1、Word Differentiation 1. accept receive accept:接受，动作由主观意志决定，表示行动为主动的。 receive:收到，表示动作不由主观意志决定，表示的行为是被动的。 I have received an invitation to the ball,but I cant accept it because I dont know whether Ill be able to attend. I doubt whether his theory will be accepted by the scientists. We have received yo
2、ur letter dated July 19th.,2. agree on ； agree to ； agree with agree on :对.取得一致意见。 We agreed on the date for the next sports meet, They agreed on the price for the house. agree to :同意、赞同，作宾语的是某个具体的建议、计划或安排。 Our class teacher has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday. agree with:跟有相同看法，后接表人的名词。
3、Do you agree with your monitor ? He agreed with you.,3. almost nearly almost: 放在否定词前面去修饰否定词。 nearly:只能放在否定词后面。 They are not nearly ready . He has not nearly corrected his shortcoming in work. We got almost no help from them. Theres almost none left. 在具体数字前用nearly 不用almost The river is nearly 5 meter
4、s wide. The old man is nearly 90 years old.,4. alone lonely alone:单独的，指一种客观事实，adj或adv。 lonely :孤独的，一种心理感，adj。 His parents were dead and he was alone. Robinson felt even more lonely without his friend,the dog. Grandma lives alone but she does not feel lonely. lonely 可作前置定语，alone 是表语形容词。 I am going to
5、 get married after all these lonely years.,5. any one anyone any one 指一定范围内的任何人或物，后面可接of 短语。 anyone 是只能指人，不指物，用于泛指，没有范围，不接of 短语。 Any one of these girls can perform a dance. Anyone can join in the game. Which book do you want? Any one will do.,6. as when while 区别：1.主从句都用进行式表示，用while ,有时when ,不用as. I
6、was cooking while Roy was washing . 2.两个短动作同时紧跟发生，用as和when不用while. She arrived just as/when we stepped out of the hotel. 3. 主句或从句中只要有一个出现完成式，只用when. When we got to the airport, the plane had already taken off.,7. ask about； ask after； ask for ask about:打听情况 Newspaper reporters have been asking about
7、 the missing child all day. ask after:问候，问好 Your classmates asked after your health. ask for:要求得到 I asked for the taxi to come at 10. The miners are asking for an increase in pay.,8. at a time； at one time ；at the time at a time:一次，每次，指次数 Hand them to me four at a time. at one time 为过去曾经，一度，从前At one
8、 time he used to go mountain-climbing every spring. at the time:当时，在那时候 I told you at the time that I thought you were stupid.,9. beat hit strike beat:连续反复打击，可指太阳、风、雨的射、吹、打；心和脉搏的“跳动”，还有打败、胜过的意思。 The enemy soldiers beat the little boy badly. The rain was beating against the windows. I cant beat him a
9、t chess. hit: 侧重“打中”还可表示“撞击” His head hit against the wall. The death of her son has hit the lady hard.,strike: 指任何方式的打击。表示一次性或连续性的短暂动作，但不强调“打中”，表示“打钟”只用strike,还有“给印象深刻，灾难袭击等 Strike while the iron is hot. As I watched them, an idea struck me. When evening came, we were struck by a snowstorm.,10. bes
10、ides, except, except for besides:除了.还有 except为除了.以外，用来表示同类人或物之间的关系，从总体中排除一部分。 except for:表示在说明基本情况后，引述相反的原因或细节修正句中的意思，宾语与句中涉及的人或物并非同类。 All of us passed the test besides Roland. All of us passed the test except Roland. I like to read all kinds of novels except detective ones. The village is worth see
11、ing,except for its dirty river.,11. bring carry fetch take bring: 表示“拿来，带来”从别处把某物某人带来。 Bring your type writer with you tomorrow. 2. carry 表示“携带”指从一地到另一地的运动，不说明动作的方向。 The goods are carried in a bag. 3. fetch 表示“去拿来”指到别处去把某物取来，表往返。 He rushed home to fetch his raincoat. 4. take:拿走 Take the letter to th
12、e post office.,12. cost spend take cost:常指花费金钱、劳力、精力、生命，一般不用于时间。cost以物作主语，不以人为主语。 The dictionary cost 50yuan. The work cost them much labor. spend:常指花费金钱、劳力和时间，主语必须是人。My daughter spent too much money on clothes. Im spending a lot more time in writing English than before. take : 用来指时间、勇气，主语为一件事。 It t
13、ook unusual courage to climb that all tree.,13. divide separate divide: 划分，把一个整体分为若干部分。 The Huangpu river divides the city of Shanghai into two parts. The class is divided into four groups. separate: 分开，隔离。把原来结合在一起的或混杂的人或事物分开。 Taiwan is separate from the mainland by the Taiwan Straits. In those days
14、 the blacks were separated from the whites in public places.,14. dress ；have on ； put on； wear dress: 表动作，又可表状态，只用于穿衣服。常用于dress oneself ； be dressed in Get up and dress quickly. The child is too young to dress himself. She was dressed in white like a nurse. have on 强调穿的状态，宾语是衣服和鞋帽。不用于进行时态。 He had a
15、beautiful new suit on. Do you know where he got the shoes he had on.,put on : 指穿戴时的短暂动作，强调动作性。 You had better put on your raincoat. Why dont you put on your red shoes today? wear：强调穿着的状态。可用于进行时态，表示某一时间穿戴的衣着。 They were surrounded immediately by small boys wearing caps. She is wearing a new pair of gl
16、asses. She wears glasses。,15. fairly quite rather fairly: 相当、还算。语气最轻 quite 相当，在某种程度上，份量稍强。 rather 语气最强。 This film is fairly good. Your composition is quite good. His homework is rather good. fairly 用于修饰褒义的形容词和副词，rather 用于贬义词如：She is fairly clever. He is rather bad.,rather 可与too 和比较级连用。 My mother is
17、rather better today. This book is rather too difficult for the juniors. quite 和rather 还可和动词连用，fairly 不能 This does not quite satisfy me. I rather like her.,16. fine good well fine 作好解时，程度胜过good，它可指人的身体好，还可指优秀、高尚、文雅、天气晴朗等。 Fine weather ； fine artist ； fine salt 精盐 good 可指除健康以外的所有的好。 Good student ； goo
18、d days ； good book well作形容词，只表示身体和情况的良好，只作表语。He looks well. 健康He looks good. 好人,17. good at ； good for ； good to good at:擅长 可与good in 通用。 I am good at English composition. The girl is good at/in mathematics. good for :对有益处 If you have trouble going to sleep,doing some exercises will be good for you.
19、 good to:对好心仁慈 You should be good to your grandparents. We are good to our neighbours.,18. harm ； hurt ； injure ； wound harm: 表示引起对身体、物质或精神上的严重损害。 Hard drinking will harm your stomach. There was a fire in the street, but the theatre wasnt harmed at all. hurt:思想感情方面的伤害，指肉体上的伤害，强调疼痛的剧烈程度。It hurts me w
20、hen you talk like that. She was hurt to think of her not being invited to the party.,injure:指人的容貌、器官的损害。 The boy injured his shoulder while playing baseball. wound:外力对身体的伤害，尤指战争和灾害。 The bullet wounded the soldier in the head.,19. electric, electrical electric 电 的， 用电的， 带电的 electric light electric ir
21、on electric blanket electrical experiments electrical 电 的， 与电学有关的,20. find, look for, find out find 发现，找到。是终止性动作。 不可用进行时态。 I had been looking for a dictionary before you came. I had been trying to find a dictionary before you came. I tried to look for my lost wallet. But I cant find it.find out 经过探索
22、观察而发现.指发现无形的,隐藏的事情 . to find out the truth, to find out how to do sth.,21. pleasant, pleased pleasant 令人舒适的, 感到有趣的, 令人高 兴的. 反义词 unpleasant pleased 自己心里高兴. 反义词 displeased a pleasant companion, a pleasant voice, a pleasant journey Im very pleased with what you have done.,22. until, till 都可作介词或连接词 I di
23、d not go to bed till(until 10) oclock. I did not go to bed till (until) he came back. 1.从句或短语里用了until或till,主句里一定要用否定词,或在意义上含有反面的词语. I sat up till he came back. = I did not go to bed till he came back. 2.until和till含有“等到.为止” ,“非等到.不” I shall stay here until I have finished my work. = I shall not leave
24、 here until I have finished my work.,3. 如主句中的谓语动词表示延续性的动作 ,动词肯定或否定都可以,但意义不同.I worked till he came back.我工作到他来为止。 I did not work till he came back.他回来我才开始工作。 4.如主句中的谓语动词表示一时的动作,谓语一定要加否定. He did not get up till the sun was high up in the sky. He did not turn his head until I shouted at the top of my v
25、oice.,23.how often, how long, how soon,How often: 每隔多久，多长时间一次,“How often do you go to your home town?” “Once a year.”,how long: 多长时间,“How long may I keep this dictionary?” “You may keep it for two weeks.”,how soon: 要过多久以后 “How soon will come back?” “In three days.”,24. join, join in, take part in jo
26、in: 多指加入组织，团体，党派等。 Its two years since he joined our club. Will you join us? join in 指参加某项活动 They joined me in congratulating you. take part in 多指参加和参与群众性活动 The Union took an active part in the strike. He took pat in the students movement in the early forties.,25. late, lately, later late: 晚，迟 He ca
27、me too late and missed the first lecture. lately: 近来，新近 Have you heard from him lately? This is a song written lately. later: 后来，较晚的时候 We later learnt that he was not a man to be depended on. Three months later, she got a job at a childrens hospital.,26. lay , lie lay: 放，搁，架设 They laid the patient d
28、own on the bed. They are laying a new oil pipe. My black hen laid a big egg. lie: 躺，卧，位于 He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. The beautiful village lies to the south of us. Naturally she was lying.,27. listen, hear listen: 听，注意听 I listened but heard nothing. We listened to his speech but
29、 didnt hear anything interesting. hear: 听见，听到 I heard him speaking but was too tired to listen to him.,28. Mr Johns; the Mr John; the Johns Mr Johns 表示约翰先生的家。 Shall we meet at Mr Johns tomorrow? the Mr John 表示那一位约翰先生，加定冠词用于区分 We have two Mr Johns. Which one do you want/ I want the Mr John who works
30、in the bank. the Johns 表示约翰一家人 The Johns are going to the theatre.,29. pay back; pay for ;pay off pay back:偿还，常与介词 for to 连用 I must remember to pay you back for the film ticket. We paid the money back to her . pay for:指为某物付. pay 后可接表示钱款的名词。 How are you going to pay for your holiday/ I paid 80yuan fo
31、r the coat.,pay off:指偿清的债务、工钱等 Its a good feeling to pay off the house after all these years. The lady could not pay her servant off.,30. say speak talk tell Say 说，叙述，用语言表达自己的想法，注重说的内容. The paper says there might be a storm in a couple of days. What do people say of me? Speak:说，演讲，发言，侧重动作，较多用作不及物动词。
32、 Speak in public ,speak on a subject,speak Chinese,speak a word,Talk :谈话，连续性的谈话 Talk over the telephone talk about the subject . Tell:告诉，讲，向别人传达讲话内容。 tell sb sth ,tell sb to do sth. tell lies ,tell the difference,31. a or two, one or two . a mile or two = one or two miles a book or two = one or two books in a day or two = in one or two days * never say: one day or two He will be back in a day or two. He will be back in one or two days.,32. in , after 表示在一段时间之后. in 以现在为中心,表示“从(现在).以后”.现在或将来的多少时间以后用in after “从(那时).以后”过去的“过了多少时间”用 after Theyll come back in a week. They came back after a week.,
