1、Unit 4 Reports on Disasters a AccidentsPart I Getting readyPart II Hurricanes 切断,截断,隔离,使中断联系,中断,剥夺财产继承权 official adj.官方的,正式的 death;deaths (death):n.死;灭亡 toll n.通行费,代价,钟声 army n.军队 relief n.宽慰;欣慰 effort n.努力,艰难的尝试 David n.大卫 storm n.风暴;暴(风)雨 up to 直到,达到;由决定;从事,搞 miles (mile):n.英里 struck strike 的过去式(分
2、词) coast n.海岸;滑行 flattening (flatten):v.弄平; 击倒 destroying (destroy):vt.破坏;消灭; 打破 crops (crop):n.庄稼;收成 transport n.运输 ;运输工具 links (link):n.环;环节 v.串连 tidal a.潮汐的,定时涨落的 waves (wave):n.波,波浪;波动 torrential a.奔流的 ,如急流的,猛烈的 railway n.铁路,铁道 flooded pp.涌到 areas;area (Area):n.地区;面积 ferry n.渡船,渡口 sank (sink):n.
3、(厨房内的)洗涤槽 due to 由于 ,归因于;预定 flooding n.泛滥,产后出血 collapsing 断裂 electrocutions (electrocution):n.电刑,电死 evacuated (evacuate):v.疏散,撤出,排泄 shelter n.隐蔽处;掩蔽,庇护 camps (camp):n.野营,营地,兵营 surveying n.概观,测量 helicopter n.直升机 chief n.首长,头子 minister n.大臣;部长 resembled (resemble):vt.相似,类似,象 burial n.埋葬,埋藏,掩埋 appealed
4、 to (appeal to):对有吸引力;呼吁,请求; 诉诸 federal a.联邦的;联盟的 government n.政府,内阁;政体; 统治 treat vt.治疗 incident n.事件;事变 calamity n.灾难,不幸事件 Tapescript:Large numbers of villages have been completely cut off. The official said the death toll could reach 2 000. The Indian army has been called in to help the relief eff
5、ort. From Deli. Here is David Willis.The storm with winds of up to 75 miles an hour struck Indias southeast coast, flattening homes, destroying crops and cutting transport links. Eyewitnesses reported tidal waves more than 12 feet high. The storm was followed by torrential rains, which swept away ro
6、ads and railway lines, and flooded low lying areas. More than 40 people are thought to have died when a ferry sank. But most of the deaths have been due to flooding, houses collapsing or electrocutions. More than 100 000 people have been evacuated from their homes and are taking shelter in relief ca
7、mps. After surveying the flooded area by helicopter, the chief minister said it resembled a burial ground. Hes appealed to the federal government to treat the incident as a national calamity. David Willis.Listen to the following news item. While listening for the first time, take down some key words
8、 in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the following questions.简明词典 单词 解释 Greenwich n.格林尼治 thunderstorms (thunderstorm):n.雷暴雨 Europe n.欧洲 appears (appear):vi.出现;显得 ;好象 Exceptionally (exceptionally):ad.例外地; 非常地 rainfall n.降雨,降雨量 flooding n.泛滥,产后出血 Switzerland n.瑞士 Italy n.意大利 ch
9、aos n.混乱 rail n.铁轨;轨道 ;铁路 transport n.运输 ;运输工具 affected a.假装的 delays (delay):vt.推迟;耽搁;延误 airports (airport):n.机场,航空站 Although (although):conj.尽管,虽然 expected a.预期的,期待的 normal (Normal):adj.正常的 ,正规的 Italian adj.意大利的 motorways;motorway (motorway):n.汽车高速公路 forthcoming a.即将到来的;现有的 services (service):n.服务
10、normalized (normalize):v.使正常,使标准化 government n.政府,内阁;政体; 统治 spokeswoman n.女发言人 announced (announce):vt.宣布 ,宣告,发表 damage vt.损害,毁坏 n.损害 property (Property):n.财产;财产权 at least 至少,起码,无论如何 francs pn.法兰西丝 Experts (expert):n.专家 a.熟练的 casualty n.严重事故,伤亡,受害者 figures (figure):n.外形;人物;数字 v.描绘;出现 emergency n.急症;
11、紧急情况 warnings (warning):n.警告,告诫,鉴诫 issued (issue):n.问题;发行;结果 storms (storm):n.风暴;暴(风) 雨 federal a.联邦的;联盟的 urged v.催促,怂恿 vbl.催促,怂恿 motorists (motorist):n.乘汽车者,常坐汽车的人 travelers (traveler):n.旅客 international (International):a.国际的,世界(性) 的 allowed 允许 main adj.主要的 n.主要部分 north-south adj.纵贯的 routes (route)
12、:n.路;路线 Tapescript:Nine hours Greenwich Mean Time. The news read by Wendy Gordon. The worst of the heavy rains and thunderstorms that have been sweeping parts of Europe during the past week appears to be over. Exceptionally heavy rainfall brought flooding to many parts of Germany, Switzerland, North
13、ern Italy and France and chaos to rail and road transport. Air traffic too has been affected with flight delays at airports. Although most flights are expected to be back to normal by this time tomorrow, there are expected to be serious delays on the German and Italian motorways over the forthcoming
14、 holiday weekend and train services are unlikely to be normalized for several days. A government spokeswoman in France announced that the damage to homes and property is expected to be at least four thousand million francs. It is reported that at least five people have lost their lives. Experts agre
15、e that casualty figures are low because emergency warnings were issued on the day before the storms began. The federal government in Switzerland has urged motorists and rail travelers not to travel during the next few days and no international traffic will be allowed on the main north-south motorway
16、 routes across the country until next Tuesday.Part III EarthquakesA You are going to hear a news item about an earthquake. Write down every word as a dictation. It will be read three times. First reading, read from beginning to end. Second reading, read with pauses. Third reading, read at normal spe
17、ed again.Tapescript:Another earthquake, the fifth in three days, hit Japan last night. Hundreds of homes have now been destroyed or badly damaged, and thousands have been made homeless since the earthquakes started. Many of the homeless have begun to make themselves makeshift shelters from the rubbl
18、e. Electricity, gas and water supplies have also been seriously disrupted. Experts believe that the country will be hit by more quakes during the next 48 hours.Tapescript:Its eight oclock on Monday the 24th of November. At least 400 people are feared to have died in a major earthquake which shook la
19、rge areas of southern Italy last night. As rescue work continues in wide areas of southern Italy it is becoming increasingly more likely that the present toll of 400 dead will rise much higher. The tremors were felt all over Italy, from the French border to Sicily, but the worst damage appears to be
20、 in small towns and villages, many of them very isolated, outside Naples. Naples itself has also been badly affected. In a little village about sixty miles east of the city scores of people are thought to have died as the earthquake hit a village hospital and a local church as well as many private h
21、omes. It appears that there was an evening service going on in the church at the time.In Naples it was the old part of the city which was worst affected many buildings of eight or nine stories broke apart and collapsed as the earthquake hit at around 8 p.m. last night. A large proportion of inhabita
22、nts spent the night in the open in the streets or squares and as smaller tremors continue, more chaos has ensued as townspeople rush for the countryside, blocking roads and causing traffic jams. Telephone lines have been broken and electricity and water supplies are failing the fog and cold conditio
23、ns are making rescue operations very difficult in some of the remoter parts of the south particularly where road conditions are not very good.Our own correspondent has been to the disaster area and sends us this report.Part IV More about the topic: Earthquake TipsNow listen to a passage about earthq
24、uake tips. The following phrases describe what you should do and should not do when an earthquake hits. Put these phrases into the correct column.Tapescript:During an earthquakeWhen you feel an earthquake, duck under a desk or sturdy table. Stay away from windows, bookcases, file cabinets, heavy mir
25、rors, hanging plants, and other heavy objects that could fall. Watch out for falling plaster and ceiling tiles. Stay undercover until the shaking stops, and hold onto your cover. If it moves, move with it. Below are some additional tips for specific locations: If you are in a HIGH-RISE BUILDING, and
26、 not near a desk or table, move against an interior wall and protect your head with your arms. Do not use the elevators. Do not be surprised if the alarm or sprinkler systems come on. Stay indoors. Glass windows can dislodge during the quake and sail for hundreds of feet. If youre OUTDOORS, move to
27、a clear area away from trees, signs, buildings, electrical wires, and poles. If youre on a SIDEWALK NEAR BUILDINGS, duck into a doorway to protect yourself from falling bricks, glass, plaster, and other debris. If youre DRIVING, pull over to the side of the road and stop. Avoid overpasses, power lin
28、es, and other hazards. Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over. If youre in a CROWDED STORE OR OTHER PUBLIC PLACE, do not rush for exits. Move away from display shelves containing objects that could fall. If youre in a WHEELCHAIR, stay in it. Move to cover, if possible, lock your wheels, a
29、nd protect your head with your arms. If youre in the KITCHEN, move away from the refrigerator, stove, and overhead cupboards. (Take time NOW to anchor appliances, and install security latches on cupboard doors to reduce hazards.) If youre in a STADIUM OR THEATER, stay in your seat and protect your h
30、ead with your arms. Do not try to leave until the shaking is over, then leave in a calm, orderly manner. Avoid rushing towards exits.After the earthquake checklist Be prepared for aftershocks, and plan where you will take cover when theyoccur. Check for injuries. Give first aid, as necessary. Remain
31、 calm and reassure others. Avoid broken glass. Check for fire. Take appropriate actions and precautions. Check gas, water, and electric lines. If damaged, shut off service. If gas is leaking, dont use matches, flashlights, appliances, or electric switches. Open windows, leave building, and report to
32、 gas company. Replace all telephone receivers, and use for emergency calls only. Tune to the emergency broadcast station on the radio or television. Listen for emergency bulletins. Stay out of damaged buildings.Part V Do you know.?A Listen to the news. Supply the missing information.Tapescript:Tens
33、of millions of people across Europe have observed three minutes of silence as a mark of respect for the victims of the Asian tsunami.The brief tribute came on the same day that Germany announced it will increase its aid to the affected countries to $675 million, making it one of the biggest donors.A
34、t midday in most of Europe, people paused to remember those who died and those who are still suffering half a world away. Flags were lowered to half staff at Walter Dudley is a professor of oceanography and director of the Marine Center. Hes also the author of a book about the Tsunami.Walter Dudley:
35、 “First of all, theres the matter of monitoring earthquakes. And the Indian government is quite good at that. But when you have a large earthquake that occurs, if you know if its big enough and where the epicenter is, if the epicenters under water, then potentially it could have generated a tsunami,
36、 and the next thing is to confirm whether tsunami waves have actually been generated. If you declare warnings every time there was an earthquake, youd have system that very quickly would be ignored by the public because, fortunately, most earthquakes dont generate tsunamis.Robin Rupli: Now its my un
37、derstanding that an earthquake took place two and a half hours before the tsunami hit. Is that correct?Walter Dudley: “It depends on how far away people are from the earthquake. Those communities right near the earthquake would have been affected almost immediately. The tsunami in 1960 that came fro
38、m Chile of course destroyed coastal communities in Chile immediately. It arrived in Hawaii 14 hours later and hit the coast of Japan a full 24 hours later and still killed over a hundred people there. So it really depends on the distance from the earthquake. My understanding is that most of the hard
39、est hit areas were about two hours away.Robin Rupli: What are some of the signs that the ordinary person could recognize?Walter Dudley: “If youre at the coast and you see the water either, mysteriously for no apparent reason, withdrawing or coming in, then thats an indication that something unusual
40、and potentially very deadly is about to occur. Also, if youre at the coast and you feel an earthquake or were to witness a landslide, those are things that would be an indicator that there is tsunami potential there.“Robin Rupli: Walter Dudley, thank you so much.Walter Dudley: “Its been a pleasure t
41、alking with you, Robin.“Robin Rupli: Walter Dudley is a professor of oceanography and the director of the Marine Center in Hilo, Hawaii. This is Robin Rupli.简明词典 单词 解释 Earthquakes; earthquake (earthquake):n.地震 item n.条,条款;一条 pauses; paused (pause):vi.n.中止; 暂停 normal (Normal):adj.正常的 ,正规的 speed n.快;速
42、度 v.促进;快走 destroyed 被毁 damaged a.被损坏的 homeless a.无家的,无养主的 makeshift n.掩蔽,庇护 rubble n.粗石 ,碎砖,粗石堆 Electricity (electricity):n.电,电学; 电流 gas n.气体,煤气,毒气;汽油 supplies n.供给 disrupted (disrupt):v.扰乱;使破裂 Experts (expert):n.专家 a.熟练的 believe vt.相信;认为 quakes;quake (quake):n.地震 At least (at least):至少,起码,无论如何 fear
43、ed (fear):n.害怕;担心 vt.害怕 major (Major):a.较大的 n.专业 shook vbl.shake 的过去式 areas;area (Area):n.地区;面积 Italy n.意大利 rescue vt.援救 continues;continue (continue):v.继续; 延伸 increasingly ad.逐渐地,渐增地 toll n.通行费,代价,钟声 tremors (tremor):n.震动,颤动 border n.边,边缘;边界 Sicily (sicily):n.西西里岛 damage vt.损害,毁坏 n.损害 appears (appe
44、ar):vi.出现;显得 ;好象 isolated adj.孤立 Naples n.那不勒斯 affected a.假装的 miles (mile):n.英里 local a.地方的;局部的 church n.教堂 as well 也,又,同样 private a.私人的;私下的 service n.服务 apart adv.分别 ;相距 collapsed 暴跌 proportion n.比,比率,部分 inhabitants (inhabitant):n.居民,住户 chaos n.混乱 ensued (ensue):v.跟着发生,继起;追赶 townspeople n.市民;镇民;镇内的
45、人 countryside n.乡下,农村 blocking 合块 ,阻塞 causing (cause):n.原因,理由; 事业 jams (jam):n.果酱;困境 v.堵塞;拥挤 fog n.雾 conditions (condition):n.条件;状况 remoter (remote):a.相隔很远的; 冷淡的 particularly ad.特别,尤其,格外 correspondent n.通讯记者,通信者 disaster n.灾难 topic n.题目,标题 ,论题,话题 Tips (tip):n.梢,末端,尖,尖端 phrases (phrase):n.短语;习惯用语 des
46、cribe v.描绘;描述 correct a.正确的 vt.纠正 column n.柱,圆柱 ;纵队 sturdy a.强健的,健全的 bookcases (bookcase):n.书架,书柜 file n.文件;档案 v.归档 cabinets (cabinet):n.橱,柜;顾问团,内阁 objects (object):n.物,物体;目的 Watch out (watch out):当心,注意,警戒 plaster n.灰泥;硬膏;熟石膏 ceiling (Ceiling):n.天花板,最高限额 tiles (Tile):n.瓦片,瓷砖;贴砖 undercover a.秘密从事的,秘密
47、的,被雇间谍活动的 shaking n.摇动,挥动 onto prep.在 之上 additional a.附加的,另外的 specific a.特有的;具体的 locations (Location):n.定位,测位; 测量 interior n.内部 a.内部的 protect vt.保护 elevators (elevator):n.电梯,升降机 alarm n.惊恐,忧虑;警报 sprinkler n.洒 ,水车,洒水器 systems;system (system):n.系统,体系; 制度 indoors (indoor):a.户内的,室内的 dislodge v.逐出,取出 ele
48、ctrical a.电的,有关电的 wires (wire):n.(金属)线;电线 poles (pole):n.杆;柱 doorway n.门口 bricks (brick):n.砖,砖块;砖状物 debris n.碎片,残骸 Avoid (avoid):vt.避免,躲避,回避 overpasses (overpass):n.天桥,陆桥 power n.能力 ;力;权;幂 hazards (hazard):n.危险;公害 vehicle n.车辆,机动车 display v.陈列;显示;炫耀 containing 包含,包括 wheels (wheel):n.轮,车轮 refrigerato
49、r n.冰箱,冷藏库 stove n.炉,火炉,电炉 overhead adv.在头上;在空中 cupboards;cupboard (cupboard):n.食橱,碗柜,餐具柜 anchor n.锚;隐士 v.固定;抛锚 appliances (appliance):n.器具,用具,器械 install vt.安装,设置 security n.安全,安全感 latches 门闩线路 reduce vt.缩减 ;减少 calm adj.平静的;沉着的 checklist n.清单 prepared a.准备好的,精制的 aftershocks (aftershock):n.余震 plan n.occurs (occur):vi.发生 ,想到,存在 injuries (injury):n.伤害;损伤 aid n.帮助,救护;助手 necessary adj.必需的,必要的 Remain (remain):vi.保持,仍是; 剩下 reassure vt.使 安心,再保证 appropriate a.适当的,恰当的 v.占用,挪用 actions (action):n.行动;作用;功能 precautions (precaution):n.预防; 警惕 electric a
