1、 2011 BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF USE: BY ACCEPTING THIS DOCUMENT, THE RECIPIENT AGREES THAT THE DOCUMENT TOGETHER WITH ALL INFORMATION INCLUDED THEREIN IS THE CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PROPERTY OF BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED AND INCLUDES VALUABLE TRADE S
2、ECRETS AND/OR PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BAKER HUGHES (COLLECTIVELY “INFORMATION“). BAKER HUGHES RETAINS ALL RIGHTS UNDER COPYRIGHT LAWS AND TRADE SECRET LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND OTHER COUNTRIES. THE RECIPIENT FURTHER AGREES THAT THE DOCUMENT MAY NOT BE DISTRIBUTED, TRANSMITTED, COPI
3、ED OR REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, OR OTHERWISE, WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF BAKER HUGHES, AND MAY NOT BE USED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN ANY WAY DETRIMENTAL TO BAKER HUGHES INTEREST. Baker Hughes Drilling Service An Xiaoxuan (Casey) Geologist
4、Beijing May. 2013 StarTrak High-Definition Resistivity Imaging StarTrak tool architecture Dump Port Sensor Sensor Sleeve Stabilizer 8 3/8“ Electronics (covered by sleeve) Magnetometer T2-Connection T2-Connection 2012 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Features - The High Res. Camera Sin
5、gle sensor on a rotating collar High resolution 120 sectors memory 16/32/64 sectors real-time 360 deg borehole coverage Highly focused Laterolog device Use in any water based mud Use LATIDRILL HPWBM instead of OBM save money & produce more Designed for drilling broad range of RPM and ROP Vibration,
6、stick-slip tolerant 2012 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Specifications Tool sizes: 6 ”, and 4 ” Borehole size range: 5 ” 9 ” Tool Length & sensor offset: 6 ” A=8.3 B=3.7 4 ” A=9.8 B=5.6 Temperature rating = 302F (150C) Pressure rating = 25,000 psi Borehole coverage: 360 Quantity of
7、azimuthal sectors: 120 memory 16/32/64 real-time Pixel resolution: x Mud resistivity: 0.02 60 ohm-m Measurement range: 0.2 2000 ohm-m Memory Acquisition Sampling Rate: 0.5 s Memory sizes: 6 : 384 Mb, 194 hours 4 : 4 GB, 2000 hours StarTrak Data Sheet 2012 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserv
8、ed. The Advanced LWD Imaging BHA An advanced LWD BHA allows to maximize clients formation evaluation in a single pass. Both Realtime resistivity image and memory image available. BCPM StarTrak Flex Stab Steering Unit OnTrak CCN ORD Stop Sub Inclination 1.0m (3.1ft) Resistivity image 6.0m (19.8 ft) E
9、CD 7.8m (25.8 ft) Gamma 8.1m (26.5ft) MPR 9.3m (30.6ft) Directional 9.3m (36.4ft) Density 20.1m (66.1 ft) Neutron 22.9m (75 ft) Caliper 20.8m (68.3 ft) 2012 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. High Definition Electrical Imaging StarTrak Por
10、osity & Imaging Formation Pressure Testing Acoustics Resistivity Gamma & Imaging LWD Magnetic Resonance Structural (natural fault & fracture) and sedimentological interpretation using high definition electrical images (High Resolution=0.25”) Complete reservoir picture with 100% borehole coverage Com
11、pletion program optimization efficient Frac operations Optimized wellbore positioning with sedimentary steering (reservoir navigation) Identification of breakout and Induced Fractures (Geomechanical analysis) Working well in Stick slip environment Real time image High Definition Electrical Imaging C
12、ompletion program optimization Fault & Fracture analysis Better perforation distribution Frac efficiency Real-time Reservoir Navigation Geosteering Bed orientation (accurate bed dips to geosteer) Stay in the best part of the reservoir See wellbore instability in time to react to it Geomechanical ind
13、icators Understanding near well bore stresses Reservoir Characterization Structural analysis & interpretation Sedimentological analysis (model the reservoir) Thin-bed analysis Core-image log integration and calibration Value to Clients Examples Industry-leading LWD images technology Highest resoluti
14、on LWD images in the industry Works well in moderate stick/slip conditions Provide geological and petrophysical insights BHI StarTrak Other company 3 meters CORE (Limited Coverage) 3D SEISMIC (Limited Resolution) 0.1 mm 1 mm 1 cm 10 cm 1 m 10 m 100 m 1 km 10 km bioturbation ripples pedogenesis cross
15、-bedded sets soft sediment deformation scours/erosion surfaces grain size/bed thickness trends bedforms/bar complexes slumps channels delta lobes clinoforms channel lags BOREHOLE IMAGES Scale: where do images fit? fractures faults 2012 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. LWD Imaging Reso
16、lution OnTrak Gamma Image LithoTrakDensity Image StarTrak Electrical Image Faulted clastics, OK, USA WL static normalised CORE Fault LWD static normalised LWD dynamic normalised Fracture Wireline VS LWD Borehole Image interpretation Structural Analysis (Fault and Fracture identification) Fracture an
17、d Fault characterisation Description Distribution Orientation Density Spacing In-situ stress (Also need other data) Borehole breakout Drilling-induced tension fractures Structural dip determination Bedding Unconformities Faults (sub-seismic/seismic) Comparison with surface seismic / dynamic data / c
18、ore 2011 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 13 StarTrak Natural vs Drilling Induced Fractures Faults and fracture identification Angle Strike ideal well placement, effectively drain the reservoir Borehole Stability & Geomechanics In-situ stress analysis Sanding potential predictions Per
19、foration selection Pore pressure prediction Hydraulic fracture modeling Detailed Structural Analysis Sedimentological Interpretation Orientation of bedding features Identification of bedding features (e.g. x-bedding, erosion surface). Sediment dispersal. Bedform geometry. Sandstone body geometry and
20、 orientation. Facies analysis Core calibration. Description of image facies. Calibration of electrofacies. Environmental interpretation. Sequence stratigraphy. Rock typing. Reservoir quality. Facies or reservoir quality extrapolation to uncored wells. Rootlets Depth (ft) Calcrete Sedimentary texture
21、 identification laminated Paleotransport and Bedding Hierarchies It went thataway Photo: Andy Duncan N Application of Image analysis Case History 1 StarTrak Optimize Completions in Barnett Shale Drilled between two 600-ft offset wells. This data was processed and an image interpretation LWD images h
22、ave been used over 300 lateral wells in Barnett shale until 2012. Improved well production up to 20% We have run 500 StarTrak in unconventional shale plays with the main purpose to help optimize completions Hydraulically induced fractures Longitudinal fractures Natural fractures Copyright Baker Hugh
23、es Inc. 2007 Wellbore Placement Case history 2D cross section with actual and planned wellpath, based on client geological model, with gamma ray model versus actual Prediction of image geometry based on wellpath and bedding dip StarTrak RT image Density RT image Modelled resistivity from offset well data Actual resistivity response while drilling Up/down density plot Thank You for listening 2013 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
