、ey are kindhearted with the same interest.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“We cover a large age range, but all love gardens and helping others”可知，ECG 的志愿者虽然年龄跨度很大，但是都热爱花园和帮助他人。D 项“他们都很热心肠，有着同样的爱好”符合文意，故选 D 项。4What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AClient. BReason.C Garden. DJoy.答案与解析：C 考
11、查代词指代。根据画线词所在句的前一句“I find it a privilege to have access to private gardens which, in many cases, have been the joy of their owners for many years”可知，作者觉得能够进入私人花园是一种特权，在许多情况下，私人花园都是花园主人的乐趣所在。根据语境和画线词所在句的前后句子中的“gardens”可知， “one”指的就是“garden” ，故选 C 项。B2019石家庄二模 Though the harmful effects of plastic on w
12、ildlife and human health are welldocumented, this material is hard to avoid. Nearly everything we touch, from grocery bags to drink bottles, to food packaging, contains plastic. Now, Amsterdams Ekoplaza supermarket is making it a little easier for consumers to reduce consumption of singleuse plastic
13、 bags and containers, which are blocking our landfills at alarming rates, with a special plasticfree aisle (通道). Believed to be the worlds first, the aisle has 700 products on sale including rice, beans, yogurt, chocolate milk, cereal, snacks and meat.While items still require packaging, everything
14、is housed inside reusable or recyclable containers made of glass, metal or cardboard. The unique idea was given to the grocerychain officials by UKbased environmental group A Plastic Planet, which takes the lead to advocate for at least one plasticfree aisle in supermarkets around the globe. The non
15、profit has even created a signature “plasticfree” mark to help consumers identify ecofriendly packaging. “This is a consumerled campaign， ” said a group cofounder Sian Sutherland. “Were a grassroots organization. So obviously were working with industry and the government, but most importantly, we re
16、present the public.”Ekoplaza, which plans to roll out the plasticfree aisles across its 74 stores by the end of the year, is not the only company trying to reduce plastic waste. In Berlin, the Original Unverpackt grocery store has been trying to change customer habits since 2014 by selling everythin
17、g, from grain to produce and even soaps without plastic packaging. The supermarket, which requires customers to bring their own reusable containers, even sells chewable toothpaste that needs no tubes.Though it is encouraging to see companies trying to make a difference, for real change to happen, co
18、nsumers have to avoid products encased in plastics, even if it means giving up their favorite food or drink. As Sutherland put it, “Plastic food and drink packaging remains useful and yet a destructive presence on the earth for centuries afterwards.”体裁：说明文 题材：环保 主题：减少塑料废物【语篇解读】 该文主要介绍了超市在减少塑料包装上的努力。
19、【难句分析】 Though it is encouraging to see companies trying to make a difference, for real change to happen, consumers have to avoid products encased in plastics, even if it means giving up their favorite food or drink.分析：本句是一个复合句。Though 和 even if 都引导让步状语从句。译文：尽管看到公司尽力在发挥作用令人鼓舞，但为了产生真正的变化，消 费者不得不避免使用塑料包
20、装的产品，即使这意味着要放弃他们所喜爱的食物或者饮料。5What does Ekoplaza want to do by setting up a plasticfree aisle?ACut down managing cost.B Reduce plasticpackaging.C Make shopping much easier.DIncrease the amount of sales.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段第三句“Now, Amsterdams Ekoplaza supermarket is making it a little easier for consum
21、ers to reduce consumption of singleuse plastic bags and containers, which are blocking our landfills at alarming rates, with a special plasticfree aisle (通道)”可知，Ekoplaza 设立无塑料通道是为了减少塑料包装，故选 B。6Which of the following can make a real difference?AConsumers. BSupermarkets.C Organizations. DCompanies.答案与
22、解析：A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“Though it is encouraging to see companies trying to make a difference, for real change to happen, consumers have to avoid products encased in plastics, even if it means giving up their favorite food or drink”可推知，尽管公司正在尽力发挥作用，但是只有作为塑料包装消费主体的消费者行动起来才会减少塑料垃圾，故选 A。7What does Suther
23、land think of plastic packaging in the future ?AIt will be of no use to consumers.B It will exist for a long time.C It will disappear in this century.DIt will replace other containers.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后一句中的“Plastic food and drink packaging remains useful and yet a destructive presence on the ea
24、rth for centuries afterwards”可知，塑料包装还会存在很长一段时间，故选 B。8What might be the title of the passage?APlastics Are Harmful to the EnvironmentB Nonprofits Can Help the SupermarketsC Consumers Should Change Shopping HabitsDSupermarkets Take Action for a Cleaner Planet答案与解析：D 考查标题判断。根据第一段的导入和最后一段的总结可知，本文主要介绍超市在
25、减少塑料包装上的努力，故选 D。.七选五2019济南市 针对性练习Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful. According to the wellknown saying, talking to yourself is the first sign of madness._1_. Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads, is a valuable tool for thoughts. Far from being a sign of madness
26、, selftalk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities, and even regulate our emotions._2_. You are very likely to hear him/her talking to himself/herself: offering himself/herself directions and giving voice to his/her frustrations. Psychologists refer to this as private speech
27、 that is spoken but directed at the self. We do a lot of it when we are young.As children, according to the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to regulate our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. _3_， we dont abandon this system w
28、e internalize (使内在化 ) it. Psychological experiments have shown that this socalled inner speech can improve our performance on tasks ranging from judging what other people are thinking to sorting images into categories. _4_. One recent study suggested that selftalk is most effective when we address o
29、urselves as “you” rather than “I”We internalize the private speech we used as children but we never entirely put away the loud version. _5_， turn on the sports channel. Youre bound to see an athlete or two gearing themselves up with a tart phrase or scolding themselves after a bad shot.AAs we grow o
30、lderB If you want the proofC Go with your friends to a debateDBut theres no need for embarrassmentEAlthough we may think it seems silly to talk to ourselves secretlyFThe effect of our words can give us a valuable perspective on our actionsGTake a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing
31、 with his/her toys体裁：说明文 题材：心理研究 主题：自言自语大有裨益【语篇解读】我们容易把自言自语认为是疯癫的表现，然而心理学研究表明，自言自语不但不是疯癫的信号，还大有裨益。1答案与解析：D 根据第一段第二句和本段介绍自言自语的好处可知，本段首句为表示转折的过渡句，故 D 项符合语境。2答案与解析：G 空格后讲的是很容易听到小孩子自己跟自己说话，所以 G 项“去任何一家幼儿园看一个小孩子玩他 /她的玩具”符合语境。3答案与解析：A 空格前介绍的是孩提时代自言自语的情况，后面应该是这种情况在长大后的改变，故 A 项符合语境。4答案与解析：F 上文讲的是心理学实验证实了自言自
32、语的正面作用，故此处是继续叙述其积极影响，与本段最后一句中的研究有顺承关系，故 F 项符合 语境。5答案与解析：B 空处下文讲的是在体育频道可以看到一些运动员的表现，这些都是证据。B 项“如果你想要证据的话”符合语境。.短文改错2019惠州市第一次 调研With only one year to go before graduation, our class decided to plant tree not only to improve the surroundings of the school, but also to make a memory of our school life.
33、After purchase seedlings, we chose a place that the seedlings could get proper water and sunshine. We didnt realize how hardly it was until we began our work. None of us were familiar to planting, and nor did we knew how to use gardening tools. After many attempts, we dug holes and put seedlings int
34、o it. Then we grabbed soil fill up the holes. It was not so easy as imagined, and we successfully finished the task at the last.答案：With only one year to go before graduation, our class decided to plant not only to improve the surroundings of the school, but also tree treesto make a memory of our sch
35、ool life.After seedlings, we chose a place the purchase purchasing that whereseedlings could get proper water and sunshine. We didnt realize how it was until we began our work. None of us were familiar hardly hard to withplanting, and nor did we how to use gardening tools. After many knew knowattemp
36、ts, we dug holes and put seedlings into . Then we grabbed it themsoil fill up the holes. It was not so easy as imagined, we to and butsuccessfully finished the task at last.tree 改为 trees。考 查 名词单复数。句意：由于只有一年就要 毕业， 为了改善学校的环境，也为了纪念我们的学校生活，我们班决定种树。根据句意可知，此 处泛指“树” ，故 应 用名词复数。purchase 改为 purchasing。考 查非谓语
37、动词。介词 after 后应跟动词ing 形式作宾语。that 改为 where。考 查 关系词。句意：购买完幼苗之后，我 们选择了一个使幼苗能得到适当的水和阳光的地方。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为表示地点的名词“place” ，且从句中缺少地点状语，所以用 where 引导该定 语从句。hardly 改为 hard。考查形容词。句意：直到我们开始工作，我们才意识到这有多么困难。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处用形容词 hard 作表语，而 hardly 意为“几乎不” ，在此处不符合语境。to 改为 with。考 查介词。句意：我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工
38、具。此处 be familiar with. 意 为“熟悉”为固定用法。knew 改为 know。考查动词时态。句意参见上题。nor 放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，所以助动词 did 在前，此 处用动词原形。it 改为 them。考查代词。句意：经过许多尝试，我们挖了坑，然后把幼苗放进坑里。根据句意可知，此处应用 them 指代前面提到的复数名词 holes。在 soil 后加 to。考 查 非谓语动词。句意：然后我 们抓起泥土把坑填满。根据句意可知，此处用动词不定式表目的。and 改为 but。考查连词。句意：这并不像想象的那么容易，但是我们最终成功地完成了任务。根据句意可知，此处前后为转折关系，故用连词 but，表示转折。删除 the。考查固定短语。at last 意为“最 终” ，为固定短语。
