1、雅思阅读长难句一：For example, vision is obviously more useful to species inhabiting clear open waters than to those living in turbid rivers and flooded plains.（C4T1P2）雅思阅读长难句解析：整个句子是由 more than 引导的比较状语从句，然后分别在名词 species和代词 those的后面插入了非谓语动词的现在分词“inhabiting clear open waters”和“living in turbid rivers and floo
2、ded plains”做后置定语。长难句翻译：比如说，对于宽广清澈水域中的鲸鱼来说，视觉显然就比住在混浊的河流或者水淹的平原上的品种来说更加有用。雅思阅读长难句二：Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in schools, all to promote national unity. （C4T2P1）雅思阅读长难句解析：整个句子首先用 quite often 副词插入句子头表示强调，主语是 governm
3、ents, 谓语是 try， 后面不定式短语 to kill off a minority language 做宾语，然后加上介词 by引导的的方式状语，最后插入一个 to引导的目的状语。长难句翻译：为了增加国家的凝聚力，政府通常会通过在公共场合禁用以及在学校中不提倡使用的方法，消灭少数民族语言。雅思阅读长难句三：Animals at play often use unique signs-tail-wagging in dogs, for example-to indicate that activity superficially resembling adult behavior is
4、not really in earnest.（C4T2P3）雅思阅读长难句解析：这句话的主语是 animals， 谓语是 use， 宾语是 signs， 双破折号当中的部分是插入语，to indicate是宾语补足语，indicate 后面跟了一个宾语从句。Activity是宾语从句的主语，is 是系动词，in earnest是表语，resembling是现在分词做后置定语来修饰 activity。长难句翻译：玩耍中的动物会用一些独特的标志比如狗摇尾巴来表明这种简单模仿大动物的行为的举动并不是玩真的。雅思阅读长难句四：We already know that rat pups denied t
5、he chance to play grow smaller brain components and fail to develop the ability to apply social rules when they interact with their peers.（C4T2P3）雅思阅读长难句解析：整个句子的主语是 we，know that后面引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的主语是rat pups， 谓语是 grow 和 fail，最后插入一个 when引导的时间状语从句，其中 denied the chance to play是过去分词做后置定语来修饰 rat pups。长难句翻译：我
6、们已经知道，没有机会玩耍的小老鼠，大脑各部分发育的比较小，同时也不具备运用社会规则与其他小老鼠交流的能力。Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere， they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executives proposals.2011 阅读第一篇解析：Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewheredoing 做状语，they presumably have
7、enough independence to disagree with the chief executives proposals.主句翻译：他们已经锦衣玉食，声名显赫，即便是首席执行官的提议，他们也会提出异议且没人会觉得他们唐突。The researchers from Ohio University used a database that covered more than 10，000 firms and more than 64，000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. 2011 阅读第一篇解析：The researchers
8、from Ohio University主语 used a database谓语和宾语 that covered more than 10，000 firms and more than 64，000 different directors between 1989 and 2004.定语从句修饰数据库翻译：来自俄亥俄大学的研究者构建了一个庞大的数据库，其数据是通过对 1989 年到 2004 年间超过 10000 家公司和 64000 名不同的董事调查后所得出的。The most likely reason for departing a board was age， so the rese
9、archers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. 2011 阅读第一篇解析：The most likely reason for departing a board主语 was age系表结构，so并列连接两个句子 the researchers主语 concentrated on谓语 those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70.宾语翻译：年龄是他们离职董事会的主要原因。因此，研究
10、者特别关注那些不满七十岁的董事的“ 意外”离职。Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive， it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. 2011 阅读第一篇解析：Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the fir
11、m is suggestive，-让步状语从句 it does not mean (that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship)-主句中的宾语从句.主句翻译：他们离任与该公司随后的糟糕表现不无关系，但这并不意味着他们不愿挽狂澜于既倒、 扶大厦于将倾。But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before
12、bad news breaks， even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. 2011 阅读第一篇解析：But the researchers主语 believe谓语 that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations宾语从句 if they leave a firm before bad news breaks条件状语从句， even i
13、f a review of history shows (they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred定语从句修饰 time)-让步状语从句中的宾语从句.让步状语从句翻译：研究者们坚信：如果外部董事在坏消息放出之前就离开公司，即便追溯历史时人们发现一些错误正是发生在这些外部董事担任董事期间，他们的名声也丝毫不会受损。Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom.- 2011 阅读第二篇解析：Newspapers lik
14、e the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom.简单句过去进行时- chronicling their own doom 编写自己的厄运。翻译：像洛杉矶编年史一类的报纸似乎也是在劫难逃。Even American newspapers ， which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry， have not only survived but often returned to profit. -2011 阅读第二篇解析：Even American
15、newspapers ，- 主语 which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry，-定语从句修饰美国报纸 have not only survived but often returned to profit.谓语翻译：尽管在全球各行业中实属处境不佳，美国报纸业不仅幸存了下来，还重新实现了盈利。The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13，500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. -2011 阅读第二篇解析：The Ameri
16、can Society of News Editors 主语 reckons谓语 that 13，500 newsroom jobs have gone宾语从句 since 2007.状语翻译：美国新闻编辑协会估算：自 2007 年以来，13500 个和新闻相关的职务已消失得无影无踪。Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses， with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. -2011 阅读第二篇解析：Newspapers are becoming more b
17、alanced businesses，- 主句 with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers.独立主格做状语翻译：读者买报纸的钱和客户投放广告的钱有了一个更合理的配比。因此，报业发展得也更为均衡。The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody， but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. -2011 阅读第
18、二篇解析：The whirlwind (that swept through newsrooms)-定语从句修饰旋风 harmed everybody，- 主句一 but并列连接两个句子 much of the damage has been concentrated in areas主句二 where newspaper are least distinctive.定语从句修饰领域翻译：这会波及新闻编辑室每个部门，但对于那些最没有特色的部门影响尤大。(注释：之所以没有把每个人翻译出来是因为：人和部门如果做对比的话显得怪怪的。)1. Libraries made education possi
19、ble, and education in its turn added to libraries; the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound-interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing.要点：从内容上分析，which 修饰 “the growth of knowledge”图书馆的出现使教育的发展成为可能，而教育的发展又反过来使图书馆不断扩大充实。知识的增长遵循了一种复利法则。由于印刷术的发明，这一知识增长过程得以大大加速。2. If
20、they can each be trusted to take such responsibilities, and to exercise such initiative as falls within their sphere, then administrative overhead will be low.如果他们每个人都能予以信任承担这样的职责，并在他们所管辖的范围内发挥主动性，那么管理费用就会降低。3. There are probably no question we can think up that cant be answered, sooner or later, in
21、cluding even that matter of consciousness.迟早可能不存在我们想得出但解答不了的问题，甚至包括我们意识的问题。4. The curtain was rung down in that phase of history, at least, by the sudden invention of the hydrogen bomb, of the ballistic missile and of rockets that can be aimed to hit the moon.至少由于氢弹、弹道导弹和登月火箭出人意料地发明，那个历史时期宣告结束了。5. S
22、tudies of the Weddell seal in the laboratory have described the physiological mechanisms that allow the seals to cope with the extreme oxygen deprivation that occurs during its longest dives, which can extend 500 meters below the oceans surface and last for over 70 minutes. (三个定语从句)关于威德尔海豹特殊的生理机制，在实
23、验室里对其进行的研究已作过详细的描述。该生理机制使海豹可以适应长时间潜水时出现的极度缺氧。海豹长时间潜水时最深可达水面以下 500 米，时间可持续 70 多分钟。6. The renaissance of the feminist movement began during the 1950s led to the Stasist school, which sidestepped the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar t the lives of women in the East.
24、20 世纪 50 年代女权运动的复兴产生了斯塔西学派，这一学派回避好与坏的二分法，认为边境地区妇女和东部妇女过着同样的生活。7. Tom, the books protagonist, took issue with a man who doted on his household pet yet, as a slave merchant, thought “nothing of separating the husband from the wife, the parents from the children”.书中的主人公汤姆与一个人发生了争执。这人虽然爱家中的宠物。但作为一个奴隶贩子，
25、却认为“ 拆散夫妻，让骨肉分离算不了什么” 。8. We are not conscious of the extent to which work provide the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.我们不了解工作给人们提供的能把充实的生活与空虚的生活区分开来的心理满足的程度有多大。9. Thus, the unity that should characterize the strong system is developed by affo
26、rding opportunity for diversity, which appears to be essential if education is to develop in consideration of the needs of children and youth.因此，强大的教育体系所具备的统一性这一特点是通过提供各种机会来达到的。如果发展教育要考虑儿童和青年的需要，多种机会就显得至关重要。10. Automobiles have been designed which operate on liquid hydrogen, but these system give ri
27、se to seemingly unavoidable problems arising from the handling of a cryogenic liquid.虽然已经设计出液氢驱动的汽车，但是这些系统带来一些由如何处理低温液体而引发的似乎难以回避的问题。11. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will e
28、xperience greater intellectual development.行为主义者的看法是：如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境中长大，而这些刺激物又能培养其作出适当的反应能力，那么他就会有比较高的智力发展水平。12. While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the
29、significant events of the past.虽然有多少个历史学家，就差不多有多少种历史学的定义，但现代史学家的实践大都趋向于这样一种定义，即历史学是旨在重现和解释过去重大事件的学科。13. While this boundary does not mark the outer limit of a States territory, since in international law the territorial sea forms part of a States territory, it does represent the demarcation(分界，定界，界限
30、)between that maritime area(internal waters) where other States enjoy no general rights, and those maritime areas (the territorial sea and other zones) where other States do enjoy certain general rights.尽管这条分界线并不算是国家领土的外缘边界，但是，因为在国际法中领海也是国家领土的组成部分，它的确是其他国家在其内不享有一般权利的海区(内水域 )与其他国家在其中享有某些一般权利的那些海区(领海及
31、其他区域)之间的分界线。14. He finds that students who were easy to teach because they succeeded in putting everything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks.他发现原先比较容易教的学生现在踌躇不前了：原
32、先比较容易教是因为他们能把教给他们的所有东西都付诸实践;现在踌躇是因为他们面对着大量的在基础教科书上所没有接触过的英语词汇和惯用法。15. The reader who peruses (细读(正式) with some attention the following pages will have occasion to see that both operational and mental aspects of physics have their place, but that neither should be stressed to the exclusion of the oth
33、er.读者如果略微仔细地阅读以下几页就会有理由认为，实验操作和思维在物理学中都具有一定的地位，因而不能强调一方而忽略另一方。16. The public is unhappy about the way society is going, and its view, fueled in part by the agendists and the media, seems to be that judicial (司法的)decisions unacceptable to them, regardless of the evidence or the law, will slow or chan
34、ge social directions.公众对社会发展的前景不乐观，在议事人士和新闻媒体的某种鼓动下，公众的观点似乎是：不管证据或法律，司法判决对他们来说是不可接受的，这些判决将会延缓或者改变社会走向。17. But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as a pinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish(痛苦) an
35、d travail(辛苦 ), among whom is already that one who will some day stand here where I am standing.我愿意利用这个时刻，利用这个举世瞩目的讲坛，向那些听到我讲话并已献身同一艰苦劳动的男女青年致敬。他们当中肯定有人迟早也会站到我现在所站的地方。雅思阅读经典长难句 100 句1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which
36、 consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.参考译文 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual con
37、sumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.参考译文 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。3.
38、 If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.参考译文 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消
39、 费者购买产品。4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.参考译文 在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其
40、他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位) 自由签定合同的权利。5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.参考译文 同时这
41、些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.参考译文 不计其数的其他商
42、业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.参考译文 残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人
43、后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.参考译文 在过去的 30 年中，公共教育中显示
44、的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.参考译文 它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以(使公司)
45、建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.参考译文 除去议会有 27 件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。11. If i
46、ts message were confined merely to information and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive-advertising wound be so boring that no one wound pay any attention.参考译文 如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就广告而言，如果这不是完全不可能达
47、到的，也是非常难做的，因为即便是一个诸如衬衫的颜色的选择这样的细节都会具有微妙的说服意味，那么广告就会如此地乏味以至于没有人 会关注它。12. The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for there efforts.参考译文 得到了升迁的工人们，成绩进步的学生，学会了一门新语言的外
48、国人一 一这些都是那些有可衡量的结果宋显示其努力的人们的例证。13. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and r
49、eliable.参考译文 随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区，离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭关系，非正式的信息流动被切断了，随之而去的是对在需要时能获得可靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。14. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time-consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.参考译文 现在每个人能够得到的信息比任何时代的人都多，而找到与他/她的特定问题相关的那一点信息的任务不仅复杂、耗时，有时甚至令人难以招架 。15. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the
