Cdfiyc雅思写作句子.doc

1、生命中，不断地有人离开或进入。于是，看见的，看不见的；记住的，遗忘了。生命中，不断地有得到和失落。于是，看不见的，看见了；遗忘的，记住了。然而，看不见的，是不是就等于不存在？记住的，是不是永远不会消失？ 雅思段落扩展的几种常见方式作者： 文章来源：无忧雅思网 发布日期：2008-01-29 13:30:04.0 “麻雀虽小,五脏俱全”。一个段落就像一篇文章一样,也有主题句、扩展句和结尾句。主题句是段落的核心 ,但要记住,一个段落只有一个中心,这个中心要清晰地表达出来。扩展句围绕主题句进行叙述、说明或论述,方法各异；结尾句对本段的内容进行总结,和主题句相呼应,引发读者对段落的进一步认识；结尾句可

2、有可无,视内容而定。段落的扩展有多种方式,常见的有列举?举例? 递进?因果?比较和对照 ,写作时往往是几种方法结合使用?现分别举例说明:1.列举常见的关联词有: first, second, finally; for one thing, for another thing; on one hand, on the other hand 等,如:Effective measures can be taken to protect our natural resources. On one hand, we should carry out campaigns to make people aw

3、are of the urgency of environmental protection; on the other hand, strict laws should be made to put the commercial fishing under control.2.举例常见的关联词有: for example, for instance; one example is , another example is; such as 等,如:Love means more to those who need help. For example, in 1998, southern Ch

4、ina witnessed an unprecedented flood. Many people became homeless, and they were in bad need of clothing and food for the coming winter. At this moment, people all over China offered their warm hands. With their love, they help the victims of the flood live through the winter.3.递进常见的关联词有:furthermore

5、, moreover, besides, in addition, whats more 等,如:Today more and more advertisements are seen on the TV screen. There are two reasons for this phenomenon. To begin with, they can meet the needs of manufactures. With the development of market economy, manufactures have to be more and more competitive,

6、 and advertising is one of the best ways to strengthen their competitive capacity. Whats more, advertisements are also necessary to consumers. Advertisements can help the consumers keep informed about different products and offer them different alternatives when they just stay at home.4.因果常见的关联词有:be

7、cause, since, for, owing to, due to, as a result, because of, so, there fore, thus, consequently, accordingly等,如: .At present, fake products are very common in our markets. The most obvious reason is that some dishonest manufactures want to make easy money, and selling fake products is their first c

8、hoice. In addition, the government hasnt passed strict laws to punish these dishonest manufacturers. As a result, fake products are very popular in the market.5.比较和对比常见的关联词有:on the contrary, in contrast, in comparison, on the other hand, likewise, while, whereas, yet, but, however 等,如:The entry into

9、 WTO has brought China many opportunities. For example, it will introduce into China more advanced technology, which is bound to stimulate the development our country. However, each coin has its two sides. After China became a member of WTO, it has also faced many challenges. A case in point is that

10、 some heavy industries are facing bankruptcy because of the pressure from the foreign rivals.雅思议论文写作段落发展分析发布日期：2010-11-16 作者:VIP 部 来源:镇江新东方学校 点击：56 在应试型（雅思或新托福等）议论文写作中，通常遵循 introduction- body-conclusion（引言段-主体段-结论段）的“三步曲”。Body（主体）段落提供了论证观点的理由，是整个文章的主体，在评分中占有很大的比重。例如一篇满分的雅思作文（9 分）必须“presents a fully

11、developed position in answer to the question with relevant, fully extended and well supported ideas”。这里的“fully extended / well supported”，必须通过主体段来体现。新托福的满分作文（5 分）也要求“is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details”，同样必须通过主体段落发展来实现。一般来说，一

12、篇议论文必须包含至少两个主体段。每个主体段都必须有明确的主题句“topic sentence”和若干支持句“supporting sentences”。他们共同组成文章的理由段，对全文的论点提供理由支持。建议初学者在练习议论文写作时，必须遵循理由段发展的几个简单原则，这对迅速完成理由段、构建连贯和理由充分的议论文大有帮助。这几个简单原则包括：1. Write a topic sentence for each paragraph you plan to write. Each topic sentence should relate to your thesis statement and i

13、ntroduce what the paragraph will be about. If you find that the topics you want to discuss do not support the thesis statement you have written, revise your thesis statement or reconsider your topic sentences.（每个主体段都必须有一个明确的主题句）2. Write ideas that support your topic sentences. The topic sentence for

14、 each paragraph tells the reader what the paragraph will be about. The ideas stated in the rest of the paragraph should all relate to the topic sentence.（支持句必须围绕主题句展开）根据第 2 条的原则，我们来看看下面这个主体段：Hobbies are important for many reasons. First, a hobby can be educational. For example, if the hobby is stamp

15、 collecting, the person can learn about the countries of the world and even some of their history. Second, engaging in a hobby can lead to meeting other people with the same interests. A person can also meet other people by going to the school. Third, a persons free time is being used in a positive

16、way. The person has no time to be bored or get into mischief while engaged in the hobby. Finally, some hobbies can lead to a future job. A person who enjoys a hobby-related job is more satisfied with life.这段话的 topic sentence 很明显-“Hobbies are important for many reasons”，之后的支持句从三方面阐述 hobby 的重要性（first,

17、 second, third），但段中这句话“A person can also meet other people by going the school“与 hobby 重要的原因没有关系，因此削弱了整个段落的连贯性与统一性，应该被去掉。3. Add details. To write a more fully developed paragraph, you need to add details to your supporting ideas. Your details can be facts, examples, personal experiences, or descript

18、ions.（需要用多种方式提供细节展开段落）根据第 3 条的原则，我们来看下面这个段落：The Smithsonian Institution is worth visiting for a number of reasons. The Smithsonian Institution comprises various museums that offer something for everyone. These museums include the National Museum of History and Technology, the National Aeronautics an

19、d Space Museum, the National Collection of Fine Arts, the National Museum of Natural History, and several others. A person can do more than just look at the exhibits. For example , in the insect zoo at the National Museum of Natural History, anyone who so desires can handle some of the exhibits. The

20、 museums provide unforgettable experiences. In climbing through the Skylab exhibit at the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, I was able to imagine what it would be like to be an astronaut in space. Movies shown at regular intervals aid in building an appreciation of our world. In the National Ae

21、ronautics and Space Museum, there is a theater that has a large screen. When the movie is shown, it gives the viewer the feeling that he or she is in the movie itself, either floating above the Earth in a hot-air balloon or hang gliding over cliffs.这是一个成功的主题段，请注意这段话段落细节展开的几种形式-提供事实、举例、个人经历和描述。我们把这个段

22、落拆分后进行分析：Topic sentence（主题句）The Smithsonian Institution is worth visiting for a number of reasons.Supporting idea 1（支持理由 1）The Smithsonian Institution comprises various museums that offer something for everyone.Details facts（细节展开-提供事实）These museums include the National Museum of History and Technolo

23、gy, the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, the National Collection of Fine Arts, the National Museum of Natural History, and several others.Supporting idea 2（支持理由 2）A person can do more than just look at the exhibits.Details examples（细节展开-举例）For example, in the insect zoo at the National Museum

24、of Natural History, anyone who so desires can handle some of the exhibits.Supporting idea 3（支持理由 3）The museums provide unforgettable experiences.Details personalexperience（细节展开-个人经历）In climbing through the Skylab exhibit at the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, I was able to imagine what it wou

25、ld be like to be an astronaut in space.Supporting idea 4（支持理由 4）Movies shown at regular intervals aid in building an appreciation of our world.Details description（细节展开-描述）In the National Aeronautics and Space Museum, there is a theater that has a large screen. When the movie is shown, it gives the viewer the feeling that he or she is in the movie itself, either floating above the Earth in a hot-air balloon or hang gliding over cliffs.