1、- 1 -陕西省咸阳市 2014高考英语阅读理解（10）及答案【江西省九江市】DHow often do you sit still and do absolutely nothing The usual answer these days is “ never“, or “hardly ever“As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxationOnce you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go
2、from morning till night, it is hard to slow downBut relaxation i s essential for a healthy mind and bodyStress is a natural part of everyday life There is no way to avoid it, since it takes many and varied formsdriving in traffic, problems with personal relationships are all different forms of stres
3、s Stress, in fact, is not the “baddy“ it is often reputed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill healthThe amount of stress a person can withstand depends ve
4、ry much on the individualSome people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilitiesOthers lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficultiesWhen exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physicallyIn fact we make
5、a choice between “fight“ or “fright“ and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life and deathThe crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same responseAll the energy is diverted to cope with the stressIt is when such a
6、 reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangeredSuch serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stressStress in some people produces stomach disorders, while others succumb to tension headachesSince we cannot remo
7、ve stress from our Jives, We need to find ways to cope with it71People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because - 2 -_.Athey are working harder than they used to beBthey are often too busy to find the timeCthey are not clear of how to relax by themselvesDthey are suffering from
8、 the effects of stress72What is implied but not stated in the passage ?AHow much stress one can bear depends greatly on whether he knows the art of relaxationBPeople in primitive days survived from stress because they found certain ways to deal with it.CIf one gets into the habit of relaxing every d
9、ay he can overcome stress easilyDStress can lead to serious health problem if one is exposed to it fortoo long73The underlined sentence in paragraph 2 suggests that_AStress is not always a bad thing for peopleBStress has a bad reputation of causing ill healthCStress is not so terrible as people ofte
10、n believe it to beDStress is always harmful to people all the time74According to this passage, which is TRUE?ARelaxation in life only benefits us mentallyBDifferent people can stand different amounts of stressCAll the s tress can lead to poor performanceDLarge amounts of stress is important to peopl
11、es life75What is the writer s attitude to stress according to the passage?AStress as well as relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and bodyBStress should not be eliminated completely from the lifeCStress produces both positive and negative effects on people DPeople usually work better under str
12、ess if they are healthy 【参考答案】DCABC- 3 -Passage Twenty-four (A Smuggling Syndicate)The smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations. His business happens to be illegal and risky, but look at the stakes involved: $
13、5 billion worth of heroin smuggled into the United States each year, and $1.5 billion in gold passing annually along smuggling pipelines to India and Indonesia, to France and Morocco, to Brazil and Turkey. Perhaps half of all the watches made in Switzerland reach their eventual wearers by some back
14、door. Most of this illicit trade is carried on with all the efficiency of any multinational company. Entirely legitimate businesses, such as a travel bureau or an import-export agency, are also often fronts for smuggling organizations. One of the worlds largest gold smugglers also owned and operated
15、 the franchise for a leading make of British cars in a small Middle Eastern country. He made a good profit from both activities.A smuggling syndicate operates much like any other business. The boss is really a chief executive. He makes all the plans, establishes international contacts, and thinks up
16、 the smuggling routes and method but remains aloof from actual operations. He is aided by a handful of managers looking after such specialties as financing, travel (one reason why many smuggling syndicates find it handy to have their own travel agency), the bribing of airline or customs officials, a
17、nd recruitment of couriers, or mules as they are called. There may also be someone in charge of local arrangements in the countries to which the smuggled goods is going.Another similarity between legitimate business and its illegal counterpart is price fluctuation. Just as the prices of products tra
18、ded legally vary with quality and market conditions such as supply and demand, so do the prices of goods go up and down in the smuggling trade. Consider the price of drugs. Heroin - 4 -and cannabis, in whatever form or by whatever name, cone in several grades, each with a going price. The wholesale
19、price at which big dealers sell to big dealers is less than the street price. When the authorities are successful in reducing the supply buy seizures, the price of all grades rises.1. The main idea for this passage is A. The Comparison between Legitimate Business and Its Illegal Counterpart. The sim
20、ilarities between Legitimate Business and Smuggling.C. Smugglers May Make Great Profit from Both Activities.D. The Boss in Smuggling Syndicate is a Chief Executive.2. When is the price going down?A. The quality of the foods and market condition are not very well. The quality of goods and market cond
21、ition vary.C. Unbalance between supply and demand.D. The price of other goods fluctuates.3. It can be inferred that a smugglerA. may make plan and establish international contacts. is a real boss.C. may make money in different ways .D. may sell other goods.4. One of the best ways smugglers usually t
22、ake is A. to set up multinational companies. to engage in illegal businesses only.C. to make legitimate businesses as fronts for smuggling organizations.D. to make good profits from both activities.Vocabulary1. turnover 营业额2. do credit to 增光于某人/某物3. stake 下在投机生意上的股本，赌注- 5 -4. smuggling pipeline 走私线路
23、5. speciality 专业部门，公司6. recruit 招募，添补（新兵）难句译注1. The smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations.结构简析 并列句参考译文 走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍走私集团的文章，采用对比写法正常（合法）的商业和走私（非法）集团的对比。第一段第一句就点明宗旨：走私者在许多
24、方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。不仅如此，有的也经营合法商业，如旅游，进出口公司等，这些往往是非法走私组织的前哨阵地。第二段介绍了走私辛迪加的经营情况非常类似其他商业。老板就是真正的（执行）董事长。他制定计划，签定国际合同，确定走私路线和方法但不参与具体执行行动。有一批经理助他管理各个专业部门，如财政，旅行，贿赂海关或航空公司官员等，还有当地接应走私货品的负责人。第三段叙述了合法和非法贸易另一个相似点价格波动，价格随市场供需和商品质量而有所差异。答案祥解1. B. 合法商业和走私的相似性。是这篇文章的中心思想。它是通过对比方法说明这种相似性。并不是两者对比得出结论。所以
25、A. 合法商业和非法商业比较。不对。 C. 走私者可以从两种活动中谋取利润 和 D. 走私集团中的老板是董事长，只是对比中提到个别具体事实。不是中心思想。2. A. 货物质量和市场情况不好。第三段第二句“正如合法商业按质论价和按市场供需价一样，走私商品也是按这两者调节价格的上升和下降。 ”所以当质量和市场情况不好价格就跌。- 6 -B. 货物质量和市场变化。这并不一定跌价，也可能上升。 C. 供需不平衡。并没有说明供大于求，和跌价无关。 D. 其它商品价波动。这不一定下跌。所以 B,C,D都不对。3. D. 可能会卖其他货品。题目是推断， （infer） 。从第一段最后一句“世界上最大走私黄金
26、商之买卖，可推断出走私商照样可以经营其他商品。至于A. 制定计划，签定合同。 B. 走私商是真正的老板。 C. 以不同的方式赚钱，都是文章中直抒，不是推断出来的结论。4. C. 以合法商业掩护他们走私是走私商经常采用，也是最佳的方法之一。A. 多国公司。 B. 只从事非法商贸，这并不是最佳方法。 D. 从两方面赚钱，并不是方法，而是有了掩护所后，多一份收入而已。【2013 黄浦区】(C) Throughout the centuries, various writers have contributed greatly to the literary treasure trove of boo
27、ks lining the shelves of todays libraries. In addition to writing interesting material, many famous writers, such as Edgar Allan Poe, were larger-than-life characters with personal histories that are as interesting to read as the stories they wrote. Poes rocky life included being driven off from the
28、 United States Military Academy at West Point in 1831 and an ongoing battle with alcohol. Yet, despite heavy gambling debts, poor health, and terrible unemployment, Poe managed to produce a body of popular works, including “The Raven” and “The Murders in the Rue Morgue.”Herman Melville, author of Mo
29、by Dick, once lived among the man-eaters in the Marquesas Islands and wrote unusual tales inspired by his years of service in the U.S. Navy. Dublin-born Oscar Wilde was noted for his charismatic personality, his outrageous lifestyle, and creating witty catchphrases such as, “Nothing succeeds like ex
30、cess.” D.H. Lawrence wrote shameful novels that were often cut, and Anne Rice led a double life writing bestselling horrible novels under her real name and using “A.N. Roquelaure” for the lowbrow unhealthy novels she penned on the side. - 7 -Nonconformist(不 墨 守 成 规 的 )author and naturalist Henry Dav
31、id Thoreau once fled to the woods and generated enough interesting material to fill his noted book Walden. Thoreau wrote on the issue of passive resistance protest in his essay “Civil Disobedience” and served time in jail for refusing tax payments in protest of the United States governments policy t
32、owards slavery. American short story writer O. Henrys colorful life was ruined by tragic events, such as being accused and sentenced for stealing money from an Austin, Texas bank. Despite his success selling his short stories, O. Henry struggled financially and was nearly bankrupt when he died. As d
33、iverse as these famous authors backgrounds were, they all led unconventional lives while writing great literary works that will endure throughout the ages. The next time you read an interesting book, consider learning more about the author by reading his or her biography so you can learn about the u
34、nique life experiences that shaped his or her writing. 72. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Edgar Allan Poe? A. He had his own interesting personal history as other famous writers. B. He graduated from United States Military Academy at West Point in 1831. C. He once had heavy gambling debts
35、and fell down with illness. D. He managed to produce popular works no matter how rocky his life was. 73. What can you infer from Para.2?A. D.H. Lawrence and Anne Rice once wrote similar type of novels. B. Anne Rice used a pen name because her novels were quite popular.C. Anne Rice used different nam
36、es when she wrote bestselling novels. D. Henry David Thoreau enriched his books by living in the forests. 74. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. Henry David Thoreau was passionately opposed to horrible events. B. Anne Rice always used a pen name to conceal her true identity. C. Herm
37、an Melville stayed with man-eaters during his naval service. D. O Henrys life was colorful though he had lots of difficulties. - 8 -75. The passage mainly tells us that _. A. many famous writers lived nontraditional lives B. most famous writers were usually troublemakers C. writers had to lead inter
38、esting lives to generate materialsD. the biographies of famous writers are always inspirational【参考答案】7275 BACADirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose th
39、e one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.【2013 界虹口区质量监控测试题】 (A)A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. Pupp
40、y love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression (忧郁症). The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all.The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”. According
41、to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They wont tell that to their par
42、ents.Dr Marian Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young - 9 -people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression. She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build stron
43、g friendships and a strong sense of self. She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.Parents should watch for signs of depression - eating or mood changes - and if they see sign
44、s from their daughters or sons, they need to give help. The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity (成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.65. Whats the main idea of the passag
45、e?A. Puppy love may bring young people depression.B. Parents should forbid their childrens love.C. Romance is a two edged sword for adults. D. Romance is good for young people.66. Which of the following is more likely to have depression?A. Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness.B. Young
46、 boys whose parents watch for their behavior.C. Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.D. Careless parents whose children are deep in love.67. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.B. Early love makes young people keep cl
47、ose to their friends and parents.C. Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.D. The older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.68. Whats the authors attitude towards puppy love?A. Confused. B. Disapproving. C. Disinterested. D. Scared.- 10 -【参考答案】65-68: ACDB
