1、1考研英语词汇分类总结屠皓民 主讲1. 经“类economist 经 “学家public sector 公 n部 门 ,公 n成 分economic fluctuation 经 “动economic depression 经 “衰 退economic stability 经 “稳 定economic policy 经 “政 策holding company 控 股 公 司infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准 ,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力stagnation 停 ,萧条 ,不景气real estat
2、e 不动产 ,房地产investment 投资 ,资产investor 投资人cheque 支票 (美作 :check)cash 现金devaluation ( 货 币 ) 贬 e securities business 证券市场stock exchange 股票市场share 股份 ,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人 ,股东dividend 股息 ,红 bull market 牛市bear market 盯市interest 息rate of interest 率discount 贴现 ,斤甘allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴 ,补助金
3、,津贴income 收 l,收益yield 产呈duty 税tax-free 免税的retail 零售joint venture 合资企业budget 预算deficit 赤字monetary policy 货币政策inflation 通货膨胀consolidation 兼并contract 合同2enterprise (n.) 企 (事 )业单位，事业，事业心，进取心u 真 题 例 旬The important factor in a private enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive re
4、sources (private property) , and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit.revenue( n.)财 政 收 l， 税 收u 真 题 例 旬In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost.rebound( v.)跳 回 ；
5、回 生 ； ( n.)跳 回 ， 弹 回 ； 回 生 ， 回 复u 真 题 例 旬The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.revival( n.)苏 醒 ， 复 苏 ， 复 活 ； 复 兴 ， u行u 真 题 例 旬The trouble is
6、 that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.statistics( n.)统 计 (学 ) ； statistical( a.)统 计 的 ， 统 计 学 的u 真 题 例 旬The official statistics are mildly discouraging.af
7、filiate( n./v.)分 公 司 ,附 属 机 构 ； a附 属 于u 真 题 例 旬International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment.monopoly( n.)垄 断 ， 垄 断 者 ， 专 权 ， 专 事 业u 真 题 例 旬Any threat of monopoly , they argue, is removed by fierce competition from
8、trucks.fluctuation (n.) 动u 真 题 例 旬Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation , and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money.32.教育类president 大学校长dean 院长princip
9、al 中学校长register/enroll 登 记 、 报 到opening ceremony 开 学 r礼required course 必 d课optional/selective course 选 d课kindergarten 幼 i园 elementary education 初等教育 secondary education 中等教育 higher education 高等教育 graduate school 研 究 生 院 open university 夜大、函大 private school 私立学校 public school 公立学校 universal education
10、 普及教育postgraduate 研究生undergraduate 本科scholarship 奖学金credit system 学分制mark/score/grade 分数schedule=school timetable 课程表diploma=graduation certificate 毕业证书drop out 辍学expel sb from school 开除tuition 学费consultant 顾问application form 申请表presentation 针对某一专题发表的演讲semester 学期curriculum 课程exceptional (a. 反常的，有缺陷
11、的；杰出的，出类拔拔萃的； 1chil(r). 需要特殊照顾的 i童u 真 题 例 旬Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age.potential ( 潜 能 ， 潜 力 ， full 1最 大 的 潜 能 ； ( a.)潜 在 的 ， 可 能 的u 真 题 例 旬For these children to develop to their full adult potential , their education must be adapted to thos
12、e differences.discipline( n.)训 练 ， 磨 炼 ， 纪 律 ， 学 科4u 真 题 例 旬As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline , the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”term( n.)学 期 ， 期 限 ， 期 间 ； ( pl.) on equal s 以 平 等 的 地 位 ；
13、 in s of c据 ， 按 照 ， 用 措 辞u 真 题 例 旬Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them.conception (n.) 思 想 ， 观 念 ， 概 念 ； 构 思 ， 设 想 ； 怀 孕u 真 题 例 旬Rath
14、er, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is in- complete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself.intellectual ( n.)知 识 分 子u 真 题 例 旬The most thoroughly studies intellectual in the history of the New Wo
15、rld are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.literary (a. ) 文 学 的u 真 题 例 旬While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized.brains (n.) 智力u 真
16、题 例 旬4 So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,“Newman wrote.subject( n.)主 题 ， 科 目 ， 主 语 ； ( v.) ( to)a遭 受 ， a服 从 ； ( a.)易 遭 的 ， 受 支 配 的u 真 题 例 旬The Corporation will survive as a publicly-unded broadcasting organization, at least for the time
17、being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.unenlightened( a.)未 受 启 蒙 的 ， 愚 昧 无 知 的 ， 落 后 的 ； enlightened ( a.)开 明 的 ， 有 知 识 的 ， 文 明 的 ；enlightening( a.)有 启 迪 作 用 的 ； enlightenment( n.)u 真 题 例 旬A few have already appeared. The goal of all w
18、ill be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightenedcitizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.53. 社 会 媒 体 类press 媒体行业coverage 新闻报道issue 出版、发行newsstand 报摊mass media 大众媒体entertainment 娱乐journalism 新闻业journal 期刊exclusi
19、ve news 独家新闻workaholic 工作狂ambitious 雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的flow of personnel 人才 动competitive 竞争激烈的a fat salary 收 l颇丰a decent job 一份体面的工作chance of promotion 升迁机会kinship ( )亲 属 关 系u 真 题 例 旬Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and
20、families can use to track down kids put up for adoption.ancestor ( n.)祖 先u 真 题 例 旬When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didnt have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food.succession (n.) 继承，继任u 真 题 例 旬As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to
21、 shareholder pressure, executives who don3 t get the nod also may wish to move on.depart (v.) 离 职u 真 题 例 旬When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up.domestic (a.) 家庭的u 真 题 例 旬The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are expo
22、sed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.obligation (n.) 义务，责任6u 真 题 例 旬But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations , with few breaks, and feeling the strain.peer (n.)同辈u 真 题 例 旬A journal editor
23、 would then remove the authors3 names and affiliations from the paper and send it to theirpeers for review.recruit (v.) 招募u 真 题 例 旬In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.father (v.) 生
24、养 ， f.的 父 亲u 真 题 例 旬They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.retiree (n.) 退休人员u 真 题 例 旬For much of the past year. President Bush campaigned to move Social Securit
25、y to a savings-account model， with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.divisive (a.) 引起分歧的；引起争议的u 真 题 例 旬Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America?turbulent ( a.)动 荡 的 ； ”乱 的u 真 题 例 旬But particularly when vie
26、wed against America3 s turbulent past, today3 s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.resident ( n.)居 民u 真 题 例 旬The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue.humanity (n.) 人 (总 称 ), 人 类 ; 人 性 ， 普 通 人 具 有 的 特 性 ; 仁 慈 ， 博 爱 ， 同 情 心
27、; 用 复 数 人 文 学 科 (尤指 文 学 、 语 言 、 历 史 和 哲 学 )u 真 题 例 旬4 Those things that do not show up in the test scores2 personality, ability, courage or humanity2 are completely ignored,“ says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party3 s education committee.impoverished( a.)贫 穷 的u 真 题 例 旬To
28、take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment.74.法 律 政 治 类arbiter 仲裁者validity 有效性，合法性suspension 中止，悬而未决parliament 国会，议会bureaucratic 官 h主义的self-governing 自治的jury 陪审团privilege 特权withdraw 撤退，取钱as
29、sume office 就任launch 开始legal ground 法 律 c据legislation ( )法 律 ， 条 规u 真 题 例 旬Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006 legislation , and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues.federal (a.) 联邦的u 真 题 例 旬(同上 )clause ( n.
30、)条 款u 真 题 例 旬The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.policymaker (n.) 政策制定者u 真 题 例 旬Scholars, policymakers , and critic
31、s of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes， but few have looked at the side effect family risk has risen as well.revolution (n.) 革 Pu 真 题 例 旬The victims of this revolution , of course, are not limited to designers.propose (v.) 提 议u 真 题 例 旬In December 2010 Americas Federal
32、 Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track (DNT) option to internet browsers, so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.”administration (n.) 管理，行政部门u 真 题 例 旬On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizonas immigration law Monday-a8
33、modest policy victory for the Obama Administration .provision (n.) 规定，条款u 真 题 例 旬In Arizona v. United states, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizonas controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigrations law.Congress (n.) 国会u 真 题 例 旬On the
34、overturned provisions the majority held the Congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had this intruded on the federals privileged powers.executive (a.) 执 行 的u 真 题 例 旬The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as“ a shocking as
35、sertion of federal executive power”.statute (n.) 条 例 ， 法 令u 真 题 例 旬The White House argued that Arizonas laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.legitimate (a.) 合 法 的u 真 题 例 旬In effect, the White House claimed that it could inva
36、lidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.civil servants 公务员u 真 题 例 旬If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servants .authorize (v.) 授权 ,许可u 真 题 例 旬Now the nations top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on busines
37、s-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago.ruling (n.) 裁决；裁定u 真 题 例 旬That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies truing to stake out executive rights to specific types of online transactions.formula (n.) 准则，方案u 真 题 例 旬The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College.
