1、 3 Z 3 5 *韩秋影1, 2 null 黄小平1* * null 施null 平1( 1中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境动力学重点实验室, 广州 510301; 2 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039)Knull1null 随着经济的快速发展,中国海洋生态资源破坏日趋严重b开展海洋生态资源生态补偿研究有利于利用经济的手段解决海洋生态资源面临的问题,在目前中国自然资源生态补偿方面的研究薄弱,海洋生态资源生态补偿研究缺乏的情况下,本文也是对生态补偿研究领域的拓展b本文详细分析了海洋生态资源生态补偿的利益相关者分析a补偿强度和补偿途径 3个基本问题;指出了海洋生态资源生态补偿包括经济
2、补偿a资源补偿和生境补偿b提出了海洋生态资源生态补偿的未来研究方向:海洋生态资源价值评估,海洋生态资源生态补偿的基本理论问题,以及海洋生态资源生态补偿的实证研究等b1oMnull 海洋生态资源; 生态补偿; 利益相关者分析; 补偿强度; 补偿途径ms |null P745nullDS M null AnullcI|null 1000- 4890( 2007)01- 0126- 05Ecological compensation and its application inmarine ecological resources management.HAN Q iu-ying1, 2, HUAN
3、G Xiao-ping1, SH I Ping1 (1K ey Laboratory of TropicalMarine Environ-mentalDynamics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Guang-zhou 510301, China; 2GraduateUniversity ofChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chi-na). Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007, 26( 1): 126
4、- 130.Abstract: W ith the rapid developm entof economy, marine ecological resources are destroyed se-riously inChina, while the study of their ecologicalcompensation is advantageous to theirmanage-men.t Considering of the weakness in studying the ecological compensation of nature resources,and the d
5、eficiency of the studies on ecological compensation ofmarine ecological resources inChina, this paper analyzed the basic issues ofmarine ecologicalcompensation, i. e. , stakeholderanalysis, compensation standard, and compensation approach, whichwould be helpful in exten-ding the research field on ec
6、ological compensation. Itwas pointed out that ecological compensa-tion ofm arine ecological resources should include econom ic compensation, resources compensa-tion, and habitat compensation. The research directions on marine ecologicalcompensation wereput forward, including the value evaluation ofm
7、arine ecological resources, and the theoreticaland case studies on their ecological compensation.Key words: marine ecological resources; ecological compensation; stakeholder analysis; com-pensation standard; compensation approach.*S S M7 “( KSCZ2-SW-132) S? / o( UNEP /GEF ) “( UNEP /GEF /SCS/Chi/M o
8、U 2c)b* *YTE-mai:l xphuang scsio. ac. cnl : 2006-03-07null null s : 2006-09-041nullnullZ 3 4 3 , o 3 “d1Fs,9 V?Z$b 7? ZV, M, 3? 4 e ,Z 3 h,Z 3 % ( , 2003)b ,zZ(6 +, 2006)bn 9 2Z,# b “ -S 1“ a 3 Z (:, 2002;, 2003;, 2003; / , 2004)b1 V( 2003)V u|B 3 ,)|B 3 5b 6 ),i # 3bSZ 3 bCowell( 2003) 2: VFZ95 )bE
9、lliottCutts( 2004) Z3 Vs6a 3b1Z5 S =i,1“Z5 Ca5# en Z (, 2002; a W, 2003; , 2006), S 8“b “ -1Z 3 S Bt),2( 2004)4 |ZTB 5 8n L , t( 2005)4 ZZ 7?a Pn ZE,ZE ZN9 T, “ , i4 vb8 ,S 3 m ,1 3 ma4 Ll bS =1“E?a T ,7 O 3 1 I ny , mM1Za 3 LCQ# 3 oZ Sb3null 3 Z 3 5 53null1null mM1s BrysonCrosby( 1992)l, mM1 sBq Yy
10、TY a“vFb mM1s YV +a= “Z w1o mM1 ZE(Cuperus et al. , 1999; M cLeod, 2000)bZ Z 8 aZ bW8Z81 #Z 3 a Z_M 4# T6+, % Z 3 1127b l: 3 Z 3 5 d 3 mM1b B u ,9WYZZ 3 ?Z; B uZ V ? uZ ! byN, BZ 7? mM1 H 85 8s,1 /+Z :1) n5 I nZ 3 6Nb Z 3 N Z 3 -4,MZ 3 N8 mM1b2) Z 3 S D 1bZ 3 ,vgi“ 3 , f bT5 , b HZ 3 s9b3)1 s I nZ 3
11、 7? M1W mM1b BZZ,Zy Z u, P5V YZ1_, 2005)b I n “ - L= 6 s ? ,Z 3 6S 4B,7 OZ 3 3 armNN9 49 , 5|y ,6 t. 2005.Za 7? Pn ).SZv( S), ( 2): 14- 17._, , 0. 2005.iE6 N). 3 6, ( 4): 36- 38. i . 2006. 8 Bv “.,( 5): 60. ,a W. 2003.zZZ5 # e.Z7?5 , ( 2): 64- 70.null +,f, 2,. 2005.S 3 O. S, 18(2): 1- 8. o . 2004.SZ
12、5 #T., ( 2): 10-11.null2, ,. 2004.1Z 5 .Z S, 23(2): 47- 50.null, X ,. 2003.V u|B 3 . jh 3 , 19(4): 10- 13. . 2000.Z9b C#.S, ( 1): 21- 22.,null. 2003. 3 rm.S , ( 3): 19- 20. 3, nullr,null . 2004.1 N # .: 1- 23.f2;,1null, = ,. 2002.zZZ 7? .1 , 17( 6): 768- 775.f,nullo. 2006. S 7?y !C -., ( 1): 24- 26.
13、null:,fnull ;, A . 2002.|B 3 .S gnull, 12( 4): 46- 50.Bryson JM, Crosby BC. 1992. Leadership for the CommonGood: Tackling Public Problems in a Shared-PowerW orld.San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.CowellR. 2003. Substitution and scalar politics: Negotiatingenvironmental compensation inCardiffBay. Geoforum,
14、34:343- 358.Cuperus R, CantersKJ, Udo deHaesHA, et al. 1999. Guide-lines for ecological compensation associatedw ith highways.BiologicalConservation, 90: 41- 51.ElliottM, Cutts ND. 2004. M arine habitats: Loss and gain,mitigation and compensation. M arine Pollution Bulletin,49: 671- 674.Gouyon A. 20
15、03. Rewarding theUpland Poor for EnvironmentalServices: A Review of Initiatives from Developed Coun-tries, Bogor. Indonesia: Southeast Asia Regional Office,W orldAgroforestry Centre ( ICRAF).Johst K, Drechsler M, Wnulltzold F. 2002. An ecologica-l eco-nom ic modelling procedure to design compensatio
16、n pay-ments for the efficient spatio-temporal allocation of speciesprotectionmeasures. EcologicalEconom ics, 41: 37- 49.M cDanielsTL, TrousdaleW. 2005. Resource compensation andnegotiation support in an aboriginal context: Using commu-nity-based mult-i attribute analysis to evaluate non-marketloss.
17、EcologicalEconomics, 55: 173- 186.M cLeodH. 2000. Compensation for landowners affected by min-eraldevelopment: The Fijian experience. ResourcesPolicy,26: 115- 125.M urray BC, Abt RC. 2001. Estimating price compensation re-quirements for eco-certified forestry. EcologicalEconomics,36: 149- 163.Tenullb l, o, 1980 M 3,p V 3b1V YZ5 bE-mai:l hanqying scsio. ac. cn3 I null X130 null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null null 3 null26 null1 null
