1、1有志者,事竟成。,Proverbs,2好的开始是成功的一半。,3不入虎穴，焉得虎子。,4少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。,5谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。,Where there is a will,there is a way.,Well begun is half done.,Nothing venture,nothing have.,A young idler,an old beggar.,He laughs best who laughs last.,一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊
2、的虚拟语气,虚拟语气的主要内容,时态,从句(无人 称和数的 变化),主句,现在时,1)过去时 (were)2)行为动词 的过去时,should+动词原形 would +动词原形 could +动词原形 might +动词原形,1.和现在的事实相反,一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气,时态,从句,主句,过去时,had + 过去分词,should+have+过去分词 would +have+过去分词 could +have+过去分词 might +have+过去分词,2.和过去的事实相反,时态,从句,主句,将来时,should+动词原形 would +动词原形 could +动词原形 might +动词
3、原形,3.和将来的事实相反,1)were to +动词原形2)should +动词原形,二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气,1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示 与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将谓 语动词提前一个时态。例如: 1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were) I wish I were as healthy as you. I wish that I had a plane. 2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had done I wish I had been to the concert last night. I wish you
4、had written to him. 3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would/could/might+do I wish he would forgive me.,考题点击：,1.I wish I _you yesterday.Its a pity that I didnt attend the lecture together with you. A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see 2.I went to bed early last night,but I wish I _so. A.didnt do B.hadnt done C
5、.havent done D.couldnt do 3.How I wish every family _a large housewith a beautiful garden. A.has B.had C.will had D.had had,C,B,B,2. 在动词 suggest, order, demand, request, desire,insist, require, decide, determine, advise, direct, ask,decide,propose,prefer,recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原
6、形 的虚拟语气。 “should”可以省略。,He ordered that the students (should) washthe clothes every week by themselves.,考题点击： The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock.A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D.finish 2. - What did the doctor say about your mothers illness?- He suggested that she _ an
7、operation at once.A. must have B. had C. have D. had had 3. The teacher ordered that students_.A.mustnt smoke B.not smokeC.smoked D.had smoked,B,C,B,三、主语从句中的虚拟语气,基本句型： 1. It be+形容词+that+should+动词原形+ 形容词:important, necessary, natural, right,wrong, better,proper,funny,strange,surprising,desirable, adv
8、isable, imperative,It is necessary that we (should ) have a walk now. Its important that we (should) take good care ofthe patient.,2. It be+过去分词+that+should+动词原形+,过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed,It is required that nobody (should) smoke here. Its suggested that everybody (should) buy a dic
9、tionary.,3. It be+名词（ a pity/a shame/ no wonder） that+ should+动词原形+,考题点击：Is it necessary that he _ the examination?A. takes B. has to takeC. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this.A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told,D,B,四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气,在 suggestion, proposal, idea,
10、plan, order, advice , decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中 要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。,My suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.,1)表语从句:,2)同位语从句:,I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.,考题点击： His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try 2.H
11、e gave an advice that they _ each other.A. helped B. must help C.help D.had helped,A,C,五、状语从句中的虚拟语气,1、用在由as if,as though引导的比较或方式 状语从句中，表示和现在事实相反或对现在 的怀疑，用过去时；表示过去想象中的动作 或情况，用过去完成时。 It seems as if the man were his brother. This device operated as though it had been repaired.,考题点击： We felt as if we _
12、each other for years. A.knew B.were knowing C.had known D.have knowing,C,2.用在lest,for fear that和in case引导的状语 从句中，这时谓语动词用should+动词原形 或动词原形。 She closed the windows lest she catch cold.考题点击： He took away the oxygen tank for fear that it _explode. A. may explore B.exploded C. explode D.had explode,C,六、几
13、种特殊的虚拟语气,虚拟倒装句1.Were it (=If it were) not for their help,we couldnt havegot over the difficulties. 2.Had I (=If I had) known about it,I would have told you. 3.Should anyone (=If anyone should )call,please take a message.What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? (01 上海) Bob had walked far
14、ther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther,C,考题点击：,2) 错综条件句If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. asked would know B. had asked would have known C. asked him know D. had asked would know,D,If you hadnt bought the ticket last week,how would you go now
15、?,考题点击：,3) 介词短语表条件 But for your help, we couldnt have succeeded.Nothing could live without the sun.,考题点击： Without your help, we _ such rapid progress. A.couldnt make B.wouldnt make C.will not have made D.wouldnt have made,D,4) 情境中提供虚拟语气 Suppose there were no gravitational force, objects would not fa
16、ll to the ground when dropped.She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early. 高考题点击： I went by plane;otherwise I _ much longer time.A.could take B.would takeC.will have taken D.would have taken,5) 比较if only与only if only if 表示“只有”；I wake up only if the alarm clock r
17、ings. if only 则表示“如果就好了”。其从句中的谓语 动词用过去时或过去完成时。 If only I knew more. If only the alarm clock had rung. If only 也可用于陈述语气。 If only he comes early.If only grandmother _ this together with us now. A.had seen B.could see C.must see D.should see,B,考题点击：,6) Its (high/low) time 从句：It is (high) time that 后面的从
18、句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. It is high time that the children should go to bed. 类似的结构为 would rather 从句：I would rather you attended the meeting this afternoon.,考题点击： It is time that you _ the whole book. A.must go over B.can go over C.went over D.hav
19、e gone over,C,1)If I were a bird,I could fly in the sky.2)If your sister tried harder,she would succeed.,1)You wouldnt have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes.,2)If we had started sooner,we might have reached there.,If I were to see Tom,what would you tell him?,2)If I should do it,I would do it better.,
