1、专题五 阅读补全（七选五）A 组 基础闯关题组Passage 1(2019 安徽江南十校联考)It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at any given time, and 400 over the course of their lives. However, on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends. 1 2 There are no instructions about how to make friends, how to k
2、eep friendships going, and how to end friendships if we want to move on. People have very different opinions about this. Some people would die for their friends and value them more than their family. Others say that friends are temporary, only there to help each other until they are no longer needed
3、. 3 Because of these different definitions of friendship, it is easy to be unhappy about our friendships. We may want them to be deeper and closer, or we may want to have more friends in our lives. Sometimes we simply do not have the time to develop our friendships, or we fear we have left it too la
4、te in life to start. If we move to another country or city, we have to find ways to make new friends again.4 We should not think that it could be too late to build friendships. We also need to understand that the need to be around other people is one that is shared by many. Therefore, we should not
5、be too frightened of starting to talk to people who in the future may become our friends. 5 Remember what people say:strangers are friends we have not met yet. A.It is likely that they would like to get closer to us too.B.If people with such different views become friends, this can lead to problems.
6、 C.Also, there are no rules about friendship.D.Rules about friendship vary from culture to culture and from person to person.E.This dissatisfaction shows us how important friendships are to most of us.F.Everyone needs to get help from friends.G.If these numbers are correct, then friendship means dif
7、ferent things in different situations.答案语篇解读 本文为说明文。不同的人对友谊有不同的理解,但是友谊对每个人都非常重要,我们要善于建立和经营友谊。1.G 细节句。设空处前的“30 friends” “and 400 over the course of their lives” “150 friends”与G 项中的“these numbers” 相对应,故答案为 G 项。2.C 主题句。设空处在段首,属于本段主题句。下文是对本主题句展开说明。根据下文 “There are no instructions about how to make friend
8、s, how to keep friendships going, and how to end friendships if we want to move on.”可推出 C 项(对于友谊也没有规则可循。)为本题答案。3.B 细节句。设空处前两句介绍了人们对友谊不同的观点,本句承接上句:如果这些持不同观点的人成了朋友,就会出现一些问题。上文的“very different opinions”与 B 项中的“such different views”相对应。故答案为 B 项。4.E 细节句。本句起承上启下的作用。第三段主题句(即第三段首句)中的“to be unhappy”与 E 项中的 d
9、issatisfaction 相对应,故答案为 E 项。5.A 细节句。上句意为:因此,我们不应该太害怕与将来可能会成为我们的朋友的人们去交谈。本句对上句进一步解释:他们可能也愿意接近我们。综上所述 ,答案为 A 项。高级语块 over the course of 在期间 social networking sites 社交网站长难句 There are no instructions about how to make friends, how to keep friendships going, and how to end friendships if we want to move o
10、n.对于如何交朋友,如何维系友谊,以及如果我们想继续前行如何结束友谊,没有人给我们进行指导。本句主干为:There are no instructions 。后面的 how to make friends,how to keep friendships going 和 how to end friendships if we want to move on 并列作 about 的宾语。Passage 2(2019 湖南三湘名校教育联盟联考)A memorable science projectIf someone tells you to remember a phone number or
11、an address, it feels like an easy task at first. You repeat the number to yourself, either aloud or in your mind. But after just a few seconds you might find yourself starting to doubt your own memory. 1 Thus, it will try to throw away information that seems old or irrelevant. There are ways of help
12、ing our minds retain(记住)information, and in this activity you will explore ways that we lose and keep memories. Short-term, or working memory, is a way of describing most peoples abilities to store a small amount of information for a brief period of time in a readily accessible form. 2 People dont h
13、ave to stop and think to remember something in short-term memory. 3 Such techniques include visualizing( 想象)the information in a surprising way or linking pieces of information together so that one reminds you of the other. In the case of visualizing information, this could be as simple as rememberi
14、ng you parked your car in the D section on the fifth floor by picturing five dogs sitting in your car! 4 If you need to purchase cereal(谷物), milk, fruit, cheese and eggs, you could imagine the cereal in a bowl, with milk pouring over it and pieces of fruit on top. Then imagine cracking an egg over e
15、verything, and its full of melted cheese!These may seem simple or even silly. 5 In this activity youll test the recall of a few friends or family members, and learn a few tricks for improving memory! A.There are many techniques for improving memory.B.Our brain is always seeking new and useful inform
16、ation.C.Short-term memory has a short duration but is quickly and easily accessed.D.In addition, linking information could help you remember your grocery list.E.Retaining that information over longer periods of time becomes difficult yet.F.Your short-term memory has a limited amount of space to stor
17、e information.G.However, they are proved to be good ways to improve memory by scientists.答案语篇解读 本文为说明文,介绍了提高记忆力的方法。1.B 细节题。根据下句中的“Thus”可推知本句与下句为因果关系,即本句说明原因。根据下句“因此,它将努力将那些似乎过时或无关紧要的信息丢弃。” 可知本句应为“我们的大脑总是在寻找新的、有用的信息”。故选 B 项。2.C 细节题。本段讲的是“short-term memory(短时记忆)”,由此可知本题答案应为 C 或 F。根据下句(在短时记忆中,人们不必停下来想到
18、去记起某些东西。)可推知本段讲的是短时记忆的优点,由此可知本题答案为 C 项(短时记忆持续的时间短但信息存取起来迅速、便捷)。而非 F 项(你的短时记忆储存信息的空间是有限的 )。3.A 主旨句。下句中的“Such techniques.” 与 A 项中的“many techniques”相对应,故答案为A 项。此外本段主要介绍了提高记忆力的技巧:visualizing the information in a surprising way和 linking pieces of information together,由此也可看出本题答案为 A 项。4.D 细节句。作者在本段第二句介绍说:这
19、些技巧包括用一种令人惊讶的方式想象信息,或把一些信息联系起来使一个信息让你想起另一个信息。然后在第三句介绍第一种技巧:用一种令人惊讶的方式想象信息。本句作者应该介绍另外一种技巧:把一些信息联系起来。D 项中的“linking information”与本段第二句中的“linking pieces of information together”相对应,此外,下句中的“cereal, milk, fruit, cheese and eggs”与 D 项中的“grocery list” 相对应。综上所述本题答案为 D 项。5.G 过渡句。上句(这些技巧可能看起来很简单,甚至有些可笑)中的 sill
20、y 属于贬义词,故可推断本句应该与上句为转折关系,G 项中的“However”表示转折; 此外 G 项中的 they 与上句中的 These 同属一个概念。综上所述答案为 G 项(然而它们被科学家证实是提高记忆力的好方法)。高级语块 irrelevant adj.不相干的 melt v.融化长难句 Such techniques include visualizing(想象) the information in a surprising way or linking pieces of information together so that one reminds you of the o
21、ther.这些技巧包括用一种令人惊讶的方式想象信息,或把一些信息联系起来使一个信息让你想到另外一个信息。visualizing the information in a surprising way 和 linking pieces of information together 并列作 include 的宾语;so that one reminds you of the other 为目的状语从句。Passage 3 (2018 湖北上学期月考)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 。How to avoid a boring conversati
22、onWhat excuses should you use to avoid talking to people you dont want to talk to?Here are some tips and inoffensive ways to get out of unwanted conversations.1.Go for a refill(续杯).It is natural for anyone at a party to be excused to get a refill. 1 And once you excuse yourself, make a move fast bef
23、ore the person requests you to get a refill for him as well. 2.Pretend bad mood.Cut off the conversation before it starts by saying something along the lines of “Im not in a good mood. Can I talk to you later if you dont mind?” 2 Say it firmly so that people get the message loud and clear. 3.Ask you
24、r friend to save you.3 Simply text your friend and ask him or her to come for apparently something important. You will be able to skip a boring chat with a seemingly reasonable excuse. 4. 4 You are advised to look away from that person and dont make eye contact, so that you can give powerful hints(暗
25、示) that you find the conversation extremely boring. 5 Be sure to tune in to the conversation every now and then so you dont come across as rude. A.Behave in an obviously careless way.B.Just be sure that the person you are talking to does not offer to accompany you to do so.C.Dont act too polite in a
26、n attempt to draw sympathy.D.Use body language to indicate boredom.E.Your friend is bound to perform brilliantly in coping with the dull one.F.Look elsewhere and pretend that something else has caught your attention.G.Stuck in an unwanted conversation,how do you get out of it?答案语篇解读 本文主要介绍了怎样避免无聊的谈话
27、。1.B 选项 B 中的 so 就是指空前的 “get a refill”这一行为;同时空后的“make a move fast. as well”与选项 B 的内容相呼应。2.C 空后的代词 it 指代空处前一句中的“Im not in a good mood. Can I talk to you later if you dont mind”,所以空处及后一句与这一问题相关;同时后一句中 “Say it firmly”与选项 C“不要为了获得同情而表现得太礼貌”在内容和语气方面是一致的。3.G 根据该段的主题句以及空后两句可知,空后的两句话是对选项 G 这一疑问句的回答,选项 G 能够引出
28、下文,符合语境。4.D 根据上文中的主题句都使用祈使句这一特点可知 ,该段也应用祈使句作主题句;同时根据该段中的第一句可知,把目光从这个人身上移开,不要有眼神交流,这样可以给对方强烈的暗示:你觉得这段谈话极其无聊,这与选项 D“使用肢体语言暗示无聊” 相吻合。5.F 空处起承上启下的作用,且该段主题句为,使用肢体语言暗示无聊,所以选项 F“看向别处并假装你的注意力被其他东西吸引”与之吻合。Passage 4 (2018 广东惠州高三第一次调研)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。My father used to be an amateur wre
29、stler and national champion. He was forced by his father to give up the sport in order to obtain gainful employment,which meant he wouldnt be able to win a medal for our country. Therefore, he made a vow that his unborn son would realize his unfinished dream. 1 He was about to give up hope when one
30、day,my younger sister Babita and I beat up two boys accidentally in response to critical comments. My dad found our potential to become wrestlers and began coaching us. 2 We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have short haircuts to avoid lice. 3 We complained about him al
31、l the time. Gradually, I realized that he wanted us to have a good future and not grow up to be ordinary housewives. Motivated,we willingly participated in his coaching. With great efforts,he made us competitive wrestlers and I won junior and senior championships,providing me with a chance to gain t
32、raining in the National Sports Academy,where pride and agony fulfilled my mind. 4 As a result,I found myself losing every match at the international level. After that,I turned to him for help. Then he coached me patiently. Despite difficulty, I finally became the first Indian female wrestler to qual
33、ify for the Olympics,inspiring dozens of Indian women to take to wrestling. Even now,Papas words are still in my mind“Geeta,think about all the girls who are thought to be inferior to boys,girls who are forced to do chores,girls who are married and have children. Not only will you compete with other
34、 countries,but also with those who look down upon women!” I will never forget about Fathers instruction. 5 A.But his methods were cruel.B.I almost abandoned what Papa had taught me.C.Disappointingly,my mother gave birth to all girls.D.My sister and I tried to escape.E.I will always owe all success t
35、o him.F.At first,my sister and I did not understand our father.G.However,my mother didnt agree with him.答案语篇解读 “我”的爸爸曾经是业余摔跤运动员而且是全国冠军 ,但被迫放弃了摔跤,他把所有的希望寄托在未出生的儿子身上,但是“我” 的妈妈生的都是女孩。一天爸爸发现了 “我”和妹妹身上的摔跤天赋,并开始对我们进行严格训练,最终“我” 成为印度第一位取得参加奥运会资格的女子摔跤运动员。1.C 根据空处前一句“Therefore,he made a vow that his unborn so
36、n would realize his unfinished dream.”可知,他要让他未出生的儿子实现他未完成的梦想,再结合第二段第一句“He was about to give up hope when one ments.”可知,他几乎放弃了希望,故 C 项符合语境。2.A 根据空处后一句“We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have short haircuts to avoid lice.”可知,我们在清晨便要参加训练,必须剪成短发; 据此可以判断,父亲的训练方法很残酷,故 A 项符合语
37、境。3.F 本段讲述了我们对于爸爸残酷的训练方式从不情愿到接受的心态变化; 根据空处后一句“We complained about him all the time”可知,我们一开始对父亲是抱怨、不理解的,故 F 项符合语境。4.B 根据空处后一句“As a result,I found myself losing every match at the international level.”和下文中的“After that,I turned to him for help.”可知“我” 在国际水平的比赛中总是失败,而上文中讲的却是“ 我” 不断胜利 ,还拿到过冠军;由此可知“ 我”摒弃了爸
38、爸教给“我” 的方法,导致“我”在每一场国际水平的比赛中都输了 ,故 B 项符合语境。5.E 本段叙述了爸爸的话,结合空处前一句“I will never forget about Fathers instruction.”可知,“我”不会忘记爸爸的教导 ,且从全文来看,“我”的成功与爸爸是分不开的 ,故 E 项符合语境。Passage 5(2018 江西高三第一次联考)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。More and more people are working remotely. Here are some tips to keep in
39、 mind to stay focused on your work when working at home:Set and keep regular office hours.1 Then try your best to leave work at the “office” and turn your phone on silent and enjoy the rest of your day. Give yourself some time to recharge so you can be as productive as possible. Plan and structure y
40、our workdays.Structure your workdays to maximize(使最大化) efficiency. Take advantage of your bodys natural rhythms. 2 If you know you focus best in the morning,resist the temptation to check email until 10 a.m. or later. Set aside a designated(指定的 ) work area.Try to work at the same spot every day. 3 A
41、nd make it a place you enjoy going to each day, an area where you can focus and do your best work. Take breaks.Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day. Rise from your desk,stretch or walk around the house or down the street. 4 If you need social activities, go out to lunch with friends
42、or clients. Avoid distractions(使人分心的事).One challenge of working at home is distraction. With no colleagues or partners nearby,its easy to become distracted. Stay focused on work throughout the day to maintain consistent productivity. 5 A.It could be a spare bedroom that youve turned into a home offi
43、ce.B.Plan your work around your most productive hours.C.Do your best to set work hours and stick to them.D.Take a lunch break and enjoy a midday meal.E.It is more comfortable to stay at home.F.Some interruptions cant be avoided.G.Avoid online distractions as well.答案语篇解读 本文主要介绍了五种在家工作时如何保持注意力集中的方法。1.
44、C 根据本段的小标题“Set and keep regular office hours”可知,此处与工作时间的设定有关,所以选 C 项。2.B 根据本段的小标题“Plan and structure your workdays”可推知,此处与工作计划有关,并与本段第一句“Structure your workdays to maximize( 使最大化) efficiency”呼应,所以选 B 项。3.A 根据本段小标题“Set aside a designated(指定的) work area”可知,此处表示家庭办公区的设定和安排,所以选 A 项。4.D 根据本段第一句“Schedule
45、time for frequent breaks throughout the day”并结合小标题“Take breaks”可推知,工作期间应适当休息一下 ,D 项符合语境,所以选 D 项。5.G 根据本段小标题“Avoid distractions( 使人分心的事)”可推知,网上使人分心的内容也是集中注意力所需要避免的,所以选 G 项。Passage 6(2017 安徽江淮十校 11 月联考)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only last
46、s between a few minutes and a few hours. 1 In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon, and have identified three different types of loneliness. The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most com
47、mon type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation, for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. 2 The third kind of loneliness is the most seve
48、re. Unlike the second type, chronic (the opposite of “temporary”)loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. 3 Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition. Psychologists agree that one important fac
49、tor in loneliness is a persons social contacts, for example, friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. 4 Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy
