1、工作用语第一部分工具 toolscrew driver 改锥 cross point screw driver 十字改锥 Double end spanner 双头呆板手 spanner 扳手 inner hexagon wrench 内六角扳手 box spanner 套筒 pinchers 鉗子 pliers 夹钳 slip joint pliers 鲤鱼钳 edge file 刃用锉刀 nose angle 刀角 file 锉刀 hammer 锤 metal saw 金属用鋸 plug 柱塞头 square 直角尺 ruler 尺子 compass 圆规 tool post 刀架 kni
2、fe 刀 fork lifter 叉车 oil gun 油枪 jack 千斤頂 kit 工具箱 oil 机油 diesel fuel oil 柴油、燃油 lubrication grease 润滑油 electricity 电 压力pressure 单位 unit ：牛顿 Newton 升 Liter 瓦特 W 小时 Hour 分钟Min 秒 second 米 M 伏 Voltage 度 degree 公里（千米）KM kilometer 帕 Pa 千克（公斤） Kg kilogram 请把那个十字改锥递给我.Please hand me that cross-point screwdrive
3、r.王师傅用 18 号的套筒卸下了那个螺栓.Mr. Wang removes bolt with box spanner 他应该先用锉把铁板打磨平了再使用.He should burnish the iron plate with file then use it.这个部件用鲤鱼钳是安装不上的.Slip joint pliers cant fix the part.你猜班长那里会有这种扳手吗?Can you guess our monitor has the spinner?小李每天都用这把油枪润滑轴承. Mr. Li lubricates bears with this oil gun.第二
4、部分拖拉机技术参数 technical parameters 发动机 engine 机型 model 发动机牌子和气缸数 brand and cylinder 油箱容量 capacity of fuel tank 额定功率 rated power 额定时速 rated speed 动力输出 PTO 最大牵引力 max. towing force 油泵 oil pump 输出功率 output power 性能 performance 变速箱 gearbox种类 type 档位 gearshift 离合 clutch 液压 hydraulic 一般参数 general specification
5、 轴距 wheelbase 前轮距 front track 后轮距 rear track 间隙 clearance 转弯半径 turning radius 配重 ballast 方向盘 steering 制动和控制 brake and control 装置和工具 device and implement 犁 plough 铲 hoe 割草机 straw cutter 拖车 farm trailer 耙 harrow seeder听说潍柴的发动机性能还不错。I hare that WEICHAI engine performance is quite well.这台柴油机的额定功率是This d
6、iesel engines rated power is 120kw.有六个气缸。There are 6 cylinders. 变速箱里有好多齿轮和轴承。There are many gears and shafts.一般情况下后轮距布前轮距大 Generally, rear track is bigger than front track.80 拖拉机的转弯半径是 3600mm-4000mm。Turning radius of 80tractor is 3600mm-4000mm.这台拖拉机能安装割草机。The tractor can be fitted with straw cutter.
7、第三部分拖拉机标准件 standard parts1. 螺栓 bolt (没有螺丝的也可以, 门叉 )螺纹 thread 平垫圈 plain washer 螺母 nut 限位螺钉 dowel screw 限位螺栓 check bolt 六头角螺栓 hexagon head bolt 调整螺钉 adjusting screw 调节螺杆 adjusting threaded rod 螺栓 螺塞 screw plug 双头螺柱 double end stud 圆螺母 round nut 空心螺栓 hollow bolt 2. 开口销 pin 圆柱销 parallel pin 销轴 clevis pi
8、n with head 摆销 swing pin 定位销 dowel pin 牵引销 hitch pin 弹簧锁销 spring locking pin 弹性锁销 elastic locking pin 联锁销 snap pin 互锁销mutual interlocked pin 滚针 needle roller3. 橡胶垫快橡胶塞 rubber plug 垫圈垫片 washer 衬套 bush 橡胶垫rubber mattress 油封 oil sealing 垫环 cushion ring 调整 adjusting washer 锁片 locking washer O 形密封圈 O-sea
9、l ring 油封环 oil seal ring 止推垫圈 thrust washer 塞片 shim 垫 gasket 弹簧垫片single coil spring lock washer 弹簧 spring 蝶形弹簧 disk spring 扭簧 torsion spring 限位座 gag seat 固定座 fix seat 夹子 clip 接头 joint 主销球铰副 ball articulation 油杯 oil cup 装配时请不要浪费标准件。While installing, please do not waste standard parts.小张，我这儿的螺母没有了，请你抓
10、紧给我送来一些。Mr. Zhang, there is no nuts. Please give me some of them.空心螺栓容易坏。Hollow bolt tends to be broken.拉簧断了。The spring is cut-off.那个开口销还能用吗？Can that pin be used again?漏油了，应该换一个新的油封。There is oil leakage. We should change the old oil sealing with a new one.圆柱销安装得方向是错误的。The installing direction of par
11、allel pin is wrong.第四部分拖拉机部件 tractor parts 空气滤清器 air filter 烟囱chimney 冷却系总成 cooling system assembly 散热器 radiator 拉杆焊合 rod weldment 胶管 water hose 发动机纵机构总成 control mechanism assembly of the engine 油门支架 throttle bracket 手油门拉线支架 bracket for hand throttle wire 脚油门拉线支架 bracket for foot throttle wire 脚踏板 f
12、oot petal 离合器总成 clutch assembly 摩擦片 wearing plate 主动轮 driving wheel 从动轮 driven wheel 盖 cover 分离杠杆 release rod 座 housingseat 轴承座 bearing housing 拨叉 shifting fork 主离合器 main clutch 副离合器 auxiliary clutch 衬套 bush 副离合摇臂轴焊合 rocker shaft weldment auxiliary clutch 限位座 gag seat排气系统总成 exhaust tube assembly 消声器
13、 muffler 排气管 exhaust pipe 空气滤清器脏了,我们应该清洗一下它.The air filter is dirty. We should clean it.离合器里面有分离杠杆.Release lever is in the clutch.摩擦片是固定在盘上的.Friction is fixed on the plate.排气系统是由消声器和排气管组成的.Exhaust system is composed of muffler and exhaust pipe. 散热器里全是水.Radiator is full of water.蓄电池支架总成 battery mount
14、ing bracket assembly 前桥总成 front axle assembly 转向油缸 steering hydraulic cylinder 滚动轴承 rolling bearing 轴承盖 bearing cover 前轮毂 front hub 副套管焊接总成 auxiliary sleeve welding assembly 锥传动支座瓦盖 shell, bevel gear driving support 万向传动轴 universal driving shaft 前驱动桥壳体 front driving axle case 调整垫片 adjusting shim 辐板
15、web 调整螺母锁locking piece, adjusting nut 差速器 differential 行星齿轮 planet pinion gear 行星架 planet carrier 太阳轮 sun gear 花键 spline 导向轮总成 steering wheel n assembly 外胎 cover tire 内胎 inner tube 轮辋 rim 变速箱 gear box 输入轴 input shaft 油封 oil sealing 动力输出 PTO 啮合套 engaging sleeve 啮合齿座 gear seat 中间轴端盖 middle shaft cover
16、 滚动轴承 rolling bearing 接合套 union cup 变速操纵手柄 gearshift lever 变速杆 gearshift lever 油标尺 oil dipstick I-II 档拨叉轴 shift fork for 1 st and 2nd gear 倒档拨叉 shift fork, reverse 副变速拨叉 shift rod, auxiliary gearshift 变速箱壳体 gearbox case 后桥总成 rear axle assembly行星齿轮 planet gear 锁片 locking washer 半轴齿轮 semi axle gear 后桥
17、箱体 rear axle housing 差速锁 differential 差速锁操纵杆differential control lever 差速锁拨叉 differential fork 差速锁啮合套 meshing sleeve, differential 箱盖 box cover 差速锁位于桥的中间位置.Differential is in the middle of axle.转向油缸里有压力油.There is pressure oil in the steering cylinder.变速箱是拖拉机的传动模块.Gearbox is the transmission module o
18、f tractor.所有的档位变换是在变速箱里实现完成的.All gearshifts are realized in the gearbox.前后桥上都安装了制动机构.Front axle and rear axle are equipped with brake installation.后桥比前桥的结构复杂.Structure of rear axle is more complex than that of front axle.最终传动总成 final transmission assembly 半轴壳 housing of semi axle 滚动轴承 rolling bearin
19、g 行星架 planet carrier 最终传动齿圈 ring gear of final transmission 驱动轴焊合件 driving wheel shaft weldment 全液压转向总成 转向盘 steering 座 喇叭电刷 seat, horn brush 转向管柱 steering column 软管 hose 回油管 return oil pipe 恒流泵 constant overflow pump 支架 bracket 动力输出总成 PTO assembly 轴承盖 bearing cover 轴承座 bearing housing 双联齿轮 twin gear
20、 操纵杆 control rod 动力输出轴 PTO shaft 分动箱总成 transfer case assembly 隔套 spacer bush 花键套 hub spline bush 外内护套焊合 outerinner guard bush weldment 中间传动轴 middle transmission shaft制动系统总成 brake system assembly 手柄 handle 手操纵杆 hand control rod 制动器缸体 brake cylinder block 活塞 piston 摩擦片 friction 阀体 valve 制动泵 brake pump
21、 进油，出油 inlet, outlet 钢球 steel ball 踏板 pedal 空气压缩机 air compressor 行星齿轮安装在行星架里面.Planet gear is installed in the planet carrier.方向盘位于驾驶室的中间靠前方.Steering is in front middle of a cab.转向系统里有个恒流泵.Steering system include constant overflow pump. 动力输出简称 PTO.Power take off is short for PTO 前桥的动力是由分动箱从变速箱里传出来的.T
22、ransfer case transports power from gearbox to front axle.制动是通过司机踩脚踏板来实现的.Brake function can realize by driver treating pedal.司机座位总成 drivers seat assembly 驾驶室总成 drivers cab assembly 顶盖 cab roof 镜子 mirror 气弹簧 pneumatic spring 底座 base rest 仪表板 panel 脚蹬 foot lever 发动机罩总成 bonnet assembly 加油口 oil filling
23、hole 机罩板 plate 机罩拉手 handle of bonnet 罩上支架 upper bracket 机罩前板 front bonnet plate 电气系统总成 electrical system assembly 组合仪表 combination instrument 点火锁 ignition lock 线束 wire 报警器 alarm 表 meter 传感器 sensor 电池 battery 喇叭 horn 空调 air conditioner 风扇 fan 灯 lamplight 继电器 relay 保险丝 fuse 提升器总成 lifter assembly 压板 pr
24、essure plate 举臂 lifting arm 呼吸器滤芯 breather element 安全阀 safety valve TD80 拖拉机的座位很舒适.Drivers seat of TD 80 tractor is very comfortable驾驶室里也相当豪华.Cab is also quite luxury.出口的拖拉机驾驶室一般是红色的.Generally, tractor cab for export is red.司机应该小心使用驾驶室里的各种开关.Driver should use all switches in cab carefully. 气弹簧的弹力很大.
25、Pneumatic spring has strong elasticity.安装仪表台并不是一件很容易的工作.It is not easy to install the instrument.驾驶拖拉机时要及时检查仪表盘上的各个指针.While driving tractors, please check all fingers on instrument in time.21.悬挂机构总成 suspension mechanism assembly 分配器总成 distributor assembly 油泵油管和滤油器 oil pumppipe filter assembly 多路阀油泵
26、multi-way valve oil pump悬挂机构上可以安装工作装置.Suspension mechanism can be equipped working device. 第五部分拖拉机故障排除 troubleshooting 常用词语 useful expressions 装配 install 维修 repair 更换 replace 检查 check 判断 judge 拆装 detach 试验 try 发动 start 熄火 extinguish 停止 stop 开关 switch turn onoff 前进 forward 倒车 reverse 分析 analyze 加油 fi
27、ll oil 加水 refill water 拧紧 tighten 松动 loosen 上螺丝 put on and tighten 卸螺丝 loosen 举起 lift 放下 put down 堵住 be blocked 生锈 rustiness 没有气压 no pressure 清洗 clean 调整 adjust故障 trouble problem 问题 defective problem 漏油 oil leakage 挂不上挡 cant put on the gear 毛病 have something wrong 短路 short circuit 断路 circuit be cut
28、off 断了 cut down 脏了 dirty拖拉机维护和故障排除Tractor maintenance and troubleshooting engine sump 发动机油箱 Check oil level.检查液面高度。oil air filter 空气滤清器 Check liquidwater level.检查液面高度。hydraulic steering oil tank 液压转向油缸radiator(water tank)散热器（水箱）water pump shaft of engine 发动机水泵轴Refill lubricant grease. 注润滑油。injector
29、pump 喷油泵 brake oil tank 制动器油箱rear wheel hub 后轮毂 main clutch 主离合器 Adjust free distance.调整自由行程。auxiliary clutch 副离合器 foot brake 脚制动All above (1-12) checking must be made each shift.以上的检查周期是每次换档间隔时间。fans belt 风扇胶带 Check its tension. 检查张紧度。steering oil cylinder 转向油缸 front shaft pin sleeve 前轴注销套管front dr
30、iving axle sway lightly 前桥摆轴front axle central sway pin sleeve 前轴中央摆销套管diesel oil filter 柴油滤清器 Replace the filter core.更换滤芯。Spin-on oil filter 旋装式机油滤清器 Replace the filter.更换滤清器。lifter oil filter 提升器机油滤清器 Clean or replace the filter core.清洗或更换滤芯。injector pump 喷油泵 Refill lubrication oil. 注润滑油。engine s
31、ump 发动机油底壳 oil air filter basin 油浴式空气滤清器油盆Maintain and clean it. 保养，清洗。All above (13-23) checking must be made every 200h.以上的检查周期是 200 小时。transmission system and lifter 传动系统及提升器Check oil level. lev()l检查油面高度。parking brake 停车制动器 Adjust free distance.检查自由行程。front wheel 前轮main clutch pedal hub 主离合器踏板毂 a
32、uxiliary clutch pedal hub副离合器踏板毂 brake pedal hub 制动踏板毂front axle central transmission 前驱动桥中央传动Check oil level.检查油面高度。front axle chief pin oil cup 前驱动桥主销油杯 front axle end transmission 前驱动桥末端传动hydraulic steering oil tank lifter 液压转向油箱滤清器Clean and maintain.清洗，保养。All above (24-33) checking must be made
33、each 400h.以上检查周期是 400 小时。hydraulic steering oil tank 液压转向油箱 fuel tank 燃油箱engine inlet outlet valves 发动机进排气门Adjust clearance of valves.调整气门间隙。injector pump 喷油泵Adjust oil injection pressure.调整喷油压力。Transmission system and lifter 传动器及提升器Replace lubrication oil.更换润滑油。All above checking (34-38) must be ma
34、de every800h.以上检查的周期是 800 小时。Engine cooling system 发动机冷却系统cooling system of engine with coolant 采用防冻液发动的发动机冷却系统 Replace coolant.更换防冻液。front axle bevel transmission 前驱动器中央传动front axle and transmission 前驱动桥末端传动All above checking (39-42) must be made every1600h.以上检查的周期是 1600 小时。第六部分装载机结构 loader structu
35、re 外观 appearance 前驾 front frame 后驾 rear frame 前轮 front wheel 后轮 rear wheel 铲斗 bucket 动臂 boom 摇臂 rocker 铲斗油缸 bucket-cylinder 动臂油缸 boom-cylinder 驾驶室 cab 梯子 staircase 燃油箱 fuel tank 机罩 engine housing 电池 battery动力系统 power system 超强动力 superior power：铭牌 brand: 潍柴Weichai 卡特比勒 Caterpillar 康明斯 Cummins 发动机型号 m
36、odel (WP12.50) 形式 type (water-cooled, 4-stroke, turbocharged and inter-cooled) 排量 displacement 缸径和冲程 bore * stroke 额定功率 rated power 额定转速 rated speed 最大扭矩 max. torque 交流发电机 alternator 燃油耗 fuel consumption 气缸 cylinder 曲轴 crankshaft 连杆 connecting rod 传动系统 transmission system 电控 ZF 变速箱 electrical contro
37、lled ZF gearboxZF 4WG200 系列的变速箱提供了自动舒适的换档装置。ZF 4WG200 provides automatic and soft shift in direction and speed.4 进 3 退 7 档使整机灵活适应频繁的换档操纵。Four forward and three reverse gears can suit frequent change during operation.变速箱 gearbox 变矩器 torque converter 泵轮 pump wheel 涡轮 turbine wheel 导轮 stator 传动轴 transm
38、ission shaft 工作泵 working pump 输出 output 输入 input 高低档 high-low speed 前进档 forward gear 倒退档 reverse gear 前进档 1 F1 后退档 2 R2 档位 gearspeed 换档 gearshift 电控系统 electrical control system 电磁阀 solenoid valves 传感器 sensor 阀 valve 全阀 safety valve 控制阀 control valve 车架，桥 frame , axle 前车架 front frame 后车架 rear frame 辅
39、助车架 sub-frame 动臂缸销 boom cylinder pin 转斗缸销 bucket cylinder pin 转向缸销 steering cylinder pin 传动轴 transmission shaft 美驰桥 Meritor axles 力气大 & 性能可靠 strong & reliable performance 前桥 front axle 后桥 rear axle 工作装置 working device 动臂 boom 摇臂 rocker 拉杆 pull rod 铲斗 bucket (草 hay-handler 木 log fork 标准 standard buck
40、et 石料 rock bucket )齿体 teeth 动臂油缸 boom cylinder 铲斗油缸 bucket cylinder 斗量 bucket capacity 额定负荷 rated load 最大崛起力 max. breakout force 卸载距离 dump reach工作装置液压系统 working device hydraulic system 工作泵 working pump 多路阀 multi-way valve 动臂油缸 boom cylinder 转斗油缸 bucket cylinder 分配阀 distributor valve 先导阀 pilot valve
41、压力选择阀 pressure selection valve 过载阀 over load valve 主安全阀 main safety valve 转向系统 steering system 转向油缸 steering cylinder 转向器 steering gear 优先阀 priority valve 转向油泵 steering pump 流量方大阀 flow enlarging valve 选择阀 selection valve 制动系统 brake system 制动踏板 brake pedal 储气罐 air container 双回路安全阀 double circuit safe
42、ty valve 油水分离器 oil and water separator 加力泵 booster pump 制动盘 disc brake 手刹 parking brake 手柄 handle 电气系统 electrical system仪表盘 instrument panel 计时表 hour meter 水温表 water thermometer 油压表 oil pressure meter 电压表 voltage 电锁 electrical lock 灯开关 switch 档位手柄 gearshift lever 工作装置操纵手柄 working device operation le
43、ver 其它 other 安全驾驶室 safe cab 舒适安全的阿驾驶座 Comfortable and safety drivers space驾驶室空间大，视野宽阔，配有暖风，减震系统，而且装有防尘玻璃。The cab is with super large space and full view vision, dustproof, sound insulation, heat insulation, shock absorbing.可调节方向盘使司机驾驶舒适，减少疲劳。Adjusting steering wheel provides operator with comfort an
44、d minimal fatigue.配有先导控制的操纵系统。Pilot controlled joystick operation.人性化设计的座椅舒适而且灵活。Comfortable and adjustable sofa seat according to human engineering design统一装配了空调。Air conditioner is provided as standard.用户可预先要求装配厄瑞马空气座椅。Grammar air ride seat is provided as option.可选装的驾驶安全系统通过了 ISO9001: 2000 认证。Optio
45、nal RPOP|FOPS meets ISO9001: 2000.装有黄油集中润滑系统 Central grease lubrication system黄油集中润滑系统结构紧凑，质量上乘；工作周期长，降低机器维护成本并及时适量地日润滑机器。Optional central grease lubrication system constructed from material of high quality, guaranteeing a long service life, reduction of maintenance costs and disruption-free operati
46、on.快速换接装置 Quick coupler 快速换接装置为用户提供了多种工作装置的选择和使用。Quick coupler is provided as option with multi-choice of working tools.第七部分装载机故障排除 loader troubleshooting操作系统 operation system feature 特点Cant travel after start the engine. 开动发动机后不能前进行走。Reason 原因Engage no gear.没有挂挡。Too low level is in oil pan.油量少。Gear
47、shifts pump damages.变速泵坏了。Control valve stem cant return to original position.控制阀杆不能回位。Method 方法Put gearshift knob in desired position.把档位挂到所需要的位置。Refill oil to stipulated level.加油。Check and repair damaged pump or replace new pump.检查，维修或者换一个新泵。Detach and check distributor valve.拆开并检查分配阀。Feature 特点 O
48、verheat of transmission 传动箱过热。Reason 原因 Insufficient working oil is in transmission box.变速箱里油太少。Clutch plate slips.离合片打滑。Working time of continuous heavy load is too long.重载情况下连续长时间工作。Clutch plate is tight.离合片太紧。Method 方法 Refill oil.加油。Check oil pressure of clutch and piston oil sealing.检查离合器油压和活塞油封。Reduce load.减少负重。Check control past of clutch.检查离合器的控制部分。Feature 特点 Every gear cant be engaged. 每个档位都挂不上。Gearshift pressure is too low.变速压力太低。Gearshift control lever is failure.变速控制手柄失去作用。Main oil passage of control valve is blocked.控制阀的主油路堵塞。Method 方法 Check oil pressure.检查油压
