1、,Sculpture in the U.S. House of Representatives,A Broad Outline of His Life,Acting at Gods behest(命令、吩咐), it is he who leads the Jews out of slavery, unleashes the Ten Plagues against Egypt, guides the freed slaves for forty years in the wilderness, carries down the law from Mount Sinai(西奈山), and pr
2、epares the Jews to enter the land of Canaan(迦南).,His Birth,Moses is born during the Jewish enslavement in Egypt, during a terrible period when Pharaoh decrees that all male Hebrew infants are to be drowned at birth.,His mother, Yocheved, desperate to prolong his life, floats him in a basket in the N
3、ile(尼罗河). Hearing the crying child as she walks by, Pharaohs daughter pities the crying infant and adopts him (Exodus 2:1-10).,Moses Rescued From The Nile,The Exodus,The Exodus: Episode One,As a young man, outraged at seeing an Egyptian overseer beating a Jewish slave, he kills the overseer,the slav
4、e-master.,The fact that he killed the man for carrying out his duties to Pharaoh would brand him a rebel against the king. Indeed, Pharaoh orders Moses killed, and he flees across Red Sea to Midian(米甸).,Episode Two,Moses marries Tzipporah, one of the Midianite priests daughters, and becomes the shep
5、herd for his father-in-laws flock. / On one occasion, when he has gone with his flock into the wilderness, an angel of the Lord appears to him in the guise of a bush that is burning but is not consumed (see next entry).,The Burning Bush,Once He has so effectively elicited(引出) Moses attention, God co
6、mmands-over Moses strenuous objections-that he go to Egypt and along with his brother, Aaron, make one simple if revolutionary demand of Pharaoh: “Let my people go.“,Episode Three,Moses and Aeron meet with Pharaoh but Pharaoh resists Moses petition, until God wreaks the Ten Plagues(十场灾难) on Egypt, a
7、fter which the children of Israel escape.,Moses and Aaron before Pharaoh,The tenth plague culminated(达到顶峰) in the slaying(杀死) of the Egyptian male first-borns, whereupon such terror seized the Egyptians that they ordered the Hebrews to leave in the Exodus.,The events are commemorated as Passover(逾越节
8、), referring to how the plague “passed over” the houses of the Israelites while smiting(突袭，重惩) the Egyptians.,Moses-parting-red-sea,The Ten Commandments,摩西十诫,How was it given ?What is the significance ?,The phrase “Ten Commandments” is generally used to refer to similar passages in Exodus(出埃及记) 20:2
9、17 and Deuteronomy(申命记) 5:621.,1) According to the Bible, after crossing the Red Sea and leading the Israelites towards the desert, Moses was summoned by God to Mount Sinai(西奈山), also referred to as Mount Horeb, the same place where Moses had first talked to the Burning Bush,2)Moses stayed on the mo
10、untain for 40 days and nights, a period in which he received the Ten Commandments directly from God. Moses then descended from the mountain with intent to deliver the commandments to the people.The Bible says God gave those laws to Moses in his only face-face meeting with a human being .,3) But upon
11、 his arrival he saw that the people were involved in the sin of the Golden Calf(金牛犊,an idol ). In terrible anger, Moses broke the commandment tablets.,4) God later offered Moses to inscribe two other tablets, to replace the ones Moses smashed,48 so Moses went to the mountain again, for another perio
12、d of 40 days and nights, and when he returned, the commandments were finally given.,Moses Pleading with Israel,The Ten Commandments,1)I am the Lord thy god, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. 2) Thou shalt have no other gods before Me. 3) Thou shalt not take the
13、name of the Lord thy God in vain. 4) Remember the Sabbath day(安息日) to keep it holy. 5) Honor thy father and thy mother. 6) Thou shalt not murder. 7) Thou shalt not commit adultery. 8) Thou shalt not steal. 9) Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. 10) Thou shalt not covet(觊觎) anythi
14、ng that belongs to thy neighbor.,The Ten Commandments, or Decalogue, are a list of religious and moral imperatives that, according to the Hebrew Bible, were spoken by God to the people of Israel from the mountain referred to as Mount Sinai or Horeb.,They are recognized as a moral foundation in Judai
15、sm, Christianity and Islam.,Ten Commandments Monument from the grounds of the Texas State Capitol. Austin, Texas.,Moses Magic Power,In Numbers(旧约民数记) in which the Hebrews angrily demand that Moses supply them with water，God commands Moses to assemble the community, “and before their very eyes order
16、the nearby rock to yield its water.“ Fed up with the Hebrews constant whining and complaining, he says to them instead: “Listen, you rebels, shall we get water for you out of this rock?“ He then strikes the rock twice with his rod, and water gushes out (Numbers 20:2-13).,His Death,However,it is this
17、 episode of disobedience, striking the rock instead of speaking to it, that is generally offered as the explanation for why God punishes Moses and forbids him to enter Israel. Despite living to the age of 120, Moses died before reaching the Land of Israel. And it was Joshua(约书亚) who succeeded Moses
18、and finally entered Isreal.,The saddest event in Moses life might well be Gods prohibiting him from entering the land of Israel. Before his death, he assembled the tribes, and delivered to them a parting address, which forms the Book of Deuteronomy 旧约申命记.,Statue by Michelangelo,Religions views of Mo
19、ses,1) He was, according to the Hebrew Bible, a religious leader, lawgiver, and prophet, to whom the authorship of the Torah(摩西五经) is traditionally attributed he is the most important prophet in Judaism,12 and is also considered an important prophet by Christianity,1 Islam,and many other faiths.,Mos
20、es holds the Ten Commandments - Library of Congress statue,2) Moses impressed his monotheistic(一神论的) vision upon the Jews with such force that in the succeeding three millennia, Jews have never confused the messenger with the Author of the message,despite the extraordinary veneration(崇拜) accorded Mo
21、ses “there has not arisen a prophet since like Moses” is the Bibles verdict(判决、定案). (Deuteronomy 34:10),以摩西（梅瑟）為主題的電影,十诫（1923年無聲电影，西塞狄米爾（Cecil B. DeMille）執導） 十诫（1956年电影，西塞狄米爾執導） 埃及王子（The Prince of Egypt，夢工廠1998年动画电影） 十诫（The Ten Commandments，2007年3D动画电影）,宇多田光,Exodus First English Album in the U.S. 2004,The End.,Thanks !,
