1、现在分词和动名词的区别动名词和现在分词:都由动词变化而来,仍然具有动词的性质和原义,但不能做动词使用。两者的区别主要表现在:1. ing 在句中作定语,它可能是现在分词,也可能是动名词动名词作定语时:说明被修饰的名词的用途(可以用“use for +动名词”这个结构代替) ,它和所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系;现在分词作定语时:表示它所修饰的名词的行为,和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系(可以扩展为定语从句) ;还有一种区别方法是:如果 ing 形式相当于一个名词,可以与主语交换位置,它就是动名词;如果 ing 形式相当于形容词,不能与主语交换位置,它就是现在分词。a sleeping ca
2、r = a car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢(sleeping 此处为动名词) ;a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子(sleeping此处为现在分词)2. 动名词具有名词的性质:(1)可以和名词一样有冠词或 this、some 等形容词A knocking at the door was heard.(2)可以和名词一样有所有格、复数形式He enjoys reading for readings sake, not for scholarship.He is so busy that I cannot
3、keep track of all his comings and goings.(3)可以带所有格以表明动作者Please excuse my coming late.3. “动名词+名词”和“现在分词+名词”的读音不同“动名词+名词”的重音在“动名词”上(a sleeping suit)“现在分词+名词”的重音在“名词”上(a sleeping child)4. 动名词用法的特殊情况No+动名词用于简短的禁令或禁律No smoking=Dont do=Dont smoke.There is no+-ing( 是不可能的)= It is impossible to= No one can (
4、or We cannot)There is no telling when lasting peace will come. 谁也不知道永久的和平何时到来Never (or not) without + -ing (每次都)= wheneverHe never comes without bringing some present.It goes without saying that(是不用说的) = It is needless to say thatIt goes without saying that no animal can live without breathing.Do+动名
5、词(做需要若干时间或一再重复的事情) ,动名词之前都由 the、所有格或 some/a little/much/a lot of 之类的形容词Do you do much fishing?On (or upon)+动名词(当, 一就)=when (or as soon as)+S.+V.Of ones own+动名词(自己的)= -ed by oneselfHe showed me a picture of his own painting.Make a point of+动名词(必定,重视)= make it a point toHe makes a point of calling on me on New Years Day.Be on (or upon) the point of + 动名词(正要)= be just about to5. 如果 ing 形式在句中充当状语和补语,那么它一定是现在分词;如果 ing 形式在句中充当主语、宾语、同位语,那么它一定是动名词。