1、1“疑问词 + ever ”可分为两类， “疑问代词 + ever ”： whatever / whichever / whoever （宾格 whomever ）和“ 疑问副词 + ever ”： wherever / whenever / however.不论是“疑问代词 + ever ”还是“ 疑问副词 + ever ”，其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该疑问词的本义” 。1. “疑问代词 + ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句） 。（1）引导让步状语从句。此时 whatever / whoever / whichever 分别等于“ no m
2、atter + what / who / which”。例如：Whatever happened / No matter what happened,he wouldnt say a word Whoever says so / No matter who says so, it is wrong. Whichever / No matter which dictionary you （may） take，you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. 注意：这类从句中应用一般现在时表将来，从句中也常用情态动词 may / might .（2）引导名词性从句
3、。例如：Whoever smokes here will be punished. （主语从句）Beggars will eat whatever they are given. （宾语从句）Whichever he likes will be given to him. （主语从句）You may invite whoever / whomever you like. （常用 whoever 代替 whomever）此时它们都不能换成“ no matter + 疑问词”的形式，但 whoever 等于 anyone who， whatever 等于 anything that. 2. “疑问
4、副词 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引导一种类型的从句，即让步状语从句，此时它们分别等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”。例如：Wherever / No matter where he goes （may go） . Ill follow him. Whenever / I visited him , he was always busy workings .However late he is / No matter how late he is，his mother will wait for h
5、im to have 注意：当 however 用作连接副词时也可引导名词性从句，而 whenever/ wherever 则不能引导名词性从句。例如：Ill give you however much money you need. （宾语从句，此时 however 不能改成 no matter how ） 。 3. 另外， whatever / whichever / whoever 与 whenever / wherever / however 分别可相当于 what / which / who 与 when / where / how 的强调式，引起的特殊疑问句往往是简单句，与原疑问词
6、的意思、用法完全相同，只是表达的语气更为强烈，翻译时可加上“ 到底；究竟 ”等。例如：What（ever ） are you doing ？ 你（到底）在干什么？Which（ever） do you want to buy ？ 你（究竟）要买哪一个？Who（ever） told you such a foolish story？ （究竟）是谁讲给你这么蠢的事？When（ever ） can I enjoy a long vacation？ （究竟）什么时候才能给我放个长假呢？Where（ever） did you leave your dictionary？ 你（究竟）把词典放哪儿了？How（ever ） did you collect so much money？ 你（到底）是怎样筹到这么多钱的？
