1、A1 层 AI horizonA2 层 A2 horizonABC 型土 ABC soilAC 型土 AC soilAG 型土 AG soilAo 层 Ao horizonAp 层 Ap horizonA 层 A horizonBC 型土壤 B C SoilB 层 B horizonC 层 C horizonG 层 G horizonH 层 H layerL 层 L layerpF 曲线 pF curvepF 值 pF valuepH 值 pH ValueU 形沟蚀 U-shaped gullyingV 式节制坝 V-type check damV 形沟蚀 V-shaped gullingV
2、形拖板 V-dragX 线分光分析 X-ray spectrophyX 线绕射分析 X-xayd iffraction methody 次量养分元素， Secondary nutrient element(即 Secondary essential element安定粒团 Stable aggregate氨态氮 Ammonieal nitrogen胺化作用 Aminization暗 Dark (指 Soil colour暗渠排水 Closed ditch drainage暗色火山灰土 Ando soil白垩土 Chalk soil白毛微法 Cunninghemella plaque test斑
3、点 Mottling半定域土 Semizonal soil半润度含水量 Moisture content at 50% relative humidity半沼泽土 Half bog soil (同 Marsh border soil)榜纹 Streak剥蚀作用 Exfoliation保土坝 Soil saving dam保土调查 Soil conservation survey保土局 Soil conservation service (U.S.D.A.)保土作物 soil protective crop保土作物 Soil conserving crop饱和度 Degree of satura
4、tion饱和渗透度 Saturated permeability饱和水流 Saturated flow鲍氏单位（鲍尔） Baules unit (haule)鲍氏生产律 Baule s law of percentage yield被护作物 Cover crop崩积层 Colluvium崩积土 Colluvial soil边际地 Mannings formula Marginal Land变质多米高岭石 Metahalloysite表层冲蚀 Sheet erosion表土 Surface soil表土截去 Truncation冰川沈积 Glacial drift冰积土 Glacial soil
5、冰沼土 Tundra soil薄片状构造 Laminar structure卜来水化云母 Bravaisite不饱和水流 Unsaturated flow不坚结 Unconsolidated不自由水 Unfree water不足供应 Poverty adjustment残积土 Residual soil槽式培段 Channel-type terrace草地 Grass land草皮 Sod草滩腐植土 Marsh soil草原黑土 Black prairie soil草原土 Prairie soit颤动容积 Oscilation volume超施石灰 Overlim ing超效水 Superav
6、ailable water超粘粒 Ultra clay成熟剖面 Mature profile成土母质 Parent material成土因子 Soil former成土作用 Soil forming process赤道聚钙土 Equatorial pedoca冲积层 Alluvium冲积扇 Alluvial fan冲积土 Alluvial soil冲蚀 Erosion冲蚀比 Erosion ratio冲蚀防治 Erosion control冲蚀性 Erosiveness冲刷 Scouring虫泄 Worm excretion虫穴 Mole burrow出水口 Outlet初步沟蚀 Incipi
7、ent gullying (即 Finger gullying)锄力作用 Dynamic process处女土 Virgin soil穿透度 Penetrability穿透计 Penetr0meter垂距 Vertical interval垂流涵洞坝 Drop inlet dam次边际地 Submarginal land次量要素 Secondary product of weathering次生矿物 Secondary mineral次生土 Sedentary soil次生土 Heterochronogenous soils次生土粒 Secondary soils (同 Heterochron
8、ogenous soils)次生盐土 Secondary soil particle次生砖红壤 Secondary laterite粗糙系数 Coefficient of roughness粗骨土 Skelctal soil粗管状 Tubular (指 Pore space)粗砂壤土 Coarse sand loam粗团率 State of aggregation脆性 Brittle (指 Consistence)代换性盐基 Replaceable bases单杆式霸 Pole type brucn dam单粒构造 Single grain structure单粒构造 Primary part
9、icle structure单值测定 Single value determination淡 Weal (指 Soil colour)淡栗钙土 Light chestnut coloured soil氮肥 Ammoniate氮化细菌 Ammonifving bacteria氮化作用 Ammonification氮素循环 Nitrogen cycle弹性 Elastic (指 Consistence)弹性梳物养分 Elastic plant nutrient当量碱度 Equivalent basicity当量酸度 Equivalent acidity稻田阶段 Paddy terrace等电点 I
10、soelectric point等电点 Amphoteric point (同 Isoeiectric point)等电沈液 Isoelectric precipitate等腐植质带 Isohumus belt等高川作 Contour listihg等高耕作 Contour Planting (farming)等高间栽 Contour strip cropping等高线 Contour等高作沟 Contour ridging (同 Contour furrowing)等高作沟 Contour furrowing等力 Isodynes等斜阶段 Uniform terrace低腐植潜水灰壤 Low
11、 humic glei soil狄屯高岭石 Dickite底堆石 Ground moraine底土 Subsoil地臂冲蚀 Geological erosion地景 Land scape地力衰竭 Soil exhaustion地势 Relief地下灌溉 Sub-irregation地下水 Ground water地下水位 Ground water table地形 Topograph电导测定法 Electro-conductivity method电解质 Electrolyte电渗 Electrophoresis (同 Cataphoresis)电渗 Caraphoresis电透析 Electr
12、odyalysis电子显微法 Electromicroscopy凋萎点 Wilting point凋萎系数 Wilting co-efficient跌水冲蚀 Waterfall erosion碟状构造 Platy structure定位 Orientation定位吸着 Oriented adsorption定域土，顾域土 Zonal soil冻胀计 Dilatometer动物穴 Animal furrow豆科桢物 Leguminous plant犊聚作用 Accumulation短行 Short row (同 Point row)短行 Point row断键水 Broken bond wate
13、r对称浓度 Symmetry concentration对称值 Symmetry value多孔状 Porous (指 Pore space)多铝蒙特石 Bidellite多镁蒙特石，皂石 Saponite多水高岭石 Hailoysite多铁蒙特石，绿高岭石，硅铁石 Nontronire多硅高岭石 Anauxite遏渡域 Transitional zone二层法(机械分析） Two layer method (mechanical analysis)二电性 Amphoteric character二甲苯当量 Xylene equivalent二可性细菌 Faeultntive bacteria
14、二性胶体 Ampholytoid矾斑 Alum spot反附着作用 Negative adsorption反吸收柞用 Negative absorption泛域土 Azonal soil方块构造 Cubic like structure防风草带 Shelter belt防风间栽 Wind strip cropping防风林 Wind break放牧地 Grazing land放射菌 Actinomycetes放射性迹示法 Radioactivity tracer technique非共生好氧性固氮菌 Azotobacter非共生嫌氧性固氮菌 Closteridimn pasterianum非交
15、接性阴离子 Non-exchangeable cation非气候性成土作用 Aclimatic soil formation非石灰性土 Non calcarious soil非微管孔度 Non-capillary porosity非正常冲蚀 Abnormal erosion (同 Soil erosion)非正常剖面 Abnormal profile沸池石复合体 Zeolitic complex沸泡石 Zeolite沸泡状构造 Vesicular structure分解变质 Katamorphism分区轮牧法 Rotational grazing分散 Dispersion分散比 Dispers
16、ion ratio分散剂 Dispersing agent分散媒 Dispersion medium分散体 Dispersoid分散系 Disperse system分散相 Dispersed phase分水渠 Diversion channel分水线 Divide玢粒，粉砂 Silt玢质粘壤土，粉砂粘壤土 Silty clay loam粉红 Pink (指 Soil colour)粉质壤土，粉砂壤土 Silty loam粉状构造 Pulverulent stucture风成凸起 Knob风化次生物 Secondary saline soil风化度 Degree of weathering风化
17、作用 Weathering风积土 Regosol风积土 Aeolian soil风蚀 Wiod erosion风蚀沟 Wind gully风刷池 Blown out land蜂巢状构造 Honey comb structure (即 Cellula structure)夫来潜水灰壤 Vlei soil浮秤法(机械分析) Hydrometer metnod (mechanical analysis)复钙作用 Recalcification腐枚质 Humus腐泥土 Muck腐生 Saprophytic腐石 Rigolith腐械质沸池石馥合体 Humus zeolite complex腐铀銴 g H
18、umus soil腐栈质聚硅土 Humic siallite腐镇质硬盘 Humus ortstien腐植化有机物 Humified organic matter腐植化作用 Humification腐植素 Humin腐植酸 Humic acid腐植质灰壤 Humus podzol腐植质潜水灰壤 Humic glei soil附着力 Adsorbility附着作用 Adsorption副样本 Subsample“覆盖?“ Mulch钙成土 Calcimorphic (Calomorphic) soil钙化作用 Calcification钙积层 Caliche (同 Bca horizon)钙积层
19、Bca horizon钙粘土，钙粘粒 Calc. ium clay钙质土 Calcium soil“盖 ?“ Ginger nut“盖洛?“ Gedroizite竿底层 Plow sole高岭石 Kaolinite高岭石类 Kaolinites高岭土 Kaolin高岭土化作用 Kaoiinization高山腐植土 Alpine humus soil高山黑钙土 Mountain chernozem高山灰化土 Mountain podzolized soil“高山栗钙土 Mountain chestnut soil高山泥炭土 Mountain peat高山土 Alpine soil高山涯草原土 A
20、lpine meadow soil格形矿物 Lattice minerals根孔 Root hole根瘤 Root nodule根瘤菌 Nodule bacteria根瘤菌 Bacterium radicicola根瘤细菌 Rhizobium根溶性 Root soluble根系 Root system根域 Root Zone耕作 Tillage耕作层 Plowing layer耕作性 Tilth共生 Symbiosis沟坚冲蚀 Gully erosion沟蚀 Gullying构造单位 Structure unit构造剖面 Structural profile构造形成力 Structural c
21、apacity古土 Fossil soil古土壤 Relict soil古土壤 Paleosol (同 Relict soil)古土壤学 Paleopedology谷 A 泥炭土 Niederungsmoor ( 同 Fen peat)谷 A 泥炭土 Flachmoor (同 Fenpeat)固氮菌 Nitrogen fixing bacteria固氮菌土盘法 Azotobacter soilplaque technique固氮作用 Nitrngen fixation固性 Firm(指 onsistence)关键墙段 Key terrace灌溉 Irrigation灌林灰壤 Heath pod
22、zol灌林泥炭土 Heath peat光能硝化作用 Photonitrification广域 Macrozone广域地势 Macrorelief龟土 Adobe soil国际土质分级 International texture grades过度放牧 Over grazing过度武土 Transitional soil过分消耗 Luxury consumption海积土 Marine soil海绵状 Spongeous (指 Pore space)海滩沈积 Beach deposit海洋沈积 Marine deposit旱境土 Arid soil旱农制 Dry farming好热性细菌 Ther
23、mophile bacteria好氧性细菌 Aerobic bacterial耗土作物 Soil depleting crop合成变质 Anamorphism河岸冲饪 Stream bank erosion河成土 Fluvial soil河床冲积土 River wash核状构造 Nutty sturcture核状沈积 Concretionary deposit黑钙土 Chernozem (Tschernozem)黑钙土 Black earth ( 同 Chernozem)黑棉土 Regur黑棉土 Black cotton soil黑泥炭土 Black turf soil黑色石灰岩土 Rendz
24、ina黑微法 Aspergillus niger method横插式阻刷坝 Crosswise brush type dam横带间裁 Strip cropping横渠 Transverse channel洪积层 Deluvium红漠钙土 Red desert soil红壤 Red loam红壤 Lateritic soil红壤化作用 Laterization红色草原土 Red prairie soil红色栗钙土 Reddish chestnut earth红色石灰岩土 Terra rossa红棕钙土 Reddish brown soil红棕色红壤 Reddish brown leteritic
25、 soil后硅作用 Resilisification湖成泥炭土 Lacustrine peat湖成沈积 Lacustrine deposit湖成砖红壤 Lake latefite湖积土 Lacustrine soil互接种族 Cross inoculation group互沈激理论 Mutual precipitation theory护膜胶体 Dopplerite滑 Slick (指 Consistence)滑崩 Slumping (同 Slip)滑崩 Slip滑崩冲蚀 Slip erosion化学性风化作用 Chemical weathering化学性剖面 Chemical profile
26、化育性土类 Genetic soil type化育因子 Genetic factor还积土 Transported soil还原作用 Regradation缓动草带 Buffer strip缓动能量 Buffer capacity缓动曲线 Buffer curve缓动作用 Buffer action黄壤 Yellow earth黄色准灰壤 Yellow podzolic soil黄土 Loess黄棕色红壤 Yellowish brown lateritic soil灰分 Ash灰钙土 Sierozem灰钙土 Grey soil (同 Sierozem)灰钙土 Gray earth灰化层 Pod
27、zOlized horizon灰化红黄壤，红黄准灰壤 Reddish yellow podzolic soil灰化土壤 Podzolized soil灰化作用 Podzolization灰黄色 Grayish yellow灰壤 Podzol灰色 Gray灰色森林土 Gray forest soil灰色准灰壤 Gray podzolic (wooded) soil灰棕准灰壤，灰棕壤 Gray brown podzolic soil混凝土节制坝 Concret dam活性酸度 Acidity，active火山土 Volcanic soil基层 Substratum机械分部 Mechanical s
28、eparate机械分析 Mechanical analysis机械洗出作用 Mechanical eluviation机械组成 Mechanical composition积水 Water logging极细砂 Very fine sand集流时间 Time of concentration集水面积 Drainage area寄生 Parasitic加速冲蚀 Accelerated erosion (同 Soil erosion)钾钠风化比 Shifting value假比重 Apparent specific gravity假比重 Apparent density (lg Apparent
29、specifi gravity)假粒团 False aggregate坚结 Indurated (指 Consistence)坚结物质 Consolidated material监生植物 Halophytic vegetation监育土 Halogenic (Halomorphic) soil剪断力 Shear碱班 Alkali spot碱度 Alkalinity碱土 Solonetz碱土 Black alkali soil (同 Solonetz)碱土 Alkali soil碱土(匈牙利名) Szik soil碱土化作用 Solonization碱土化作用 Atkalization碱土退化作
30、用 Solotization碱性湿草原土 Alkaline meadow soil碱性土 Alkaline soil渐斜阶段 Variable grade terrace降水强度 Rainfall intensity降水强度频率曲线 Rainfall intensity frequency curve降水效力指数 P-E index交换常数 Exchange constant交换恒温式 Exchange isotherm交换能量 Exchangeable capacity交换性气 Exchangeable hydrogen交换性酸度 Acidity，exchangeable交换性盐基 Exchangeable bases交换性阴离子 Exehangeableanion胶结 Cementation (指 Consistence)胶结剂 Cementing agent胶粒 Colloidal particle胶略水 Gel water“胶溶化 Peptize胶溶剂 Peptizing age
